{"id":1295,"date":"2024-04-27T23:00:47","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T20:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egitim.ibohocamiz.com.tr\/?p=1295"},"modified":"2026-06-26T02:21:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T23:21:42","slug":"holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/","title":{"rendered":"Holding Procedure (Bekleme Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc) Kurallar\u0131 ve \u00d6zellikleri [ICAO+MIPS+Biraz FAA]"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler:<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Giris\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holdingin_Kurallari_ve_Ozellikleri\" >Holding&#8217;in Kurallar\u0131 ve \u00d6zellikleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holding_Paterninin_Kisimlari\" >Holding Paterninin K\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Donus_Yonu\" >D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Y\u00f6n\u00fc:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Hiz\" >H\u0131z:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Chartlarda_Belirtilen_Hiz_Kisitlamalari\" >Chart&#8217;larda Belirtilen H\u0131z K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Yatis_Acisi_Donus_Orani\" >Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Oran\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Outbound_Zamanlamalari\" >Outbound Zamanlamalar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Outbound_Zamanlamasinin_Baslangici\" >Outbound Zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Bilinen_Ruzgar_Icin_Dogrultma\" >Bilinen R\u00fczgar \u0130\u00e7in Do\u011frultma:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#DME_Mesafesi_ile_Sinirlanan_Outbound\" >DME Mesafesi ile S\u0131n\u0131rlanan Outbound:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Sinirlayici_Radyal\" >S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 Radyal:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#ATC_Bildirimi\" >ATC Bildirimi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holdingden_Ayrilis\" >Holding&#8217;den Ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Bazi_Tasarim_Degerleri_veya_Toleranslari\" >Baz\u0131 Tasar\u0131m De\u011ferleri veya Toleranslar\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Yatis_Acisi_Degerleri\" >Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 De\u011ferleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Ruzgar\" >R\u00fczgar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Cesitli_Zamanlamalar\" >\u00c7e\u015fitli Zamanlamalar:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#RNAV_Holding\" >RNAV Holding:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Genel_Bilgiler\" >Genel Bilgiler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#RNAV_Holding_Paternine_Katilma\" >RNAV Holding Paternine Kat\u0131lma:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Conventional_Geleneksel_Holdingin_RNAV_ile_Uculmasi\" >Conventional (Geleneksel) Holding&#8217;in RNAV ile U\u00e7ulmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holding_Paternine_Katilma_Sekilleri\" >Holding Paternine Kat\u0131lma \u015eekilleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holdinge_Katilma_Bolumleri_ve_Katilma_Sekilleri\" >Holdinge Kat\u0131lma B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve Kat\u0131lma \u015eekilleri.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holdinge_Katilma_Sektorleri\" >Holding&#8217;e Kat\u0131lma Sekt\u00f6rleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Sektor_Sinirlarinin_Toleransi\" >Sekt\u00f6r S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n Tolerans\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Sector_1_Entry_Parallel_Entry\" >Sector 1 Entry (Parallel Entry):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Sector_2_Entry_Offset_Entry\" >Sector 2 Entry (Offset Entry):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Sector_3_Entry_Direct_Entry\" >Sector 3 Entry (Direct Entry):<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#DME_Arc_Entry\" >DME Arc Entry:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#VORDME_Holding_Icin_Ozel_Katilma_Proseduru_Ozellikleri\" >VOR\/DME Holding \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6zel Kat\u0131lma Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc \u00d6zellikleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Giris_noktasinin_Holding_Fix_oldugu_VORDME_Holdinglere_Ozel_Katilma_Cesitleri\" >Giri\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131n Holding Fix oldu\u011fu VOR\/DME Holding&#8217;lere \u00d6zel Kat\u0131lma \u00c7e\u015fitleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#A\" >A)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#B\" >B)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#C\" >C)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#D\" >D)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#E-F-G\" >E-F-G)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Engel_Acikligi\" >Engel A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holding_Area\" >Holding Area:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Buffer_Area\" >Buffer Area:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Minimum_Holding_Level\" >Minimum Holding Level:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Yuksek_Arazi_veya_Daglik_Alanlarda_Engel_Acikligi\" >Y\u00fcksek Arazi veya Da\u011fl\u0131k Alanlarda Engel A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Minimum_Holding_Altitude_MHA\" >Minimum Holding Altitude (MHA):<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Havacilik_Yayinlarinda_Gosterimi\" >Havac\u0131l\u0131k Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimi:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#AIP_GEN_17_Differences_from_ICAO_Standards_Recommended_Practices_and_Procedures_Bolumu\" >AIP GEN 1.7 Differences from ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#AIP_ENR_15_Holding_Approach_and_Departure_Procedures_Bolumu\" >AIP ENR 1.5 Holding, Approach and Departure Procedures B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#AIP_ENR_36_En-route_Holding_Bolumu\" >AIP ENR 3.6 En-route Holding B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#HOLD_Charti_Turkiye\" >HOLD Chart&#8217;\u0131 (T\u00fcrkiye):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Holding_Iceren_Bazi_Diger_Chart_Ornekleri\" >Holding \u0130\u00e7eren Baz\u0131 Di\u011fer Chart \u00d6rnekleri:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#MIPS_Farkliliklari\" >MIPS Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Giris-2\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Yatis_Acisi_Donus_Orani-2\" >Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Oran\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Azami_Holding_Hizlari\" >Azami Holding H\u0131zlar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Bazi_Tasarim_Degerleri_veya_Toleranslari_HPMA\" >Baz\u0131 Tasar\u0131m De\u011ferleri veya Toleranslar\u0131 (HPMA):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Yatis_Acisi_Degerleri-2\" >Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 De\u011ferleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Ruzgar-2\" >R\u00fczgar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Cesitli_Zamanlamalar-2\" >\u00c7e\u015fitli Zamanlamalar:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Bazi_FAA_Farkliliklari\" >Baz\u0131 FAA Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Outbound_Zamanlamalari-2\" >Outbound Zamanlamalar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Yatis_Acisi_Donus_Orani-3\" >Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Oran\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/holding-procedure-bekleme-proseduru-kurallari-icaofaa\/#Azami_Holding_Hizlari-2\" >Azami Holding H\u0131zlar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, &#8220;<em>Holding Procedure<\/em>&#8220;nin (Bekleme Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc) kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ve &#8220;<em>Holding Pattern<\/em>&#8220;inin (Bekleme Paterni) \u00f6zelliklerini anlataca\u011f\u0131z. <em>Holding<\/em> prosed\u00fcrlerinin yakla\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda <em>VOR<\/em>, <em>NDB<\/em> ile nas\u0131l u\u00e7ulaca\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r, bu farkl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Holding<\/em> paternleri, iki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ve iki d\u00fcz bacaktan olu\u015fan ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n turlamas\u0131na yarayan paternlerdir. Bir \u00e7ok ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131labilmektedirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ayr\u0131lan veya varan trafiklerin d\u00fczenlenmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilmektedirler. Mesela yo\u011fun var\u0131\u015f trafiklerini s\u0131raya sokmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilirler. Veya havada beklemesi gereken u\u00e7aklar <em>Holding<\/em>&#8216;e sokulabilir. Bu ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kimi zaman <em>SID<\/em>\/<em>STAR<\/em> prosed\u00fcrlerinde veya ayr\u0131yeten <em>Holding patern<\/em>&#8216;leri yay\u0131nlanabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca, geleneksel aletli yakla\u015fma prosed\u00fcrlerinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na da ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmas\u0131 halinde kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in genellikle <em>Holding patern<\/em>&#8216;i yerle\u015ftirilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; <em>MSA<\/em>&#8216;n\u0131n, yakla\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131n irtifas\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 durumunda u\u00e7ak, <em>MSA<\/em>&#8216;n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde <em>Holding<\/em>&#8216;e girip <em>Holding patern<\/em>&#8216;inde ihtiyac\u0131 kadar turlayarak irtifas\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131p yakla\u015fma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcne devam edebilir. Veya u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n geli\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fc, yakla\u015fma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcne kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in ters kal\u0131yorsa irtifas\u0131 tutsa bile yaz\u0131da anlat\u0131lan <em>Holding patern<\/em>&#8216;ine giri\u015f usulleri ile y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7evirip <em>Holding<\/em>&#8216;de daha fazla turlamadan yakla\u015fma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcne devam edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pas ge\u00e7me durumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de aletli yakla\u015fma prosed\u00fcrlerinin pas ge\u00e7me a\u015famas\u0131na holding konulabilmektedirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6NEML\u0130 UYARI:<\/strong> Yaz\u0131da, do\u011frudan uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmeyen; yaln\u0131zca tasar\u0131m esas\u0131 olarak verilen say\u0131sal de\u011ferler ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler, ek bilgilendirme amac\u0131yla sunulmu\u015ftur. Bu de\u011ferleri uygulamada uyulmas\u0131 gereken de\u011ferler olarak yorumlamay\u0131n\u0131z. (Baz\u0131 y\u00f6nergeler, tasar\u0131m esaslar\u0131na dolayl\u0131 olarak uyulmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirebilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnek Bir Holding:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109246c456&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109246c456\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"428\" height=\"377\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-30.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1343\" style=\"width:273px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-30.png 428w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-30-300x264.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 428px) 100vw, 428px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holdingin_Kurallari_ve_Ozellikleri\"><\/span>Holding&#8217;in Kurallar\u0131 ve \u00d6zellikleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holding_Paterninin_Kisimlari\"><\/span>Holding Paterninin K\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109246cb89&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109246cb89\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"651\" height=\"243\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1303\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-15.png 651w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-15-300x112.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I Figure II-6-1-1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Holding fix<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Holding<\/em> paterninin esas al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8220;<em>fix<\/em>&#8220;tir, <em>convantional<\/em> (geleneksel) <em>holding<\/em>&#8216;ler i\u00e7in bir <em>VOR<\/em>, <em>NDB<\/em> veya ba\u015fka bir yer tabanl\u0131 seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131 veya seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131ndan belli radyal \u00fczerinde belli bir <em>DME<\/em> mesafesi uzakl\u0131ktaki bir nokta olabilir. <em>RNAV<\/em> holdingler i\u00e7in bir <em>RNAV fix<\/em>&#8216;i olabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Holding side<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Inbound<\/em> bacak hizas\u0131ndan b\u00f6len do\u011frunun paternin bulundu\u011fu taraf\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Non-holding side<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Inbound<\/em> bacak hizas\u0131ndan b\u00f6len do\u011frunun paternin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Outbound leg<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;den sonraki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan <em>Abeam<\/em>&#8216;\u0131 ge\u00e7tikten sonra &#8220;<em>Outbound end<\/em>&#8220;e kadar olan bacak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Inbound leg<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Outbound end<\/em>&#8216;in bitiminden <em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;e kadar olan bacak.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Outbound end<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Outbound<\/em> bacaktan sonraki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong><em>Abeam<\/em>:<\/strong> <em>Holding fix<\/em> hizas\u0131nda ve <em>inbound<\/em> baca\u011fa dik \u00e7izgi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(Yorumlama.)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Donus_Yonu\"><\/span>D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Y\u00f6n\u00fc:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Burada bahsedilen durumlar sa\u011fdan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc <em>holding<\/em> paternleri i\u00e7indir. Soldan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc <em>holding<\/em> paternleri i\u00e7in ilgili giri\u015f ve <em>holding<\/em> prosed\u00fcrleri, <em>inbound track<\/em>&#8216;a g\u00f6re simetrik olur. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 1.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hiz\"><\/span>H\u0131z:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Holding<\/em> paternine tabloda belirtilen h\u0131zlarda veya alt\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r ve holding uygulan\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.1.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u0131zlar, IAS cinsindendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109246ecc6&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109246ecc6\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"619\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-13.png 727w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-13-300x255.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Bu de\u011ferler, azami h\u0131zlard\u0131r. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n k\u0131lavuzunda belirtilen en ekonomik <em>holding<\/em> h\u0131z\u0131 gibi daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011ferlerle de holding yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chartlarda_Belirtilen_Hiz_Kisitlamalari\"><\/span>Chart&#8217;larda Belirtilen H\u0131z K\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chart&#8217;larda belirtilmi\u015f bir h\u0131z k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 varsa \u00f6ncelikli olarak ona uyunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rnek h\u0131z k\u0131s\u0131tlamal\u0131 holding:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109246f44c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109246f44c\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"261\" height=\"181\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-29.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1342\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yatis_Acisi_Donus_Orani\"><\/span>Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Oran\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcm d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler, 25\u00b0 yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ya da 3\u00b0\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131 ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. Hangisi daha az yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 gerektiriyorsa (k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131yorsa). <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Genelde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck genel havac\u0131l\u0131k u\u00e7aklar\u0131, yava\u015f olduklar\u0131ndan 25\u00b0 yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015fmadan 3\u00b0\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131na rahatl\u0131kla ula\u015fabilirler. Bu y\u00fczden 3\u00b0\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131 ile d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapabilirler ve bu de\u011feri tutturmak i\u00e7in genellikle <em>Turn Coordinator<\/em> g\u00f6stergesinden yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Daha h\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar, 3\u00b0\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131n\u0131 tutturmak i\u00e7in 25\u00b0 yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekebilir hatta a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 fazla yatmalar\u0131 bile gerekebilir. Bu y\u00fczden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 giden u\u00e7aklarda 25\u00b0 yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 esas al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Outbound_Zamanlamalari\"><\/span>Outbound Zamanlamalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Durgun hava i\u00e7in, outbound zamanlamalar\u0131 \u015fu de\u011ferleri ge\u00e7memelidir, <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.9.1<\/sub> durgun hava i\u00e7in \u015fu zamanlama de\u011ferleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r: <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.3.1 k\u0131smen<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">14000 ft (4250 m) veya alt\u0131nda <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><em>bir<\/em><\/strong> dakika<\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">14000 ft (4250 m) \u00fcst\u00fcnde <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><em>bir bu\u00e7uk<\/em><\/strong> dakika<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Inbound<\/em> bacak, zaten belirli bir <em>holding fix<\/em>&#8216;inde sonland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;da zaman tutmaya ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Outbound_Zamanlamasinin_Baslangici\"><\/span>Outbound Zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131n Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Outbound<\/em> zamanlamas\u0131, <em>fix<\/em> veya <em>abeam<\/em>&#8216;da ba\u015flar, hangisi daha \u00f6nce olursa. <em>Abeam<\/em> konumu belirlenemiyorsa zamanlamaya <em>outbound<\/em>&#8216;a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f bitince ba\u015flay\u0131n. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.4<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bilinen_Ruzgar_Icin_Dogrultma\"><\/span>Bilinen R\u00fczgar \u0130\u00e7in Do\u011frultma:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pilot, <em>holding<\/em>&#8216;e giri\u015f ve <em>holding<\/em> s\u0131ras\u0131nda do\u011frultuyu (track) koruyabilmek i\u00e7in ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (<em>heading<\/em>) ve zamanlamalar i\u00e7in bilinen r\u00fczgara g\u00f6re do\u011frultma yapmal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.3<\/sub> Seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131ndan ve tahmini veya bilinen r\u00fczgardan elde edilen verilerden yararlan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.3.2 k\u0131smen<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/ruzgar-dogrultmasi-wind-correction\/\">R\u00fczgar Do\u011frultmas\u0131 Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Inbound bacakta genellikle yer tabanl\u0131 seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n rehberli\u011fi kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frultmak i\u00e7in hesap yapmaya gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DME_Mesafesi_ile_Sinirlanan_Outbound\"><\/span>DME Mesafesi ile S\u0131n\u0131rlanan Outbound:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I Figure II-6-1-1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>DME<\/em> mevcutsa, <em>outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu zaman yerine mesafe olarak belirtilebilir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.9.2<\/sub> E\u011fer <em>outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131 belirli bir <em>DME<\/em> mesafesi ile k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015fsa; <em>Outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131r <em>DME<\/em> mesafesine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sonlan\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.5<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092470280&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092470280\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"319\" height=\"322\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16.png 319w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16-297x300.png 297w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 319px) 100vw, 319px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sinirlayici_Radyal\"><\/span>S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 Radyal:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I Figure II-6-1-1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Holding fix ile <em>VOR\/DME<\/em> istasyonunun aras\u0131ndaki mesafenin k\u0131sa oldu\u011fu <em>holding<\/em> durumlar\u0131nda, bir s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 radyal belirtilebilir. Hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu durumlarda da s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 radyal belirtilebilir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.6.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 radyale s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 <em>DME<\/em> mesafesinden \u00f6nce ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa, <em>inbounda<\/em> d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ba\u015flat\u0131lana kadar bu radyal takip edilmelidir. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f en ge\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 <em>DME<\/em> mesafesine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.6.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092470e6c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092470e6c\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"326\" height=\"323\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1308\" style=\"width:326px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17.png 326w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ATC_Bildirimi\"><\/span>ATC Bildirimi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pilot; normal ko\u015fullarda herhangi bir sebepten \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc prosed\u00fcre uyam\u0131yorsa, ATC&#8217;ye olabildi\u011fince erken bildirmelidir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.1.7<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holdingden_Ayrilis\"><\/span>Holding&#8217;den Ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bekleme noktas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lma zaman\u0131n\u0131 belirten bir ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f izni al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pilot, holding&#8217;i beliritlen s\u00fcrede terk edebilmek i\u00e7in paterni uygulanan Holding&#8217;in s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ayarlamal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.3.3<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bazi_Tasarim_Degerleri_veya_Toleranslari\"><\/span>Baz\u0131 Tasar\u0131m De\u011ferleri veya Toleranslar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. II Table I-2-3-1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yatis_Acisi_Degerleri\"><\/span>Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 De\u011ferleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Conventional<\/em> ve <em>RNAV<\/em>: 25\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>RNP<\/em>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">FL245 alt\u0131: 23\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">FL245 \u00fcst\u00fc: 15\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Tam FL245 i\u00e7in de\u011fer verilmemi\u015f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler, 3\u00b0\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7meyecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ruzgar\"><\/span>R\u00fczgar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>ICAO standard wind<\/em> [ = 12 h + 87 km\/h (h in 1000 m) veya = 2 h + 47 kts (h in 1000 ft) ]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cesitli_Zamanlamalar\"><\/span>\u00c7e\u015fitli Zamanlamalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Bank establishment time<\/em>: 5 s (RNP: N\/A)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Pilot reaction time<\/em>: 6 s (RNP: N\/A)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Outbound<\/em> zamanlama tolarans\u0131: 10 s (RNP: N\/A)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Heading<\/em> tolerans\u0131: 5\u00b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RNAV_Holding\"><\/span>RNAV Holding:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Genel_Bilgiler\"><\/span>Genel Bilgiler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 3.1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Conventional holding kriterleri baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklik ve iyile\u015ftirmeler ile birlikte RNAV holdingler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">RNAV holding, g\u00fcvenli alan i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 kriterler kullan\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">RNAV holding tasar\u0131m kriterleri t\u00fcm RNAV tiplerini korur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RNAV_Holding_Paternine_Katilma\"><\/span>RNAV Holding Paternine Kat\u0131lma:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RNAV holding paternine kat\u0131lma, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece geleneksel holding ile ayn\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 3.5<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conventional_Geleneksel_Holdingin_RNAV_ile_Uculmasi\"><\/span>Conventional (Geleneksel) Holding&#8217;in RNAV ile U\u00e7ulmas\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/rnav-substitution-konvansiyonel-rota-ve-prosedurlerin-rnav-ile-uculmasi-icaoeasa\">RNAV Substitution<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holding_Paternine_Katilma_Sekilleri\"><\/span>Holding Paternine Kat\u0131lma \u015eekilleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holdinge_Katilma_Bolumleri_ve_Katilma_Sekilleri\"><\/span>Holdinge Kat\u0131lma B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve Kat\u0131lma \u015eekilleri.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holdinge_Katilma_Sektorleri\"><\/span>Holding&#8217;e Kat\u0131lma Sekt\u00f6rleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Holding paternine kat\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7in 3 kat\u0131l\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc belirlenmi\u015ftir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.2 k\u0131smen<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092473b33&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092473b33\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"604\" height=\"499\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-18.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-18.png 604w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-18-300x248.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sektor_Sinirlarinin_Toleransi\"><\/span>Sekt\u00f6r S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n Tolerans\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Bu alanlar, s\u0131n\u0131rlardan <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">her iki tarafa 5\u00b0 esneklik<\/span> sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.2 k\u0131smen<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Bu y\u00fczden tam iki sekt\u00f6r aras\u0131ndan gelindi\u011fi vakit her iki sekt\u00f6r giri\u015fi de uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sector_1_Entry_Parallel_Entry\"><\/span>Sector 1 Entry (Parallel Entry):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Fix<\/em> \u00fczerinde u\u00e7ak, uygun <em>outbound<\/em> zamanlamas\u0131na g\u00f6re sola do\u011fru <em>outbound<\/em> ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na (<em>heading<\/em>) d\u00f6ner. (Yani <em>fix<\/em>&#8216;den sonra d\u00f6n\u00fcp <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;a paralel ve ters y\u00f6ne u\u00e7ar.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">U\u00e7ak <em>holding side<\/em>&#8216;de <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;u yakalayacak \u015fekilde veya do\u011frudan fix&#8217;e u\u00e7acak \u015fekilde d\u00f6ner.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Holding fix&#8217;ine ikinci kez vard\u0131ktan sonra, u\u00e7ak sa\u011fdan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle holding paternini takip eder.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092474d48&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092474d48\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"804\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-parallel-3-1024x804.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3653\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-parallel-3-1024x804.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-parallel-3-300x236.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-parallel-3-768x603.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-parallel-3-1536x1206.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-parallel-3.png 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sector_2_Entry_Offset_Entry\"><\/span>Sector 2 Entry (Offset Entry):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Amerikan kaynaklar\u0131nda &#8220;<strong><em>Teardrop Entry<\/em><\/strong>&#8221; olarak da ge\u00e7mektedir. Bu isimlendirme, <em>ICAO PANS-OPS<\/em> i\u00e7erisinde yer almamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.5)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Fix<\/em> \u00fcxerinde u\u00e7ak, <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;un tersi ile 30\u00b0 a\u00e7\u0131 yaparak <em>holding side<\/em>&#8216;de iyi bir istikamete d\u00f6ner.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Sonras\u0131nda u\u00e7ak, <em>outbound<\/em>&#8216;u u\u00e7ar <em>outbound<\/em> zamanlamas\u0131\/<em>DME<\/em> mesafesi\/s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 radyal ve <em>DME<\/em> mesafesine g\u00f6re u\u00e7ar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">U\u00e7ak, sa\u011fdan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle <em>inbound track<\/em>&#8216;\u0131 yakalar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;ine ikinci kez vard\u0131ktan sonra, u\u00e7ak sa\u011fdan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle <em>holding<\/em> paternini takip eder.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092477a28&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092477a28\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"804\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-offset-1024x804.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3326\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-offset-1024x804.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-offset-300x236.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-offset-768x603.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-offset-1536x1206.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-offset.png 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sector_3_Entry_Direct_Entry\"><\/span>Sector 3 Entry (Direct Entry):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.6<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Fix<\/em>&#8216;e ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, u\u00e7ak sa\u011fdan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fle <em>holding<\/em> paternini takip eder.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247821e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247821e\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"804\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-direct-1024x804.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3344\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-direct-1024x804.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-direct-300x236.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-direct-768x603.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-direct-1536x1206.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/holding-direct.png 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DME_Arc_Entry\"><\/span>DME Arc Entry:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.7<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen yerlerde, <em>fix<\/em>&#8216;de <em>sector 1 entry<\/em> ya da <em>sector 3 entry<\/em>&#8216;den uygun olan ile <em>holding<\/em> paternine kat\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VORDME_Holding_Icin_Ozel_Katilma_Proseduru_Ozellikleri\"><\/span>VOR\/DME Holding \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6zel Kat\u0131lma Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc \u00d6zellikleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6zel kat\u0131lma prosed\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131lacaksa, giri\u015f radyali a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a verilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>VOR\/DME<\/em> <em>holding<\/em> paterni \u015fu \u015fekillerde olabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Inbound track<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n ekseni boyunca.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Yay\u0131nlanan bir track boyunca.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">U\u00e7ak \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f korumal\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f yollar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirildi\u011finde radar vekt\u00f6rleme yoluyla.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Giri\u015f noktas\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki iki se\u00e7enekten herhangi bir olabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>, bu durumda u\u00e7ak giri\u015f noktas\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler yoluyla ula\u015facakt\u0131r.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Inbound<\/em> bacak i\u00e7in <em>VOR<\/em> radyali.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;ini belirten bir <em>DME arc<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n biti\u015findeki bir <em>fix<\/em>, bu durumda noktas\u0131, <em>outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n biti\u015findeki <em>fix<\/em>&#8216;den ge\u00e7en bir <em>VOR<\/em> radyali anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NDB gibi ba\u015fka bir radyo seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ile de y\u00f6nlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris_noktasinin_Holding_Fix_oldugu_VORDME_Holdinglere_Ozel_Katilma_Cesitleri\"><\/span>Giri\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131n Holding Fix oldu\u011fu VOR\/DME Holding&#8217;lere \u00d6zel Kat\u0131lma \u00c7e\u015fitleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A\"><\/span>A)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247900f&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247900f\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"358\" height=\"209\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19.png 358w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19-300x175.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Inbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <em>VOR<\/em> radyali \u00fczerinden ve <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;la ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde olan var\u0131\u015flarda, kat\u0131lma <em>holding<\/em> paterninin takip edilmesiyle olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.8.5.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"B\"><\/span>B)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247975e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247975e\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"359\" height=\"213\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-21.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-21.png 359w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-21-300x178.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Inbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <em>VOR<\/em> radyali \u00fczerinden ve <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;an kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6nden olan var\u0131\u015flarda, kat\u0131lma \u015fu \u015fekilde olur: <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.8.5.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Fix<\/em> \u00fczerinde u\u00e7ak, <em>holding side<\/em> taraf\u0131nda <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;un tersi ile 30\u00b0 a\u00e7\u0131 yapan do\u011frultuda, <em>outbound<\/em>&#8216;u s\u0131n\u0131rlayan <em>DME<\/em> mesafesine kadar ilerler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Bu noktada, <em>inbound<\/em> do\u011frultusunu yakalamak i\u00e7in d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 radyalli <em>VOR\/DME<\/em> <em>holding<\/em>&#8216;inin seyr\u00fcsfere yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131ndan uzakta oldu\u011fu durumlarda u\u00e7ak, e\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 radyal ile s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 <em>DME<\/em> measefinden \u00f6nce kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsa, <em>outbound<\/em> s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 <em>DME<\/em> mesafesine gelene kadar d\u00f6n\u00fcp radyali takip edecektir. Sonras\u0131nda <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;a d\u00f6n\u00fcp yakalar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"C\"><\/span>C)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247a1e6&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247a1e6\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"326\" height=\"323\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17.png 326w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-17-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;inin <em>DME arc<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan belirlendi\u011fi <em>non-holding side<\/em>&#8216;dan gelen var\u0131\u015flarda, kat\u0131lma \u015fu \u015fekilde olur: <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.8.5.3<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;ine var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7ak, <em>outbound<\/em>&#8216;a parelel ve ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u00fc do\u011frultuya d\u00f6ner ve takip eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">U\u00e7ak, <em>outbound<\/em> <em>DME<\/em> s\u0131n\u0131r mesafesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, u\u00e7ak <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;a d\u00f6ner ve yakalar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"D\"><\/span>D)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247ab56&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247ab56\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"726\" height=\"245\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25.png 726w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25-300x101.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 726px) 100vw, 726px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Turning point<\/em>&#8216;li <em>(TP)<\/em> giri\u015f. (Bu giri\u015fin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131, <em>PANS-OPS Vol. I<\/em>&#8216;de yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"E-F-G\"><\/span>E-F-G)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247d1e0&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247d1e0\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"361\" height=\"208\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20.png 361w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20-300x173.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad109247f733&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad109247f733\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"362\" height=\"213\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-22.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-22.png 362w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-22-300x177.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 362px) 100vw, 362px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924800bb&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924800bb\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"361\" height=\"212\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-24.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-24.png 361w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-24-300x176.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;inin <em>DME arc<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan belirlendi\u011fi <em>holding side<\/em>&#8216;dan gelen var\u0131\u015flarda, kat\u0131lma \u015fu \u015fekilde olur: <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.2.8.5.4<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding fix<\/em>&#8216;ine var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7ak, <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;a paralel ve ters y\u00f6nl\u00fc do\u011frultuya d\u00f6ner ve takip eder. U\u00e7ak, <em>outbound<\/em> <em>DME<\/em> s\u0131n\u0131r mesafesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, u\u00e7ak <em>inbound<\/em>&#8216;a d\u00f6ner ve yakalar. <strong>(E)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Giri\u015f noktas\u0131 <em>outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sonundaki <em>fix<\/em> ise var\u0131\u015f, <em>outbound fix<\/em>&#8216;inden ge\u00e7en <em>VOR<\/em> radyali boyunca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. <em>Outbound<\/em> baca\u011f\u0131n sonundaki <em>fix<\/em>&#8216;e var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, u\u00e7ak <em>holding<\/em> paternine d\u00f6ner ve takip eder. <strong>(F-G)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Engel_Acikligi\"><\/span>Engel A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcvenli alan hesaplamalar\u0131, <em>PANS-OPS Vol. II<\/em>&#8216;de anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131z <em>AIM<\/em> uzmanlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok pilotlara y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in <em>PANS-OPS Vol. I<\/em>&#8216;deki anlat\u0131mlar kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holding_Area\"><\/span>Holding Area:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Holding area<\/em> (holding alan\u0131), <em>basic holding area<\/em> (temel holding alan\u0131) ve <em>entry area<\/em> (kat\u0131lma alan\u0131)&#8217;y\u0131 kapsar. Temel holding alan\u0131, belli bir seviyede, <em>holding<\/em> paterni i\u00e7in gerekli aland\u0131r. U\u00e7ak h\u0131z\u0131, r\u00fczgar etkisi, zamanlama hatalar\u0131, <em>holding fix<\/em> karakteristi\u011fi gibi etkenler g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulur. Kat\u0131lma alan\u0131 ise kat\u0131lma prosed\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in gerekli aland\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.4.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buffer_Area\"><\/span>Buffer Area:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ek <em>buffer area<\/em> (tampon b\u00f6lge), <em>holding<\/em> alan\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan 5 NM (9.3 km) ta\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Tampon b\u00f6lgedeki \u00f6nemli engeller, <em>minimum holding level<\/em>&#8216;in belirlenmesinde g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulur. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.4.2.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Helikopter <em>holding<\/em> prosed\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in, tampon b\u00f6lge 2 NM (3.7 km) geni\u015fli\u011finde olup sadece 6000 ft (1830 m) alt\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.4.2.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Minimum_Holding_Level\"><\/span>Minimum Holding Level:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092482106&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092482106\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"518\" height=\"464\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26.png 518w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26-300x269.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asgari izin verilebilir holding level, holding alan\u0131nda engellerden 984 ft (300 m), 5 NM tampon b\u00f6lgede 197 ft (60 m) engel a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.4.3<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yuksek_Arazi_veya_Daglik_Alanlarda_Engel_Acikligi\"><\/span>Y\u00fcksek Arazi veya Da\u011fl\u0131k Alanlarda Engel A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y\u00fcksek arazi veya da\u011fl\u0131k alanlarda; t\u00fcrb\u00fclans etkisi, alitmetre performans\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen down draftlar ve di\u011fer meteorolojik fenomenler g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak 1969 ft&#8217;ye (600 m) kadar ek engel a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. I 2.4.4<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Minimum_Holding_Altitude_MHA\"><\/span>Minimum Holding Altitude (MHA):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Holding paterninin uygulanabilece\u011fi asgari irtifa. Chartlar&#8217;da belirtilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Havacilik_Yayinlarinda_Gosterimi\"><\/span>Havac\u0131l\u0131k Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AIP_GEN_17_Differences_from_ICAO_Standards_Recommended_Practices_and_Procedures_Bolumu\"><\/span>AIP GEN 1.7 <em>Differences from ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures<\/em> B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Di\u011fer konularda da olabilece\u011fi gibi e\u011fer holding ile alakal\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131klar varsa farkl\u0131l\u0131klar, farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu ilgili b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve madde numaralar\u0131 ile listelenmi\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AIP_ENR_15_Holding_Approach_and_Departure_Procedures_Bolumu\"><\/span>AIP <em>ENR 1.5 Holding, Approach and Departure Procedures<\/em> B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, holding prosed\u00fcrlerinin <em>PANS-OPS<\/em> ile uyumlu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, varsa farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 yer alabilir. <em>PANS-OPS<\/em> ile uyumlu olsa bile yine de holding ile alakal\u0131 baz\u0131 bilgiler aynen aktar\u0131larak verilmi\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AIP_ENR_36_En-route_Holding_Bolumu\"><\/span>AIP <em>ENR 3.6 En-route Holding<\/em> B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO PANS-AIM App. 2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En-route holding prosed\u00fcrlerinin detayl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 bulunur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding<\/em> tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (mevcutsa) ve co\u011frafi koordinat\u0131 derece-dakika-saniye ile belirtilen holding fix&#8217;i (seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131) veya waypoint.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Inbound track<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Azami <em>IAS<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Asgari ve azami <em>holding level<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Outbound<\/em> zamanlamas\u0131\/mesafesi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Kontrol eden birimin tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve i\u015fletim frekans\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rnek AIP ENR 3.6 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Sayfas\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092483c2e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092483c2e\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1334\" style=\"width:450px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-1448x2048.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding-1024x1448.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ENR-3-6-En-route-holding.jpg 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HOLD_Charti_Turkiye\"><\/span><em>HOLD<\/em> Chart&#8217;\u0131 (T\u00fcrkiye):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Havaliman\u0131 \u00e7evresinde bekleme yap\u0131labilecek <em>holding<\/em>&#8216;leri g\u00f6steren chartlar yay\u0131nlanabilir. &#8220;<em>HOLD<\/em>&#8221; t\u00fcr\u00fc chart, \u00fclkemizde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6rnekleri bulunsa da g\u00fcncel <em>ICAO PANS-AIM<\/em> i\u00e7erisinde yer almamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092484930&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092484930\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1333\" style=\"width:450px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-1448x2048.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart-1024x1448.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-HOLD-Holding-Chart.jpg 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Holding_Iceren_Bazi_Diger_Chart_Ornekleri\"><\/span>Holding \u0130\u00e7eren Baz\u0131 Di\u011fer Chart \u00d6rnekleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Holding, <em>IAP<\/em>, <em>SID<\/em>, <em>STAR<\/em> gibi prosed\u00fcrlerde kullan\u0131labildi\u011fi i\u00e7in haliyle bu prosed\u00fcrlerin chart&#8217;lar\u0131nda da yer alabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092486b8d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092486b8d\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-1448x2048.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-1024x1448.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-STAR-04-Standart-Arrival-Chart-Instrument-scaled.jpg 1811w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924871aa&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924871aa\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-1448x2048.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart-1024x1448.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/LTAI-IAC-01-Instrument-Approach-Chart.jpg 1654w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MIPS_Farkliliklari\"><\/span>MIPS Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-2\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>MIPS<\/em> kriterlerini belirten ilgili<em> NATO STANAG<\/em> k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131, ICAO <em>PANS-OPS<\/em> ve di\u011fer ICAO k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131na ek olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, bahsedilen farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ve eklemeler haricinde ICAO kriterleri ge\u00e7erli olmaktad\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fl\u0131kta; <em>CAT A, B, C, D, E, H<\/em> u\u00e7ak kategorilerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 veya tamam\u0131 i\u00e7in bir de\u011fer belirtilmediyse, ICAO k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131nda belirtilen de\u011ferler ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yatis_Acisi_Donus_Orani-2\"><\/span>Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Oran\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">30\u00b0 veya 3<strong>\u00b0<\/strong>\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131. (Hangisi daha az yat\u0131\u015f gerektiriyorsa.) <sub>NATO AATCP-1 5.1.3<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Azami_Holding_Hizlari\"><\/span>Azami Holding H\u0131zlar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>HPMA<\/em> kategorisi i\u00e7in:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">300 kt (555 km\/h) <sub>NATO AATCP-1 5.1.3<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bazi_Tasarim_Degerleri_veya_Toleranslari_HPMA\"><\/span>Baz\u0131 Tasar\u0131m De\u011ferleri veya Toleranslar\u0131 (<em>HPMA<\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(NATO AATCP-1 5.1.3)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yatis_Acisi_Degerleri-2\"><\/span>Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 De\u011ferleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">30\u00b0 yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler, 3\u00b0\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7meyecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ruzgar-2\"><\/span>R\u00fczgar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>ICAO standard wind<\/em> [ = 12 h + 87 km\/h (h in 1000 m) veya = 2 h + 47 kts (h in 1000 ft) ]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cesitli_Zamanlamalar-2\"><\/span>\u00c7e\u015fitli Zamanlamalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Bank establishment time<\/em>: 5 s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Pilot reaction time<\/em>: 3 s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Outbound<\/em> zamanlama tolarans\u0131: 10 s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><em>Heading<\/em> tolerans\u0131: 5\u00b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bazi_FAA_Farkliliklari\"><\/span>Baz\u0131 FAA Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Outbound_Zamanlamalari-2\"><\/span>Outbound Zamanlamalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zamanlamalar, <em>ICAO<\/em> ile ayn\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yatis_Acisi_Donus_Orani-3\"><\/span>Yat\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Oran\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(US AIM April 20 2023)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>RNAV<\/em> yanal k\u0131lavuzunun kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyen <em>holding<\/em>&#8216;ler i\u00e7in, giri\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve holding s\u0131ras\u0131nda t\u00fcm d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler \u015fu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131 veya yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r. (Hangisi en yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 gerektiriyorsa)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">3<strong>\u00b0<\/strong>\/s d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">30<strong>\u00b0<\/strong> yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">25<strong>\u00b0<\/strong> u\u00e7u\u015f direkt\u00f6r\u00fc sistemi taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan yat\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Azami_Holding_Hizlari-2\"><\/span>Azami Holding H\u0131zlar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(US TERPS)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Increased Airspeed Holding Operations H\u0131zlar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092488569&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092488569\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"342\" height=\"111\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27.png 342w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27-300x97.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 342px) 100vw, 342px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Not:<\/strong> ABD Hava Kuvvetleri havaalanlar\u0131nda, maksimum holding hava h\u0131z\u0131 aksi belirtilmedik\u00e7e 310 <em>KIAS<\/em>&#8216;t\u0131r. ABD Deniz Kuvvetleri havaalanlar\u0131nda, maksimum holding hava h\u0131z\u0131 aksi belirtilmedik\u00e7e 230 <em>KIAS<\/em>&#8216;t\u0131r. artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hava h\u0131z\u0131 <em>holding<\/em>&#8216;i i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ortak kullan\u0131m havaalanlar\u0131nda, prosed\u00fcrlerin belirtilmesi gerekmektedir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc askeri hava h\u0131zlar\u0131 uygun de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Operasyonel olarak gerekli oldu\u011funda, prosed\u00fcrde k\u0131s\u0131tlama belirtilmi\u015fse sivil <em>holding<\/em> paternlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki h\u0131zlarla s\u0131n\u0131rlan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad1092489247&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad1092489247\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"629\" height=\"162\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-28.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-28.png 629w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-28-300x77.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac.png 600w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac-300x1.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac-150x1.png 150w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac-590x1.png 590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ana Kaynaklar:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">ICAO Doc 8168 PANS-OPS Vol. I (6th Ed., Amend. 10)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">ICAO Doc 8168 PANS-OPS Vol. II (7th Ed., Corr. 2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">ICAO Doc 10066 PANS-AIM (1st Ed., Amend. 1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">NATO AATCP-1 Supplement to ICAO DOC 8168 VOLUME II (June 2017)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">US TERPS (8260.3E CHG1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcncellemeler:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">9 A\u011fustos 2024\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>MIPS<\/em> kriterleri eklendi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Baz\u0131 tasar\u0131m esaslar\u0131 eklendi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">6 Ocak 2025\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Havac\u0131l\u0131k yay\u0131nlar\u0131 ile alakal\u0131 bilgiler g\u00fcncellendi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">19 Ocak 2025\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Holding pattern<\/em> giri\u015flerine yeni g\u00f6rseller eklendi ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">6 Temmuz 2025\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><em>Parallel entry<\/em> g\u00f6rseli d\u00fczeltildi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">26 Haziran 2026\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Giri\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne uyar\u0131 eklendi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ayr\u0131ca Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/ruzgar-dogrultmasi-wind-correction\/\">R\u00fczgar Do\u011frultmas\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/racetrack-ve-reversal-procedure-icao\/\">Racetrack ve Reversal Prosed\u00fcrleri<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/rnav-substitution-konvansiyonel-rota-ve-prosedurlerin-rnav-ile-uculmasi-icaoeasa\">RNAV Substitution<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/hava-araci-yaklasma-kategorileri-icao-faa\/\">U\u00e7ak Kategorileri<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giri\u015f: Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, &#8220;Holding Procedure&#8220;nin (Bekleme Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc) kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ve &#8220;Holding<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1320,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,29],"tags":[352,354,546,153,348,344,341,165,350,345,353,351,349,347,343,342,346],"class_list":["post-1295","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aletli-ucus","category-aletli-ucus-prosedurleri","tag-bekleme-paterni","tag-bekleme-proseduru","tag-beklemeye-giris-usulleri","tag-chart","tag-direct-entry","tag-entry","tag-hold","tag-holding","tag-holding-altitude","tag-holding-entry","tag-holding-nedir","tag-holding-pattern","tag-obstacle-clearance","tag-offset-entry","tag-procedure-turn","tag-racetrack","tag-teardrop-entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Holding Procedure Kurallar\u0131 ve \u00d6zellikleri [ICAO + Biraz 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