{"id":2589,"date":"2024-07-31T14:15:27","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T11:15:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/?p=2589"},"modified":"2025-10-14T11:27:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T08:27:52","slug":"radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Radyo Seyr\u00fcsefer Sistemleri #4 &#8211; VOR Sistemleri (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler:<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Bu_Yazi_Dizisi_Hakkinda\" >Bu Yaz\u0131 Dizisi Hakk\u0131nda:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Bolumler\" >B\u00f6l\u00fcmler:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Giris\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_VHF_Omnidirectional_Radio_Range_Ozellikleri\" >VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range) \u00d6zellikleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Diger_Cihazlarla_Yerlesimine_Gore_Istasyon_Cesitleri\" >Di\u011fer Cihazlarla Yerle\u015fimine G\u00f6re \u0130stasyon \u00c7e\u015fitleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Yapisina_Gore_VOR_Cesitleri\" >Yap\u0131s\u0131na G\u00f6re VOR \u00c7e\u015fitleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Frekans_Araligi_ve_Tahsisi\" >Frekans Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tahsisi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Istasyon_Tanitma_Kodu_ve_Ses_Yayini_Ozellikleri\" >\u0130stasyon Tan\u0131tma Kodu ve Ses Yay\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6zellikleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VORlarda_Tanimlama_Kodu_ve_Ses_Yayini\" >VOR&#8217;larda Tan\u0131mlama Kodu ve Ses Yay\u0131n\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Istasyon_Tanimlama_Kodu_ve_Ses_Yayinin_Teknik_Detaylari\" >\u0130stasyon Tan\u0131mlama Kodu ve Ses Yay\u0131n\u0131n Teknik Detaylar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR-DMEnin_Kod_Yayininin_Isleyisi\" >VOR-DME&#8217;nin Kod Yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Ornek_Ses_Tonu_ve_Kod_Yayini\" >\u00d6rnek Ses Tonu ve Kod Yay\u0131n\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VORlarin_Kapsama_Alani\" >VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n Kapsama Alan\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Kapsama_Alani_ile_Ilgili_Genel_Bilgiler\" >Kapsama Alan\u0131 ile \u0130lgili Genel Bilgiler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Orijinal_Kapsama_Alanlari_ve_Siniflari_FAA\" >Orijinal Kapsama Alanlar\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 (FAA):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Yeni_Kapsama_Alanlari_ve_Siniflari_FAA\" >Yeni Kapsama Alanlar\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 (FAA):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Kapsama_Alani_Mesafesinin_Havacilik_Yayinlarinda_Belirtilmesi_ICAO\" >Kapsama Alan\u0131 Mesafesinin Havac\u0131l\u0131k Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda Belirtilmesi (ICAO):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Tahditli_Alanlar\" >Tahditli Alanlar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Elevation_Angle_Dikey_Aci\" >Elevation Angle (Dikey A\u00e7\u0131):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Cone_of_AmbigutyConfusion_Karisiklik_Konisi\" >Cone of Ambiguty\/Confusion [Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k Konisi]:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Sistem_Toleransi\" >Sistem Tolerans\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Hata_Algilama\" >Hata Alg\u0131lama:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Guc_Beslemesi\" >G\u00fc\u00e7 Beslemesi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_ile_Alakali_Gostergeler_ve_Basitce_Kullanimi\" >VOR ile Alakal\u0131 G\u00f6stergeler ve Basit\u00e7e Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Ucaktaki_alici_anten\" >U\u00e7aktaki al\u0131c\u0131 anten:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_Radyalleri_ve_Course_Ayari\" >VOR Radyalleri ve Course Ayar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Station_Declination_Istasyonel_Sapma\" >Station Declination [\u0130stasyonel Sapma]:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#HSI_ve_CDI_Gostergeleri\" >HSI ve CDI G\u00f6stergeleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#CDI_Course_Deviation_Indicator_Gostergesi\" >CDI (Course Deviation Indicator) G\u00f6stergesi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#HSI_Horizontal_Situation_Indicator_Gostergesi\" >HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) G\u00f6stergesi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Ibrenin_Sapma_Miktari_ve_noktalar\" >\u0130brenin Sapma Miktar\u0131 ve noktalar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#TOFROM_Gostergesi\" >TO\/FROM G\u00f6stergesi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#RMI_Radio_Magnetic_Indicator_Gostergesi\" >RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator) G\u00f6stergesi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Diger_Gostergeler\" >Di\u011fer G\u00f6stergeler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Basit_Gosterge_Kullanimi_Ornekleri\" >Basit G\u00f6sterge Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00d6rnekleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Giris-2\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#HSI_ile_Radyal_Tutma_Ornegi\" >HSI ile Radyal Tutma \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#CDI_ile_Radyal_Tutma_Ornegi\" >CDI ile Radyal Tutma \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#RMI_ile_Istasyonun_Yonunu_Bulma_Ornegi\" >RMI ile \u0130stasyonun Y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc Bulma \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Ucus_Oncesi_VOR_Kontrolu_Icin_Kullanilabilir_Yontemler\" >U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi VOR Kontrol\u00fc \u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131labilir Y\u00f6ntemler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Giris-3\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_Aerodrome_Checkpoint\" >VOR Aerodrome Checkpoint:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Giris-4\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Yerlesim_Nicelikleri\" >Yerle\u015fim Nicelikleri<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Hassasiyet\" >Hassasiyet:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Checkpoint_Isaretlemesi\" >Checkpoint \u0130\u015faretlemesi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Checkpoint_Levhasi\" >Checkpoint Levhas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#AIP_Yayinlarinda_veya_ICAO_Chartlarda_Belirtilmesi\" >AIP Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda veya ICAO Chartlar&#8217;da Belirtilmesi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_Aerodrome_Checkpoint%E2%80%98lerin_Kullanimi\" >VOR Aerodrome Checkpoint&#8216;lerin Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_Airborne_Checkpoint_FAA\" >VOR Airborne Checkpoint (FAA):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOT_VOR_Airborne_Equipment_Test_Facility\" >VOT (VOR Airborne Equipment Test Facility):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Giris-5\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOTun_Calismasi_ve_Kullanimi\" >VOT&#8217;un \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Tanimlama_Kodu\" >Tan\u0131mlama Kodu:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Sistem_Toleransi-2\" >Sistem Tolerans\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Kapsama_Alani\" >Kapsama Alan\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Hata_Algilama-2\" >Hata Alg\u0131lama:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_VHF_Omnidirectional_Radio_Range_Calisma_Prensibi\" >VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Giris-6\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Deniz_Feneri_Benzetmesi_Analojisi\" >Deniz Feneri Benzetmesi (Analojisi):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Conventional_VOR_CVOR_Calisma_Prensibi\" >Conventional VOR (CVOR) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Referans_sinyali\" >Referans sinyali:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Degisken_sinyal\" >De\u011fi\u015fken sinyal:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_Sinyallerinin_Cozumlenmesi\" >VOR Sinyallerinin \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Doppler_VOR_DVOR_Calisma_Prensibi\" >Doppler VOR (DVOR) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Referans_Sinyal\" >Referans Sinyal:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Degisken_Sinyal\" >De\u011fi\u015fken Sinyal:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Alicinin_Hem_CVOR_Hem_de_DVOR_ile_Uyumlu_Olmasi\" >Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Hem CVOR Hem de DVOR ile Uyumlu Olmas\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_Sinyallerinin_Spektrum_Grafiginde_ve_Osiloskopta_Incelenmesi\" >VOR Sinyallerinin Spektrum Grafi\u011finde ve Osiloskopta \u0130ncelenmesi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#VOR_ile_Alakali_Diger_Bilgiler\" >VOR ile Alakal\u0131 Di\u011fer Bilgiler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Mobil_VOR_Istasyonu\" >Mobil VOR \u0130stasyonu:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Mobil_VOR_Cihazi\" >Mobil VOR Cihaz\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Mobil_VOR_Icin_Tasarlanmis_Gecici_Chart_Ornekleri\" >Mobil VOR \u0130\u00e7in Tasarlanm\u0131\u015f Ge\u00e7ici Chart \u00d6rnekleri:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/#Amerikadaki_VOR_MON_Minimum_Operational_Network_Agi\" >Amerikada&#8217;ki VOR MON (Minimum Operational Network) A\u011f\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_Yazi_Dizisi_Hakkinda\"><\/span>Bu Yaz\u0131 Dizisi Hakk\u0131nda:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yaz\u0131 dizimizde; havac\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lan radyo seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitleri, teknik \u00f6zellikleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensipleri ve u\u00e7akta bulunan ilgili aletlerin i\u015fleyi\u015fi, kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi konular ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r. Aletli u\u00e7u\u015f prosed\u00fcrlerinin bu radyo seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak nas\u0131l u\u00e7ulaca\u011f\u0131 bu yaz\u0131 dizisinde yer almayacakt\u0131r, bunun i\u00e7in aletli u\u00e7u\u015f ile ilgili yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca, aletli yakla\u015fmalarda kullan\u0131lan radyo seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kalk\u0131\u015f ve ini\u015f minimalar\u0131na ne kadar etki etti\u011fi [Aerodrome Operating Minimums (AOM)], bu yaz\u0131 dizisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda farkl\u0131 yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bolumler\"><\/span>B\u00f6l\u00fcmler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-1-genel-bilgiler\/\">Genel Bilgiler<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-2-ndb-ve-adf-sistemleri\/\">NDB ve ADF Sistemleri<\/a> (Non-directional Radio Beacon, <em>Automatic Direction-finding Equipment<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DME Sistemleri (Distance Measuring Equipment)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/\">VOR Sistemleri<\/a> (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ILS Sistemleri (Instrument Landing System)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-6-marker-beacon-sistemleri\/\">Marker Beacon Sistemleri<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yer Tabanl\u0131 DF Sistemleri (Direction Finding)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MLS Sistemleri (Microwave Landing System)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TACAN Sistemleri (UHF Tactical Air Navigation Aid)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Di\u011fer Baz\u0131  Radyo Seyr\u00fcsefer Yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-613\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22.png 600w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22-300x1.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22-150x1.png 150w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22-590x1.png 590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range)<\/em>, aletli u\u00e7u\u015fta yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. <em>VOR<\/em>, 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda ICAO taraf\u0131ndan standart k\u0131sa menzilli seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Seyir, ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f, var\u0131\u015f, yakla\u015fma gibi pek \u00e7ok u\u00e7u\u015f safhas\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir. VOR cihaz\u0131 sayesinde u\u00e7ak, istasyona g\u00f6re y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc bulabilir, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak istasyon \u00fczerinde istedi\u011fi bir radyali tutarak d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir veya istasyonun u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re hangi y\u00f6nde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilebilir. VOR istasyonuyla birlikte <em>DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)<\/em> cihaz\u0131 da kurulursa DME arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mesafe bilgisi de elde edilebilir. Ayr\u0131ca RNAV sistemleri, konum do\u011frultmak amac\u0131yla VOR\/VOR veya VOR\/DME g\u00fcncellemeleri de kullanabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_VHF_Omnidirectional_Radio_Range_Ozellikleri\"><\/span>VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range) \u00d6zellikleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diger_Cihazlarla_Yerlesimine_Gore_Istasyon_Cesitleri\"><\/span>Di\u011fer Cihazlarla Yerle\u015fimine G\u00f6re \u0130stasyon \u00c7e\u015fitleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genelde havac\u0131l\u0131k otoritelerine geneline g\u00f6re, VOR&#8217;un di\u011fer cihazlarla birlikte yerle\u015fimine g\u00f6re chart&#8217;larda vs. belirtebilmek amac\u0131yla \u015fu \u015fekilde isimlendirmeler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ICAO K\u0131saltmalar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>VOR:<\/strong> Yal\u0131n VOR<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>VOR-DME:<\/strong> DME ile birlikte konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f VOR<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>VORTAC:<\/strong> TACAN ile birlikte konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f VOR (DME de bulunabilir)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antalya eski LRA VOR-DME (DVOR, DME birlikte konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8657343&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8657343\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"860\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20220426_084921-1-1024x860.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20220426_084921-1-1024x860.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20220426_084921-1-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20220426_084921-1-768x645.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20220426_084921-1-1536x1290.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20220426_084921-1-2048x1720.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0130stanbul (IST) VORTAC (TACAN, DVOR, DME birlikte konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865850f&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865850f\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"964\" height=\"796\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20231125_160217.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20231125_160217.jpg 964w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20231125_160217-300x248.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_20231125_160217-768x634.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 964px) 100vw, 964px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yapisina_Gore_VOR_Cesitleri\"><\/span>Yap\u0131s\u0131na G\u00f6re VOR \u00c7e\u015fitleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re iki \u00e7e\u015fit VOR cihaz\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r: <em>Conventional VOR (CVOR)<\/em> ve <em>Doppler VOR (DVOR)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genelde DVOR&#8217;lar CVOR&#8217;lara g\u00f6re daha iyi hassasiyet sunmaktad\u0131r, daha az <em>site error<\/em> olu\u015ftururlar. Yap\u0131sal olarak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekilleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar bulunur ama u\u00e7ak taraf\u0131ndan ayn\u0131 sinyal al\u0131nacak \u015fekilde yay\u0131n yaparlar ve bu y\u00fczden bir VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 her ikisiyle de uyumludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genelde, chart&#8217;larda bir VOR istasyonunun CVOR veya DVOR oldu\u011fu pek belirtilmese de <em>AIP<\/em> yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda belirtilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CVOR ve DVOR&#8217;lar, daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conventional VOR (CVOR):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8659232&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8659232\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72.png 2048w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-1536x1152.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ZabMilenko, CC BY 3.0 <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\">https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0<\/a>, via Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Doppler VOR (DVOR):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8659a0e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8659a0e\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-71.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-71.png 900w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-71-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-71-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Yaoleilei, CC BY-SA 2.0 <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\">https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0<\/a>, via Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frekans_Araligi_ve_Tahsisi\"><\/span>Frekans Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tahsisi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR sinyalleri, <em>yatay polarize<\/em>dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Frekans aral\u0131klar\u0131 ve kanal geni\u015flikleri i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-1-genel-bilgiler\/\">Radyo Seyr\u00fcsefer Sistemleri #1 &#8211; Genel Bilgiler<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Istasyon_Tanitma_Kodu_ve_Ses_Yayini_Ozellikleri\"><\/span>\u0130stasyon Tan\u0131tma Kodu ve Ses Yay\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6zellikleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VORlarda_Tanimlama_Kodu_ve_Ses_Yayini\"><\/span>VOR&#8217;larda Tan\u0131mlama Kodu ve Ses Yay\u0131n\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR&#8217;larda da di\u011fer radyo seyr\u00fcsefer cihazlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, do\u011fru istasyona ba\u011fl\u0131 olunup olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teyit etmek amac\u0131yla tan\u0131mlama kodu yay\u0131nlanmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bazen bilgilendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131 ses yay\u0131n\u0131 da bulunabilir. Mors kodu, di\u011fer cihazlarda da oldu\u011fu gibi sesin mod\u00fcle edilmesiyle g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Istasyon_Tanimlama_Kodu_ve_Ses_Yayinin_Teknik_Detaylari\"><\/span>\u0130stasyon Tan\u0131mlama Kodu ve Ses Yay\u0131n\u0131n Teknik Detaylar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tan\u0131mlama kodu 2 ya da 3 harfli, dakikada yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 kelime h\u0131z\u0131nda Uluslararas\u0131 Mors Kodu ile iletilmelidir. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.3.6.5<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tan\u0131mlama kodu her 30 saniyelik d\u00f6ng\u00fcde bir iletilir. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.3.6.5<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tavsiye: Tan\u0131mlama kodunun 30 saniyelik d\u00f6ng\u00fc i\u00e7erisine e\u015fit aral\u0131klarla en az 3 defa g\u00f6nderilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir. Bu tan\u0131mlamalardan bir tanesi s\u00f6zl\u00fc olabilir. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.3.6.5.1<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Konu\u015fma yay\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlan\u0131rken temel seyr\u00fcsefer \u00f6zelliklerini bozmamal\u0131 ve konu\u015fma yay\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlan\u0131rken, tan\u0131mlama kodu bast\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.3.6.7<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tan\u0131mlama i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak olan mod\u00fcle edilen ses tonunun frekans de\u011feri 1020\u00b150 Hz&#8217;dir. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.3.6.5<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Konu\u015fma yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n frekans\u0131, 300 Hz ile 3000 Hz aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.3.6.3<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR-DMEnin_Kod_Yayininin_Isleyisi\"><\/span>VOR-DME&#8217;nin Kod Yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> Radyo Seyr\u00fcsefer Sistemleri #3 &#8211; DME Sistemleri (Distance Measuring Equipment)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">E\u011fer VOR ile birlikte DME bulunuyorsa; DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodu yay\u0131n\u0131, kendi \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak \u00fczere VOR ile DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodu yay\u0131nlama s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde ayarlan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodu ilgili oldu\u011fu VOR ile ayn\u0131 olur. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.5.3.6.4 a K\u0131smen<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Her 40 saniyelik d\u00f6ng\u00fc, 4 veya daha fazla aral\u0131\u011fa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr, DME transponderi, tek bir aral\u0131kta tan\u0131mlama kodunu g\u00f6nderir; VOR ise di\u011fer kalan aral\u0131klarda tan\u0131mlama kodu g\u00f6nderir. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 vol 1 3.5.3.6.4 b<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT: <\/strong>Baz\u0131 u\u00e7aklar\u0131n ses kontrol panelinden navigasyon radyosunun sesi a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ayn\u0131 anda VHF seyr\u00fcsefer al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile DME al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda dinlenmektedir, baz\u0131 radyolarda ise VHF al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile DME al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n seslerini ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 a\u00e7abilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bir VOR-DME&#8217;nin frekans\u0131n\u0131 girip sadece VHF al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sesini a\u00e7arsan\u0131z, DME&#8217;nin kod g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi aral\u0131kta VOR kod g\u00f6ndermeyece\u011fi i\u00e7in bir aral\u0131k sessiz olur, tam tersi \u015fekilde sadece DME&#8217;yi dinlerseniz t\u00fcm d\u00f6ng\u00fcde sadece bir aral\u0131k DME kodunu duyars\u0131n\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 anda VHF al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve DME al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dinlerseniz, t\u00fcm kodlar\u0131 duyabilirsiniz. Ayn\u0131 anda dinlerken VOR ile DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodlar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rt edebilmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc VOR&#8217;un tan\u0131mlama kodu 1020 Hz tonunda olup DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodu 1350 pps (suni ses varsa 1350 Hz) oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodu VOR&#8217;unkinden daha ince (tiz) duyulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ornek_Ses_Tonu_ve_Kod_Yayini\"><\/span>\u00d6rnek Ses Tonu ve Kod Yay\u0131n\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnek 1020 Hz ses tonu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1020Hz.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnek bir 1020 Hz tonunda VOR-DME istasyonun tan\u0131mlama kodu (AYT .-  -.&#8211;  &#8211; ) <\/strong><br>Duyuldu\u011fu \u00fczere bir d\u00f6ng\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde 4 aral\u0131k belirenmi\u015f, sadece VOR frekans\u0131 dinlenmekte oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in her d\u00f6ng\u00fcde 3 kere VOR&#8217;un tan\u0131mlama kodu duyulup DME&#8217;nin tan\u0131mlama kodu g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi aral\u0131kta 1 aral\u0131k boyu sessizlik oluyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Liste D\u0131\u015f\u0131 - Antalya (AYT) VOR-DME VOR Tan\u0131mlama Kodu\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5rxajZZmfD0?list=PLw0cziol4JEzq1o-gHLQSggCvpvxJqsQt\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VORlarin_Kapsama_Alani\"><\/span>VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n Kapsama Alan\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kapsama_Alani_ile_Ilgili_Genel_Bilgiler\"><\/span>Kapsama Alan\u0131 ile \u0130lgili Genel Bilgiler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR&#8217;lar, 100-200 NM gibi uzun menziller sa\u011flayabilmekle birlikte sadece yakla\u015fma gibi daha az kapsam gerektiren u\u00e7u\u015f safhalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n menzilleri daha az olabilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca VOR&#8217;lar, bulundu\u011fu y\u00fcksekli\u011fin alt\u0131na yay\u0131n yapacak \u015fekilde tasarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok al\u00e7ak irtifalarda menzili \u00e7ok daha az olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ICAO&#8217;da FAA&#8217;daki gibi belirli kapsama alan\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 olmay\u0131p sadece belirli asgari gerekli sinyal seviyeleri belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bunlara uygun olarak uygun \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ve kapsama alan\u0131na sahip VOR&#8217;lar yerle\u015ftirilebilir. Kimi zaman ilgili havac\u0131l\u0131k yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle menzil belirtilebilir, VOR esasl\u0131 ATS hava koridorlar\u0131nda bir VOR&#8217;dan \u00f6b\u00fcr VOR&#8217;a ge\u00e7i\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek i\u00e7in <em>VOR Changeover Point<\/em>&#8216;ler belirlenebilir. (Ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu.) FAA&#8217;da ise High, Low, Terminal gibi belirli kapsama alan\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 mevcuttur. Bu s\u0131n\u0131flamalara g\u00f6re kapsama alanlar\u0131, yaz\u0131da verilecek olup FAA d\u0131\u015f\u0131 herhangi bir y\u00fcksek veya orta g\u00fc\u00e7teki bir VOR&#8217;un kapsama alan\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilmek i\u00e7in de yararl\u0131 olabilirler. Ayr\u0131ca FAA&#8217;n\u0131n yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda, bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmalarla alakal\u0131 k\u0131saltmalar kullan\u0131larak VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n kapsama alanlar\u0131 belirtilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca &#8220;Terminal VOR (TVOR)&#8221; ifadesi, ICAO PANS-ABC k\u0131saltmalar k\u0131lavuzunda yer alsa da bir ICAO tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 tespit edilememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ise 200 W gibi seviyelerde olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak sinyal seviyesi, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ve menzil ile alakal\u0131 bilgiler, ICAO Annex 10 Vol. I&#8217;de belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Annex 10&#8217;da verilen \u00f6rnek bir grafik:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865b0cb&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865b0cb\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"716\" height=\"842\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-29.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2472\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-29.png 716w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-29-255x300.png 255w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 716px) 100vw, 716px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Orijinal_Kapsama_Alanlari_ve_Siniflari_FAA\"><\/span>Orijinal Kapsama Alanlar\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 (FAA):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(US AIM)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FAA, \u00e7o\u011fu seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in <em>Standart Service Volumes (SSV)<\/em> yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. SSV, FAA&#8217;n\u0131n sinyallerin uygun seviyeleri ve course kalitesini kar\u015f\u0131layacak \u015fekilde al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hacmi ifade eder. Ve ayn\u0131 frekanstaki di\u011fer seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131ndan (co-channel veya adjacent- channel giri\u015fimi) ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak SSV, olas\u0131 arazi veya engel engellemelerini i\u00e7ermez. SSV, yay\u0131nlanan aletli yakla\u015fmalar veya rotalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir VOR&#8217;a do\u011frudan gitmek veya VOR&#8217;dan gelmek gibi durumlar i\u00e7in ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca baz\u0131 aletli prosed\u00fcrleri ve rotalar, SSV d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 <em>Extenden Service Volume (ESV)<\/em> onay\u0131yla kullanabilir. Bu durumda aletli prosed\u00fcr veya rotan\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce FAA&#8217;n\u0131n uygun sinyal seviyesi, course kalitesi ve giri\u015fimden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu FAA taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcndeki konik alan genellikle seyr\u00fcsefer i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR\/DME\/TACAN i\u00e7in 3 adet SSV ve bunlar\u0131 belirten s\u0131n\u0131f belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131flar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Terminal (T)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Low (L)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>High (H)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865b8ca&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865b8ca\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"669\" height=\"472\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-25.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-25.png 669w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-25-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865be10&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865be10\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"669\" height=\"430\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-26.png 669w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-26-300x193.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865c3a2&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865c3a2\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"666\" height=\"446\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2470\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-27.png 666w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-27-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yeni_Kapsama_Alanlari_ve_Siniflari_FAA\"><\/span>Yeni Kapsama Alanlar\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 (FAA):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(US AIM)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seyr\u00fcsefer kabiliyetlerinin <em>Performance Based Navigation (PBN)<\/em> do\u011fru ilerlemesiyle birlikte, rota d\u0131\u015f\u0131 seyr\u00fcsefer i\u00e7in ek kabiliyetler gerekmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin <em>VOR MON<\/em>, (Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ilerleyen k\u0131s\u0131malr\u0131nda bahsedilmektedir) VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n 5000 ft AGL y\u00fcksekli\u011finde kullan\u0131labilmesini gerektirir, bu orijinal SSV&#8217;nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bunun sonucunda FAA, VOR&#8217;lar i\u00e7in 2 yeni kapsama alan\u0131 belirlemi\u015ftir. Bunlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>VOR Low (VL)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>VOR High (VH)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865cbba&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865cbba\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"664\" height=\"446\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-28.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2471\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-28.png 664w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-28-300x202.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kapsama_Alani_Mesafesinin_Havacilik_Yayinlarinda_Belirtilmesi_ICAO\"><\/span>Kapsama Alan\u0131 Mesafesinin Havac\u0131l\u0131k Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda Belirtilmesi (ICAO):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Birinci yaz\u0131da belirtilen AIP b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde (ENR 4.1, AD 2.19, AD 3.18) bazen belirli bir menzil de\u011feri belirtilmi\u015f olabilir. \u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865d1bd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865d1bd\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"659\" height=\"321\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-24.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2465\" style=\"width:513px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-24.png 659w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-24-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 659px) 100vw, 659px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tahditli_Alanlar\"><\/span>Tahditli Alanlar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y\u00fcksek arazi ve engeller gibi sebeplerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc baz\u0131 y\u00f6nlerden VOR&#8217;un bearing bilgisi al\u0131namayabilir veya yans\u0131malardan dolay\u0131 hatal\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131yor olabilir. Bu t\u00fcr sebeplerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc VOR&#8217;un kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 radyal aral\u0131klar\u0131 ve mesafeler, ilgili chart&#8217;larda veya birinci yaz\u0131da belirtilen AIP b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde belirtilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Elevation_Angle_Dikey_Aci\"><\/span>Elevation Angle (Dikey A\u00e7\u0131):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR, i\u015fletilebilirlik i\u00e7in gerekli seviye ve mesafelerde ve 40 derece <em>elevation angle<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na kadar tipik bir hava arac\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tatmin edici bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verecek \u015fekilde sinyaller sa\u011flar. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol. I 3.3.4.1<\/sub> Uygulamada, modern VOR vericilieri 60-80 derecelere kadar kullan\u0131labilir sinyal seviyeleri sa\u011flayabilmektedir. <sub>CAE Oxford ATPL<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cone_of_AmbigutyConfusion_Karisiklik_Konisi\"><\/span>Cone of Ambiguty\/Confusion [Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k Konisi]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR&#8217;a yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a radyaller yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r ve VOR ibresi daha hassas hale gelir. VOR \u00e7ok yak\u0131n\u0131nda ve \u00fcst\u00fcndeyken ibre h\u0131zla sal\u0131n\u0131r ve <em>flag<\/em> bir an i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir; ayr\u0131ca &#8216;TO\/FROM&#8217; oku da de\u011fi\u015febilir. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi \u0131\u015f\u0131man\u0131n planlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konik alandan kaynaklan\u0131r. Bu konik alan, belirsizlik veya kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k konisi olarak bilinir. U\u00e7ak bu koniden ge\u00e7tikten sonra u\u00e7aktaki okumalar stabil hale gelecektir. <sub>CAE Oxford ATPL<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> G\u00f6sterge ile ilgili kavramlar, yaz\u0131n\u0131n ilerleyen k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865d988&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865d988\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"690\" height=\"535\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/coneofconfusson.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2464\" style=\"width:476px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/coneofconfusson.jpg 690w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/coneofconfusson-300x233.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sistem_Toleransi\"><\/span>Sistem Tolerans\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Doc 8168 PANS-OPS Vol. I Table A-2-1, A-2-2 (6th Ed. Amend. 10))<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yer istasyonu tolerans\u0131: \u00b13.6\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hava arac\u0131ndaki al\u0131c\u0131 sistem tolerans\u0131: \u00b12.7\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f teknik tolerans\u0131: \u00b12.5\u00b0 (Sadece track rehberli\u011fi sa\u011flayan istasyonlar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli ve hesaplamaya dahil edilir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu tolerans de\u011ferlerinden, Root Sum Squared (RSS) [Kareleri toplam\u0131n\u0131n karek\u00f6k\u00fc] y\u00f6ntemiyle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sistem kullan\u0131m do\u011frulu\u011fu [System use accuracy] de\u011ferleri elde edilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Track sa\u011flayan fasilite: \u00b15.2\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Track sa\u011flamayan fasilite: \u00b14.5\u00b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7u\u015f testlerine g\u00f6re bu de\u011ferlerde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hava arac\u0131 VOR kurulumlar\u0131, VOR bilgisini i\u015fleyerek sunan g\u00f6stergeleri kapsamaz. Bunlar, kendilerinden kaynakl\u0131 hatalar olu\u015fturabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin: RMI g\u00f6stergesi. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol. I 3.6.2 Note 2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> ICAO Annex 10 Vol. I, daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 tan\u0131mlamalar ve de\u011ferler sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hata_Algilama\"><\/span>Hata Alg\u0131lama:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Annex 10 Vol I 3.3.7)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yay\u0131l\u0131m alan\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f uygun bir cihaz ile otomatik g\u00f6zlemleme sa\u011flan\u0131r. a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fartlar\u0131n biri veya birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 durumunda veya g\u00f6zlemleme cihaz\u0131n\u0131n kendisinin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131 durumunda g\u00f6zleme cihaz\u0131, kontrol noktas\u0131na uyar\u0131 g\u00f6nderir ve ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sinyalden mod\u00fclasyon elemanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve tan\u0131mlama kodu sinyalini kald\u0131r\u0131r veya yay\u0131n\u0131 tamamen sonland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VOR taraf\u0131ndan iletilen bearing bilgisinin g\u00f6zlemleme alan\u0131nda 1 derece sapmas\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Radio sinyalinin mod\u00fclasyon elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n (yan ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 veya 30 Hz AM sinyalleri) g\u00f6zlemleyicideki gerilim seviyelerinde %15&#8217;lik azalma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Guc_Beslemesi\"><\/span>G\u00fc\u00e7 Beslemesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 kayb\u0131 durumunda yedek kayna\u011fa ge\u00e7me gibi durumlar i\u00e7in besleme ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreleri \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aletli yakla\u015fmalar i\u00e7in azami ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcresi 15 s.&nbsp;<sub>ICAO Annex 10 Table C-11<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_ile_Alakali_Gostergeler_ve_Basitce_Kullanimi\"><\/span>VOR ile Alakal\u0131 G\u00f6stergeler ve Basit\u00e7e Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucaktaki_alici_anten\"><\/span>U\u00e7aktaki al\u0131c\u0131 anten:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7ak taraf\u0131nda; genelde dikey stabilizat\u00f6re yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, VOR sinyalleri <em>yatay polarize<\/em> oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yatay konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f <em>v dipol<\/em> anten veya ba\u015fka uygun anten \u00e7e\u015fiti kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu anten, genelde <em>VOR-LOC<\/em> anteni olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc <em>localizer<\/em> sinyallerini de almak i\u00e7in ortak kullan\u0131l\u0131p localizer sinyallerinin ilk a\u015fama da al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, sonras\u0131nda uygun \u015fartlar kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131nca burundaki localizer al\u0131c\u0131 antenine ge\u00e7ilir. Belki baz\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131larda bu antenler ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabiliyor da olabilir. Bu durum, daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak <em>ILS (Instrument Landing System)<\/em> ile ilgili yaz\u0131m\u0131zda anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>U\u00e7akta kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rnek bir VOR-LOC Anteni:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865e6fd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865e6fd\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"761\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/vorant-1024x761.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2358\" style=\"width:517px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/vorant-1024x761.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/vorant-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/vorant-768x570.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/vorant.jpg 1197w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_Radyalleri_ve_Course_Ayari\"><\/span>VOR Radyalleri ve Course Ayar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR radyalleri, VOR&#8217;dan her y\u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan hayali \u0131\u015f\u0131nlard\u0131r. VOR, analog bir sistem olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen genelde g\u00f6stergelerden tam say\u0131 derece cinsinden course de\u011feri ayarlanabildi\u011fi i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilebilir 360 adet radyal vard\u0131r. Baz\u0131 g\u00f6stergeler, ondal\u0131k say\u0131 girmeye izin verebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR radyalleri, genellikle manyetik kuzeye g\u00f6re hizalan\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek [true] kuzeye g\u00f6re de hizaland\u0131klar\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865ed55&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865ed55\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"977\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/radyaller-1024x977.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2479\" style=\"width:445px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/radyaller-1024x977.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/radyaller-300x286.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/radyaller-768x733.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/radyaller.jpg 1332w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Radyal de\u011ferleri chart&#8217;lar ve bir \u00e7ok kaynakta ifade edilirken genellikle R harfinden itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 basamakl\u0131 derece de\u011feri ile belirtilir. De\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 basamakl\u0131 de\u011filse ba\u015f\u0131na 3 basama\u011fa tamamlanacak kadar s\u0131f\u0131r konur. \u00d6rne\u011fin: R156, R058, R002, R318<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Course ayar\u0131 ise VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 veya g\u00f6sterge \u00fczerinden ayarlanan bir de\u011fer olup radyaller \u00fczerinde gidilecek istikameti yani course&#8217;yi se\u00e7meye yarar. Radyal ile course kavramlar\u0131 birbirlerine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bulunulan radyal belirtilirken hangi radyal \u00fczerinde olundu\u011fu belirtilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Course de\u011feri ise radyaller \u00fczerinden gidilmek istenen y\u00f6n\u00fc belirtir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/havacilikta-kullanilan-yonler\/\">Y\u00f6nler ile ilgili kavramlar.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca VOR&#8217;a yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a, radyaller aras\u0131 mesafe azalaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterge daha hassasla\u015f\u0131r. G\u00f6sterge, ayn\u0131 miktarda yatay sapma durumunda, VOR&#8217;a yak\u0131nken daha fazla sapma g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865f4b7&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865f4b7\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"443\" height=\"103\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-57.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-57.png 443w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-57-300x70.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Station_Declination_Istasyonel_Sapma\"><\/span>Station Declination [\u0130stasyonel Sapma]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR istasyonu kalibre edildi\u011fi zaman belirlenen, VOR cihaz\u0131n\u0131n 0\u00b0 radyali ile ger\u00e7ek (true) kuzey aras\u0131ndaki hizalama sapmas\u0131d\u0131r.&nbsp;<sub>ICAO Doc 10066 PANS-AIM Chapter 1 (1dt Ed. Amend. 1), kavram \u00e7evirisi DHM\u0130 Havac\u0131l\u0131k Terimleri S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 2. Bask\u0131<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong>&nbsp;Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda \u201cMagnetic Declination\u201d olarak da ge\u00e7ebilir. Manyetik Sapma (Magnetic Variation) ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kimi zaman VOR haricindeki istasyonlar i\u00e7in de \u201cStation Declination\u201d kavram\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> U\u00e7u\u015f prosed\u00fcrlerinde VOR radyalleri i\u00e7in genellikle zaten uygun manyetik a\u00e7\u0131 de\u011ferleri verilecek olsa da, ilgili VOR&#8217;un <em>Station Declination<\/em> de\u011ferine birinci yaz\u0131da belirtilen AIP b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden bak\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HSI_ve_CDI_Gostergeleri\"><\/span>HSI ve CDI G\u00f6stergeleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CDI_Course_Deviation_Indicator_Gostergesi\"><\/span>CDI (Course Deviation Indicator) G\u00f6stergesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d865fbfd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d865fbfd\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"478\" height=\"524\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-49.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2508\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-49.png 478w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-49-274x300.png 274w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866010d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866010d\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"265\" height=\"86\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-63.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2546\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>CDI (Course Deviation Indicator)<\/em> g\u00f6stergesi, se\u00e7ili course&#8217;nin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hangi taraf\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Se\u00e7ili course&#8217;yi g\u00f6steren \u00fc\u00e7gen.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hareketli arka kerteriz:<\/strong> Arka kerteriz, se\u00e7ili course de\u011ferini g\u00f6sterir, ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile ilgisi yoktur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>OBS (Omni-bearing Selector) topuzu:<\/strong> Course de\u011ferini se\u00e7meye yarar. Topuz, d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e, arka kerteriz de d\u00f6ner. \u00dc\u00e7genin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi de\u011fer se\u00e7ili course&#8217;dir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Course ibresi:<\/strong> Se\u00e7ili course&#8217;nin ne kadar sa\u011fda veya solda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. \u0130bre, \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131ndan ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, alt taraf\u0131 ise ibrenin ucudur. \u0130bre sa\u011fdaysa se\u00e7ili course u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131nda, ibre soldaysa se\u00e7ili course soldad\u0131r. Sapma miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re hedef course&#8217;nin ka\u00e7 derece sa\u011f\u0131nda veya solunda olundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>TO \/ FROM g\u00f6stergesi.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yatay Dot&#8217;lar:<\/strong> Course ibresinin ne kadar sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in konulan noktalard\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Glideslope ibresi:<\/strong> Sol taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve ibrenin u\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 sa\u011f taraf\u0131d\u0131r. <em>Glide path<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n ne kadar yukar\u0131da veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. <em>ILS<\/em> ve di\u011fer dikey k\u0131lavuzluk sa\u011flayan sistemeler ile kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <em>VOR\/TACAN<\/em> ile i\u015flevsizdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dikey Dot&#8217;lar:<\/strong> <em>Glideslope<\/em> ibresinin ne kadar sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in konulan noktalard\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Glideslope Flag&#8217;\u0131:<\/strong> <em>Glide path<\/em> sinyallerinin yeterli d\u00fczeyde al\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Bu durumda <em>glideslope<\/em> ibresi, merkez konumda durur (park eder.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NAV Flag&#8217;\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130lgili yatay k\u0131lavuzluk sa\u011flayan seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterli d\u00fczeyde sinyal al\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar. <em>CDI<\/em> ibresi merkez konumda durur (park eder.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> 7, 8, 9; <em>ILS<\/em> ve di\u011fer dikey k\u0131lavuzluk sa\u011flayan sistemler ile kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve ilgili sistemlerle birlikte anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, glideslope \u00f6zelli\u011fi bulunmayan g\u00f6stergeler de mevcuttur ve bu g\u00f6stergelerde glideslope ile ilgili par\u00e7alar g\u00f6sterge \u00fczerinde yer almaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HSI_Horizontal_Situation_Indicator_Gostergesi\"><\/span>HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) G\u00f6stergesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866093c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866093c\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"474\" height=\"604\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-44.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-44.png 474w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-44-235x300.png 235w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8660e46&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8660e46\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"265\" height=\"138\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-64.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2547\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator)<\/em>, <em>CDI<\/em> g\u00f6stergesinden farkl\u0131 olarak, se\u00e7ili course&#8217;nin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hangi taraf\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bilgisi ile birlikte ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6receli olarak g\u00f6sterir. Genel olarak anla\u015f\u0131labilirli\u011fi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131, <em>CDI<\/em>&#8216;dan daha rahatt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mevcut ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 [heading] g\u00f6steren \u00fc\u00e7gen.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hareketli arka kerteriz:<\/strong> Arka kerteriz, ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. U\u00e7akta kurulu aviyonik sistemler ve g\u00f6stergeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6stergenin kendisi bir jiroskopik pusula i\u00e7erebilir veya ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bilgisi, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer aviyonik sistemleri taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131yor olabilir. <em>HSI<\/em> g\u00f6stergesi, zaten ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermekte oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6stergesi [heading indicator] yerine de ge\u00e7ebilir. Genelde manyetik ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, Manyetik\/do\u011fru kuzey se\u00e7imi yap\u0131labilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn aviyonik sistemler de mevcuttur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>U\u00e7ak simgesi:<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnunu ifade eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Se\u00e7ili ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 i\u015faret\u00e7isi:<\/strong> <em>AFDS (Autopilot Flight Director System)<\/em> ile alakal\u0131d\u0131r. <em>HSI<\/em> g\u00f6stergesi, ayn\u0131 zamanda ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6stergesi olarak da kullan\u0131labildi\u011fi i\u00e7in <em>HSI<\/em> \u00fczerinde yer alabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ayarlama topuzu:<\/strong> <em>AFDS (Autopilot Flight Director System)<\/em> ile alakal\u0131d\u0131r. <em>HSI<\/em> g\u00f6stergesi, ayn\u0131 zamanda ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6stergesi olarak da kullan\u0131labildi\u011fi i\u00e7in <em>HSI<\/em> \u00fczerinde yer alabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Course oku:<\/strong> Se\u00e7ili course&#8217;ye g\u00f6re d\u00f6ner. Okun ucu, se\u00e7ili course&#8217;yi g\u00f6sterir. <em>CDI<\/em>&#8216;dan farkl\u0131 olarak, <em>HSI<\/em>&#8216;n\u0131n ok ve ibre d\u00fczene\u011fi, arka kerteriz d\u00fczene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimiyle beraber arka kerteriz d\u00f6nd\u00fck\u00e7e ok ve ibre d\u00fczene\u011fi de arka kerterizle birlikte d\u00f6nerek hareket eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Course ibresi:<\/strong> Se\u00e7ili course&#8217;nin ne kadar sa\u011fda veya solda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. \u0130bre, course okuna g\u00f6receli olarak sa\u011fa sola kayarak hareket eder. \u0130bre, course okunun sa\u011f\u0131ndaysa se\u00e7ili course u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131nda, ibre soldaysa se\u00e7ili course soldad\u0131r. Sapma miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re hedef course&#8217;nin ka\u00e7 derece sa\u011f\u0131nda veya solunda olundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>TO \/ FROM g\u00f6stergesi.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Course ayarlama topuzu:<\/strong> Course de\u011ferini se\u00e7meye yarar. Topuz, d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e, HSI oku, arka kerterize g\u00f6receli olarak d\u00f6ner. Course okunun g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi de\u011fer se\u00e7ili course&#8217;dir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yatay Dot&#8217;lar:<\/strong> Course ibresinin ne kadar sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in konulan noktalard\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Glideslope g\u00f6stergesi ve noktalar\u0131:<\/strong> <em>Glide path<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n ne kadar yukar\u0131da veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren i\u015faret\u00e7i, <em>glide path<\/em> sinyalleri al\u0131n\u0131yorken \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu <em>HSI<\/em>&#8216;de, <em>glide path<\/em> yokken i\u015faret\u00e7i kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Baz\u0131 <em>HSI<\/em>&#8216;lerde <em>flag<\/em>&#8216;da \u00e7\u0131kabilir. <em>Glideslope<\/em> i\u015faret\u00e7isi, <em>ILS<\/em> ve di\u011fer dikey k\u0131lavuzluk sa\u011flayan sistemeler ile kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <em>VOR\/TACAN<\/em> ile i\u015flevsizdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NAV Flag&#8217;\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130lgili yatay k\u0131lavuzluk sa\u011flayan seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterli d\u00fczeyde sinyal al\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar. <em>HSI<\/em> ibresi merkez konumda durur (park eder.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> 11, <em>ILS<\/em> ve di\u011fer dikey k\u0131lavuzluk sa\u011flayan sistemler ile kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve ilgili sistemlerle birlikte anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, glideslope \u00f6zelli\u011fi bulunmayan g\u00f6stergeler de mevcuttur ve bu g\u00f6stergelerde glideslope ile ilgili par\u00e7alar g\u00f6sterge \u00fczerinde yer almaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ibrenin_Sapma_Miktari_ve_noktalar\"><\/span>\u0130brenin Sapma Miktar\u0131 ve noktalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130brenin tam sapma miktar\u0131 [full deflection], VOR i\u00e7in \u00b110 derecedir. <sub>CAE Oxford ATPL<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130bre en kenar\u0131daysa u\u00e7ak, hedef course&#8217;un 10\u00b0 veya daha fazla sa\u011f\u0131nda ya da solundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayn\u0131 zamanda, ibrenin sapma miktar\u0131n\u0131n kolay anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in, ibrenin hareket etti\u011fi skala \u00fczerinde <em>dot<\/em>&#8216;lar [noktalar] yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130brenin ka\u00e7 dot sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131larak, dot&#8217;lar\u0131n aras\u0131n\u0131n ka\u00e7 dereceye denk geldi\u011fi de bilindi\u011fi i\u00e7in hedef course&#8217;dan yakla\u015f\u0131k ka\u00e7 derece sap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayca anla\u015f\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genel olarak, g\u00f6stergelerde tek tarafta 4 (sa\u011f ve sol toplam 8) ya da 5 (sa\u011f ve sol toplam 10) adet <em>dot<\/em> bulunmaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 g\u00f6stergelerde en u\u00e7taki <em>dot<\/em> \u00e7izilmemi\u015f olabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin g\u00f6stergede g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr 4 <em>dot<\/em> vard\u0131r ama ibre 4. <em>dot<\/em>&#8216;dan sonra bir nokta aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar daha hareket edebiliyordur. Bu duruma dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130brenin tam sapma miktar\u0131, \u00b110\u00b0 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>5 dot&#8217;lu bir g\u00f6stergede her dot aras\u0131, 10 <strong>\u00f7<\/strong> 5 = 2\u00b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4 dot&#8217;lu bir g\u00f6stergede her dot aras\u0131, 10 <strong>\u00f7<\/strong> 4 = 2.5\u00b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TOFROM_Gostergesi\"><\/span>TO\/FROM G\u00f6stergesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kabaca istasyona do\u011fru u\u00e7makta m\u0131 mu, yoksa istasyondan ayr\u0131lmakta oldu\u011funu mu g\u00f6sterir. \u0130stasyona ilerleniyorsa TO g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcr. &#8220;to&#8221;nun kelime anlam\u0131 &#8220;-a do\u011fru&#8221; demektir. \u0130stasyondan ay\u0131rlmaktaysa FROM g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcr. &#8220;from&#8221;un kelime anlam\u0131 &#8220;-dan&#8221; demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asl\u0131nda TO\/FROM g\u00f6stergesinin tam olarak istasyona do\u011fru u\u00e7uldu\u011fu ya da istasyondan ayr\u0131lmakta olundu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bilgisi do\u011fru de\u011fildir. TO\/FROM g\u00f6stergesi, ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. U\u00e7ak, se\u00e7ili course de\u011ferini dik kesen ve istasyondan ge\u00e7en hayali do\u011frunun, hedef course y\u00f6n\u00fc ilerisi kabul edilmek \u00fczere bu dik do\u011frunun gerisindeyse &#8220;TO&#8221;, ilerisindeyse &#8220;FROM&#8221; g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcr. U\u00e7ak, se\u00e7ili course&#8217;a g\u00f6re &#8220;TO&#8221; b\u00f6lgesindeyse fakat istasyondan uzakla\u015f\u0131yorsa da &#8220;TO&#8221; g\u00f6z\u00fckmeye devam eder. Tam tersi, &#8220;FROM&#8221; i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnekler:<\/strong> (Se\u00e7ili course: 30)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7ak:<br>&gt; &#8220;TO&#8221; alan\u0131nda<br>&gt; \u0130stasyona y\u00f6nelmi\u015f<br>&gt; G\u00f6sterge &#8220;TO&#8221;da<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8661bbe&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8661bbe\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"534\" height=\"514\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-50.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2516\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-50.png 534w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-50-300x289.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7ak:<br>&gt; &#8220;TO&#8221; alan\u0131nda<br>&gt; \u0130stasyondan ayr\u0131l\u0131yor<br>&gt; G\u00f6sterge &#8220;TO&#8221;da<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d86621ac&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d86621ac\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"534\" height=\"514\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-51.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2517\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-51.png 534w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-51-300x289.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7ak:<br>&gt; &#8220;FROM&#8221; alan\u0131nda<br>&gt; \u0130stasyondan ayr\u0131l\u0131yor<br>&gt; G\u00f6sterge &#8220;FROM&#8221;da<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866284b&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866284b\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"533\" height=\"514\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-52.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-52.png 533w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-52-300x289.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 533px) 100vw, 533px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7ak:<br>&gt; &#8220;FROM&#8221; alan\u0131nda<br>&gt; \u0130stasyona y\u00f6nelmi\u015f<br>&gt; G\u00f6sterge &#8220;FROM&#8221;da<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8662df4&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8662df4\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"533\" height=\"514\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-53.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2519\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-53.png 533w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-53-300x289.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 533px) 100vw, 533px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RMI_Radio_Magnetic_Indicator_Gostergesi\"><\/span>RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator) G\u00f6stergesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8663489&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8663489\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"581\" height=\"555\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-45.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2503\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-45.png 581w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-45-300x287.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>RMI (Radio Magnetic Indicator)<\/em> g\u00f6stergesi, ayarlanm\u0131\u015f istasyonun u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re hangi y\u00f6nde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bilgisini g\u00f6sterir. <em>RMI<\/em> \u00fczerindeki oklar, hep se\u00e7ili istasyonlara do\u011fru y\u00f6nelir. Okun y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ise navigasyon radyosunun alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mevcut radyal de\u011feri ile jiroskopik pusula veya u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n aviyonik sistemi taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bilgisini birlikte de\u011ferlendirerek belirler. E\u011fer bir okun kayna\u011f\u0131 bo\u015ftaysa, o ok genelde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hep sancak (sa\u011f) taraf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterecek \u015fekilde sabit durur (park eder). 1 veya 2 ibreli RMI&#8217;lar mevcuttur. Ayr\u0131ca genelde RMI&#8217;lar\u0131n ibrelerinin hangi navigasyon radyosunu (<em>NAV 1<\/em>, <em>NAV 2<\/em>) veya hangi kayna\u011f\u0131 kullanaca\u011f\u0131 (<em>VOR<\/em>, <em>TACAN<\/em>, <em>ADF<\/em>, <em>DF<\/em> vs.) se\u00e7ilebilir olur. G\u00f6stergeye ve u\u00e7akta kurulu aviyonik sistemlere g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilebilir kaynaklar farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir. \u00c7e\u015fitli RMI yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in birinci yaz\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mevcut ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 [heading] g\u00f6steren \u00fc\u00e7gen.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hareketli arka kerteriz:<\/strong> Arka kerteriz, ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. U\u00e7akta kurulu aviyonik sistemler ve g\u00f6stergeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6stergenin kendisi bir jiroskopik pusula i\u00e7erebilir veya ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bilgisi, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer aviyonik sistemleri taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131yor olabilir. Genelde manyetik ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, Manyetik\/do\u011fru kuzey se\u00e7imi yap\u0131labilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn aviyonik sistemler de mevcuttur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Birinci ok:<\/strong> \u00d6rnekteki <em>RMI<\/em> g\u00f6stergesinde birinci ok sar\u0131 renk ile belirtildi\u011fi i\u00e7in ve sol taraftaki se\u00e7i de sar\u0131 okun kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirledi\u011fi i\u00e7in sol taraftaki se\u00e7inin ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re hangi y\u00f6nde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (bearing \/ relative bearing) g\u00f6sterir. okun ucu istasyonu i\u015faret eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Birinci okun kaynak se\u00e7icisi:<\/strong> Bu g\u00f6sterge \u00f6rne\u011finde sar\u0131 okun kaynak olarak <em>NAV<\/em> ya da <em>ADF<\/em>&#8216;ye ayarlanabilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130kinci ok:<\/strong> \u00d6rnekteki <em>RMI<\/em> g\u00f6stergesinde ikinci ok sar\u0131 renk ile belirtildi\u011fi i\u00e7in ve sa\u011f taraftaki se\u00e7i de ye\u015fil okun kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirledi\u011fi i\u00e7in sa\u011f taraftaki se\u00e7inin ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re hangi y\u00f6nde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (bearing \/ relative bearing) g\u00f6sterir. okun ucu istasyonu i\u015faret eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130kinci okun kaynak se\u00e7icisi:<\/strong> Bu g\u00f6sterge \u00f6rne\u011finde ye\u015fil okun kaynak olarak <em>NAV<\/em> ya da <em>ADF<\/em>&#8216;ye ayarlanabilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diger_Gostergeler\"><\/span>Di\u011fer G\u00f6stergeler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7e\u015fitli <em>Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)<\/em> sistemlerinde, say\u0131sal bir HSI ve RMI bulunabilir, bunlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6zellikleri ayarlan\u0131p de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir. Ayr\u0131ca mevcut radyalin a\u00e7\u0131 de\u011feri de g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8663c5c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8663c5c\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"595\" height=\"553\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-58.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2536\" style=\"width:349px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-58.png 595w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-58-300x279.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d86641e4&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d86641e4\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"117\" height=\"227\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-59.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2537\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basit_Gosterge_Kullanimi_Ornekleri\"><\/span>Basit G\u00f6sterge Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00d6rnekleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-2\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu \u00f6rneklerde, g\u00f6sterge kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 ve radyal ve course kavramlar\u0131 temel d\u00fczeyde g\u00f6sterilecektir. Daha ileri d\u00fczey VOR yakalama ve y\u00f6n bulma y\u00f6ntemleri bu yaz\u0131da anlat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rneklerde r\u00fczgar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 (heading) do\u011fudan ize (track) e\u015fit olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HSI_ile_Radyal_Tutma_Ornegi\"><\/span>HSI ile Radyal Tutma \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu \u00f6rnekte, VOR-DME istasyonunun g\u00fcneyinden gelip 360 derece course&#8217;a oturaca\u011f\u0131z yani 180\/360\u00b0 radyallerine hizalanaca\u011f\u0131z. 180\u00b0 radyali \u00fczerinde 360\u00b0 course ile ilerleyip istasyonu kat ettikten sonra 360\u00b0 radyali \u00fczerinde 360\u00b0 course&#8217;da seyire devam edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1)<\/strong><br>HSI oku 180\/360\u00b0 radyali \u00fczerinden 360\u00b0 y\u00f6n\u00fcne yani kuzeye do\u011fru u\u00e7ulaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 360&#8217;a getirilmi\u015f. U\u00e7ak radyalin solunda yani radyal u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in HSI ibresi en sa\u011fda. U\u00e7ak istasyona do\u011fru ilerledi\u011fi i\u00e7in TO-FROM g\u00f6stergesi TO&#8217;da. DME 14.3 mili g\u00f6steriyor. U\u00e7ak, 45\u00b0 ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla ilerleyerek radyale yakla\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8664afd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8664afd\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"542\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-33.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-33.png 856w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-33-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-33-768x486.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2)<\/strong><br>U\u00e7ak, 180\u00b0 radyaline iyice yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Bu y\u00fczden ibre ortalanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f. 5 noktal\u0131 g\u00f6stergede ibre \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc noktada oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hedef couse&#8217;nin 6\u00b0 solunda oldu\u011fumuzu yani anl\u0131k olarak 186\u00b0 radyalinde bulundu\u011fumuzu anl\u0131yoruz. Hedef radyale hizalanmak i\u00e7in sola d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fe ba\u015flanabilir. \u0130stasyona yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in DME deki mesafe azalm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8665078&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8665078\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"855\" height=\"541\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-32.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-32.png 855w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-32-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-32-768x486.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3)<\/strong><br>HSI ibresi tam ortaya getirilerek 360\u00b0 coursesi veya 180\u00b0 radyali yakalanm\u0131\u015f. U\u00e7ak, HSI okunun ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 360 course&#8217;a do\u011fru ilerliyor. \u0130stasyona yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in DME 9.8 mile d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8665615&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8665615\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"542\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-34.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-34.png 856w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-34-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-34-768x486.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4)<\/strong><br>Bu konumda u\u00e7ak istasyonun tam \u00fcst\u00fcnde yani kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k konisinin i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in VOR sinyali de\u011ferlendirilemiyor. Bu y\u00fczden &#8220;NAV&#8221; <em>flag<\/em>&#8216;\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f. DME ise <em>slant range<\/em>&#8216;i \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011finden kaynakl\u0131 olarak 1 mil g\u00f6steriyor. \u0130stasyonun tam \u00fczerinde VOR kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan sinyal d\u00fczelene kadar u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n istikameti muhafaza edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8665ba4&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8665ba4\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"855\" height=\"545\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-36.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-36.png 855w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-36-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-36-768x490.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5)<\/strong><br>U\u00e7ak istasyonu ge\u00e7mi\u015f. U\u00e7ak art\u0131k istasyondan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in TO-FROM g\u00f6stergesi FROM&#8217;da. DME&#8217;nin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi mesafe istasyondan uzakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. U\u00e7ak 360\u00b0 course&#8217;da 360\u00b0 radyaline hizal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde 360\u00b0ye yani kuzeye gitmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8666114&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8666114\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"545\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-37.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-37.png 856w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-37-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-37-768x489.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CDI_ile_Radyal_Tutma_Ornegi\"><\/span>CDI ile Radyal Tutma \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu \u00f6rnekte, VOR-DME istasyonunun g\u00fcneydo\u011fusundan gelip 90\u00b0 course&#8217;ya oturaca\u011f\u0131z yani 90\u00b0 radyaline hizalanaca\u011f\u0131z. \u0130stasyona do\u011fru u\u00e7u\u015f ve kat edi\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeyecek, u\u00e7u\u015fun tamam\u0131 istasyondan ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u015feklinde olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1)<\/strong><br>90\u00b0 radyali yakalan\u0131p 90\u00b0 yani do\u011fuya u\u00e7ulaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in CDI 90&#8217;a ayarlanm\u0131\u015f. Se\u00e7ili radyal, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n solunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in CDI ibresi en sola sapm\u0131\u015f. U\u00e7ak, \u00fcstteki y\u00f6n g\u00f6stergesinde g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi \u00fczere 45\u00b0 ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla ilerleyerek hedef radyale yakla\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130stasyondan uzakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in TO-FROM g\u00f6stergesi FROM&#8217;da. \u015eu an DME 5.7 mili g\u00f6stermekte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866675e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866675e\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"555\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-38.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-38.png 856w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-38-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-38-768x498.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2)<\/strong><br>U\u00e7ak 90\u00b0 couse&#8217;ya ve 90\u00b0 radyaline iyice yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f. \u0130bre ortalanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. \u0130bre, yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak skalan\u0131n ortas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hedef course&#8217;a yakla\u015f\u0131k 5\u00b0 kalm\u0131\u015f. Anl\u0131k olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 95\u00b0 radyali \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fumuzu \u00e7\u0131kartabiliriz. Hedef radyali yakalamak i\u00e7in sa\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fe ba\u015flanabilir. \u0130stasyondan uzakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in DME&#8217;nin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi de\u011fer artm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8666cb3&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8666cb3\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"555\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-39.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-39.png 856w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-39-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-39-768x498.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3)<\/strong><br>\u0130bre ortalanarak radyal yakalanm\u0131\u015f. U\u00e7ak, 90\u00b0 radyali \u00fczerinde ve 90\u00b0 radyaline hizal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde 90\u00b0 course&#8217;da seyrine devam ediyor. \u0130stasyondan uzakla\u015f\u0131lmaya devam edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in DME mesafesi de artm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d86672a5&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d86672a5\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"558\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-40.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-40.png 856w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-40-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-40-768x501.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RMI_ile_Istasyonun_Yonunu_Bulma_Ornegi\"><\/span>RMI ile \u0130stasyonun Y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc Bulma \u00d6rne\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu \u00f6rnekte; RMI&#8217;deki sar\u0131 ok&#8217;un kayna\u011f\u0131 kullanmakta oldu\u011fumuz VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ayarl\u0131 olup ayarl\u0131 VOR&#8217;un u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re hangi y\u00f6nde oldu\u011funu (bearing \/ relative bearing) g\u00f6stermektedir. RMI g\u00f6stergesinin arka kerterizi ise u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu durumda RMI g\u00f6stergesinin \u00fcst\u00fcndeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7gen 45&#8217;i g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n 45\u00b0 ba\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda ilerledi\u011fi ve sar\u0131 okun uzu ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7gen aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k saat y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersinde 20\u00b0 a\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in istasyonun u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 20\u00b0 solunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayabiliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8667898&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8667898\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"542\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-41.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-41.png 844w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-41-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-41-768x493.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Oncesi_VOR_Kontrolu_Icin_Kullanilabilir_Yontemler\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi VOR Kontrol\u00fc \u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131labilir Y\u00f6ntemler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-3\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi al\u0131c\u0131 testi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler mevcuttur, bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 havaalanlar\u0131nda i\u015faretlenmi\u015f kontrol noktalar\u0131, VOT cihaz\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve havadaki kontrol noktalar\u0131 (FAA k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7er) olabilir. U\u00e7aktaki aviyonik cihazlar\u0131n periyodik test gereklilikleri bu yaz\u0131da i\u015flenmeyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu bilgiler, ilgili \u00fclkenin AIP&#8217;lerinde yay\u0131nlanmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Amerika&#8217;da yer ve hava kontrol noktalar\u0131 ile VOT&#8217;lar\u0131n bilgileri, <em>Chart Supplement U.S.<\/em>&#8216;de yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yaz\u0131da ICAO k\u0131lavuzunda ge\u00e7en cihaz toleranslar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. FAA ise g\u00f6sterge hatas\u0131 de\u011ferleri belirtmi\u015f olup yer kontrolleri i\u00e7in 4 derece, hava kontrolleri i\u00e7in 6 derece belirtmektedir. VOR kontrol\u00fc yap\u0131l\u0131rken \u00fcreticinin belirledi\u011fi do\u011frultma de\u011ferleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herhangi bir do\u011frultma yap\u0131lmaz. Ayr\u0131ca anten haricinde birbirlerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ikili VOR sisteminin birbirlerine g\u00f6re testi yap\u0131labilir, ayn\u0131 VOR istasyonu her iki al\u0131c\u0131ya da ayarlanarak iki g\u00f6sterge aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n 4 dereceyi ge\u00e7memesine bak\u0131l\u0131r. <sub>US AIM<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_Aerodrome_Checkpoint\"><\/span>VOR Aerodrome Checkpoint:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-4\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir VOR, havaalan\u0131 ile ilgili uygun bir yere konumland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi s\u0131namas\u0131, havaalan\u0131n\u0131n uygun noktalar\u0131na i\u015faretlenmi\u015f ve kalibre edilmi\u015f checkpoint&#8217;ler ile yap\u0131labilir. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.1.1<\/sub> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">E\u011fer bir <em>VOR aerodrome checkpoint<\/em> belirlendiyse, bir i\u015faretleme ve levha ile belirtilir. <sub>ICAO Annex 14 Vol I 5.2.12.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yerlesim_Nicelikleri\"><\/span>Yerle\u015fim Nicelikleri<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir \u00e7ok durumun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, standart bir gereklilikler veya uygulamalar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanabilmesi uygulanabilir de\u011fildir. Lakin otoritelerin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak uygun noktalar belirlemesi umulmaktad\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.1.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VOR civar\u0131ndaki sinyal g\u00fcc\u00fc, u\u00e7ak VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tatmin edici d\u00fczeyde i\u015fleyebilmesini sa\u011flayacak kadar yeterli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle g\u00f6stergede flag g\u00f6sterilmemesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.2.1<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Checkpointler, VOR&#8217;un s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na uygun olmal\u0131 ve bina ve di\u011fer hareketli ve harekets\u015fz yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 nesnelerden uzakta konumland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar, VOR sinyallerinin hassasiyeti ve stabilitesini bozabilir. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.2.2<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130lgili gereklilikleri kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek checkpoint&#8217;ler, ilgili i\u015fleticilere dan\u0131\u015f\u0131larak se\u00e7ilmelidir. Bekleme noktalar\u0131nda, pist sonlar\u0131nda ve bak\u0131m ve y\u00fckleme alanlar\u0131nda kontrol noktalar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 genellikle tercih edilir. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.2.5<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hassasiyet\"><\/span>Hassasiyet:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se\u00e7ili noktada g\u00f6zlemlenen VOR bearing&#8217;i, ara\u015ft\u0131rma veya harita \u00e7izimi ile belirlenen bearing&#8217;in en iyi \u015fekilde \u00b11.5 derece aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olmal\u0131. Bu durum, g\u00f6zlemlenen bearing&#8217;in yay\u0131nlanan bearing haline gelmesinde operasyonel olarak \u00f6nem i\u00e7ermese de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131k, k\u00f6t\u00fc stabiliteye i\u015faret edebilir. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.2.3<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir se\u00e7ili noktadaki VOR bilgisi, yay\u0131nlana bearing&#8217;in s\u00fcrekli \u00b12 derece aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaysa operasyonel olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bir se\u00e7ili noktadaki VOR bilgisinini stabilitesinin \u00b12 derece tolerans\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131 antenin y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kalibre dilmi\u015f bir al\u0131c\u0131yla periyodik aral\u0131klarla teyit edilmelidir. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.2.4<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Checkpoint_Isaretlemesi\"><\/span>Checkpoint \u0130\u015faretlemesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Annex 14 Vol I 5.2.12)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>VOR aerodrome checkpoint<\/em> i\u015faretlemesi, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n park edip do\u011fru VOR sinyallerini alaca\u011f\u0131 noktasn\u0131n merkezinde olacakt\u0131r. 6 m \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00e7ember \u015feklinde ve \u00e7izgi kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 15 cm olacakt\u0131r. <strong>Tavsiye:<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n belirli bir y\u00f6ne hizalanmas\u0131n\u0131n tercih edildi\u011finde, \u00e7emberein merkezinden ge\u00e7en ve istenen y\u00f6ne bakan bir \u00e7izgi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00e7izgi, istenilen ba\u015fta dairenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na 6 m \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131 ve ok ucu ile sonlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00e7izginin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 15 cm olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8668503&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8668503\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"665\" height=\"330\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2430\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-14.png 665w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-14-300x149.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antalya Havaliman\u0131&#8217;ndaki bir VOR checkpoint i\u015faretlemesi (2017):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8668acc&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8668acc\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"776\" height=\"536\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-56.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2531\" style=\"width:589px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-56.png 776w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-56-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-56-768x530.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 776px) 100vw, 776px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Checkpoint_Levhasi\"><\/span> Checkpoint Levhas\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Annex 14 Vol I 5.4.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Levha, olabildi\u011fince checkpoint&#8217;e yak\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilecektir. U\u00e7ak, checkpoint i\u015faretlemesinin \u00fczerine gelip d\u00fczg\u00fcn konumland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kokpitten yaz\u0131lar okunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR checkpoint levhas\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131lar, sar\u0131 arkaplan \u00fczerine siyah renk olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tavsiye:<\/strong> Checkpoint levhas\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131lar, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rseldeki alternatifler do\u011frultusunda yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8669242&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8669242\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"715\" height=\"378\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-13.png 715w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-13-300x159.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VOR: Bunun VOR checkpoint&#8217;i oldu\u011funu belirten k\u0131saltma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>116.3: \u00d6rnek ilgili VOR&#8217;un frekans\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>147\u00b0: \u00d6rnek VOR bearing&#8217;i. VOR checkpoint&#8217;inde g\u00f6sterilebilecek en yak\u0131n derece.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4.3 NM: \u00d6rnek deniz mili cinsinden VOR ile birlikte yerle\u015ftirilen DME&#8217;ye mesafe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antalya Havaliman\u0131&#8217;ndaki bir VOR checkpoint levhas\u0131 (2017):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8669945&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8669945\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"590\" height=\"474\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-55.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2530\" style=\"width:513px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-55.png 590w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-55-300x241.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AIP_Yayinlarinda_veya_ICAO_Chartlarda_Belirtilmesi\"><\/span>AIP Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda veya ICAO Chartlar&#8217;da Belirtilmesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir havaalan\u0131 veya heliporttaki VOR checkpoint&#8217;lerin konumu ve ilgili istasyonlar\u0131n frekans\u0131, ilgili meydan\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda belirtilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Havaalanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, <em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">AD 2<\/span><\/em> yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n <em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">AD 2.8 Aprons, taxiways and check locations\/positions data<\/span><\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 4. maddesinde VOR checkpoint&#8217;lerin konumu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heliportlar i\u00e7in, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>AD 3<\/em><\/span> yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n <em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">AD 3.8 Aprons, taxiways and check locations\/positions data<\/span><\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 5. maddesinde VOR checkpoint&#8217;lerin konumu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>Aerodrome<\/em>\/<em>Heliport Chart<\/em><\/span>&#8216;da VOR checkpoint&#8217;lerin chart \u00fczerinde konumu ve ilgili istasyonlar\u0131n frekans bilgileri.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"77\" class=\"wp-image-2434\" style=\"width: 320px;\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Aerodrome Ground Movement Chart<\/span><\/em>&#8216;da VOR checkpoint&#8217;lerin chart \u00fczerinde konumu ve ilgili istasyonlar\u0131n frekans bilgileri.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"124\" height=\"202\" class=\"wp-image-2436\" style=\"width: 124px;\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Aircraft Parking\/Docking Chart<\/span><\/em>&#8216;da  VOR checkpoint&#8217;lerin chart \u00fczerinde konumu ve ilgili istasyonlar\u0131n frekans bilgileri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO Annex 4 13.6 (r), 14.6 (l), 15.6 (k) (11th Ed. Amend. 61) &#8211; ICAO Doc 8697 (3rd Ed. Corr. 1) &#8211; ICAO Doc 10066 PANS-AIM (1st Ed. Amend. 1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnekler:<\/strong> K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ile i\u015faretlenenler VOR checkpoint&#8217;ler ile ilgili bilgi veya sembollerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LTAI Antalya Havaliman\u0131 <em>AIP<\/em> yay\u0131n\u0131n <em>AD 2.8<\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866a4a9&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866a4a9\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"848\" height=\"151\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-21.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-21.png 848w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-21-300x53.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-21-768x137.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antalya Havaliman\u0131 <em>Aerodrome Chart<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866adf3&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866adf3\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"555\" height=\"542\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-19.png 555w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-19-300x293.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_Aerodrome_Checkpoint%E2%80%98lerin_Kullanimi\"><\/span><em>VOR Aerodrome Checkpoint<\/em>&#8216;lerin Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7ak, <em>VOR Aerodrome Checkpoint<\/em>&#8216;in \u00fczerine gelip uygun \u015fekilde hizaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, RMI g\u00f6stergesi VOR checkpoint&#8217;de belirtilen bearing y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermeli ve VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na course de\u011feri olarak checkpoint&#8217;de belirtilen VOR bearing a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 veya z\u0131t y\u00f6n\u00fc ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, HSI veya CDI g\u00f6stergelerinin ibresi ortalanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, u\u00e7akta ve VOR istasyonunda DME varsa DME g\u00f6stergesi, checkpoint&#8217;de belirtilen mesafe de\u011ferine yak\u0131n bir de\u011fer g\u00f6stermelidir. E\u011fer VOR sinyal kalitesini engelleyen bir durum yoksa ve u\u00e7ak d\u00fczg\u00fcn hizaland\u0131ysa ve g\u00f6stregeler olmas\u0131 gerekenden \u00e7ok fazla sap\u0131yorsa, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ilgili VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131nda bir sorun oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR&#8217;un bir kontrol noktas\u0131na nispeten yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu durumlarda, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n VOR al\u0131c\u0131 anteninin do\u011frudan kontrol noktas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilmesine \u00f6zellikle dikkat edilmelidir. <sub>ICAO Annnex 10 Vol I Att E 2.4<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_Airborne_Checkpoint_FAA\"><\/span>VOR Airborne Checkpoint (FAA):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Havada kullan\u0131lan kontrol noktalar\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011frudan bir tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 yap\u0131lmasa da FAA k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131nda bu kavram ge\u00e7mekte ve Amerika&#8217;da bu t\u00fcr noktalar mevcuttur. Havada kontrol yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in genelde belirli noktalar veya bir ATS hava koridoru olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOT_VOR_Airborne_Equipment_Test_Facility\"><\/span>VOT (VOR Airborne Equipment Test Facility):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-5\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOT cihazlar\u0131, u\u00e7aktaki VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi denenebilmesi i\u00e7in deneme sinyali yay\u0131nlamaktad\u0131r. Olmas\u0131 gereken g\u00f6sterimin g\u00f6stergede g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcp g\u00f6z\u00fckmedi\u011fine bak\u0131larak s\u0131nama yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kanal tahsisi ve sinyal yap\u0131s\u0131, VOR&#8217;lar ile benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOTun_Calismasi_ve_Kullanimi\"><\/span>VOT&#8217;un \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOT cihaz\u0131, referans ve de\u011fi\u015fken sinyallerin yerine hep ayn\u0131 fazda sabit sinyaller yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u00e7aktaki al\u0131c\u0131daki faz fark\u0131 azimuta g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmez. Haliyle HSI veya CDI g\u00f6stergesinin course ayar\u0131 0 veya 180 derecedeyken ibre ortalan\u0131r. G\u00f6stergeler, course ayar\u0131 0 derecede ise &#8220;From&#8221;, 180 derecede ise &#8220;To&#8221; g\u00f6sterir. U\u00e7akta RMI varsa RMI g\u00f6stergesinin oku hep g\u00fcneyi g\u00f6sterir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc VOR istasyonunun 0 derece radyali \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011funu zanneder. E\u011fer VOT d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, u\u00e7ak kapsama alan\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ve g\u00f6stergeler bu \u015fekilde bir g\u00f6sterim yapm\u0131yorsa, u\u00e7aktaki ilgili VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131nda bir sorun oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> FAA, VOT&#8217;un havada kullan\u0131m\u0131na izin vermektedir lakin <em>Chart Supplement U.S.<\/em> veya ba\u015fka ge\u00e7erli kaynakta belirtilen alan veya irtifalar ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>US AIM<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol I Att E 1.2&#8217;deki maddelerden de yararlan\u0131larak t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f6stergedeki hata pay\u0131, mant\u0131ken sistem tolerans\u0131 + g\u00f6sterge hatas\u0131 kadar olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tanimlama_Kodu\"><\/span>Tan\u0131mlama Kodu:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOT, 1020 Hz tan\u0131mlama sinyali g\u00f6ndermelidir. Tan\u0131mlama kodu, test i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ay\u0131rt edici olaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde veya yere g\u00f6re yetkili otorite taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmelidir. <br><strong>Not:<\/strong> Bir devlette, VOT kapsam\u0131 tek bir havaalan\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funda, tan\u0131mlama s\u00fcrekli bir nokta dizisinden olu\u015fur. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol I Att E 1.7.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>FAA:<\/strong> \u0130ki t\u00fcr tan\u0131mlama kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Biri ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k noktalard\u0131r. Di\u011feri s\u00fcrekli tondur. Ayr\u0131 test sinyali ile ilgili bilgi, yerel <em>Flight Service Station (FSS)<\/em>&#8216;den al\u0131nabilir. <sub>US AIM 1-1-4 b<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sistem_Toleransi-2\"><\/span>Sistem Tolerans\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">VOT taraf\u0131ndan iletilen<\/span> bearing bilgisinin do\u011frulu\u011fu \u00b11 derece olmal\u0131d\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol I Att E 1.4.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kapsama_Alani\"><\/span>Kapsama Alan\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapsama alan\u0131 gereklilikleri ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc, yerel gerekliliklere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 kurulumlarda, 1 W gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc yeterlidir, Birden fazla biti\u015fik havaalan\u0131na tek bir cihaz\u0131n hizmet vermesi gibi durumlarda birka\u00e7 watt \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc kullan\u0131labilir. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol I Att E 1.5.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1 W \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc, hesaplamalara g\u00f6re ortalama <strong><em>BURASINI YAZMAYI UNUTMA<\/em><\/strong> kadar menzil sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hata_Algilama-2\"><\/span>Hata Alg\u0131lama:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Temel olarak, AM ve FM 30 Hz bile\u015fenlerinin ilgili faz\u0131n\u0131n mekanik olarak kilitlenmesi ve VOT Otoritesinin periyodik denetimi ve uzaktan denetimi i\u00e7in tesislerin mevcut olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla, VOT&#8217;un s\u00fcrekli otomatik izlenmesine gerek yoktur. <sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol I Att E 1.8.1<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Otomatik izleme kurulmas\u0131, VOT kurulumunun maliyetini iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karabilir. Bu y\u00fczden \u00e7o\u011fu yerel otorite muhtemelen sadece bir kontrol noktas\u0131ndan uzaktan denetim kullanmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fer bir otorite otomatik izleme kurmaya karar verirse, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ko\u015fullar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde kontrol noktas\u0131na uyar\u0131 iletilmeli ve yay\u0131n durdurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130zleme sistemindeki bir ar\u0131za da yay\u0131n\u0131 otomatik sonland\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VOT taraf\u0131ndan iletilen bearing bilgisinin izleme alan\u0131nda 1 derece sapmay\u0131 a\u015fmas\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130zleyicide 9960 Hz veya 30 Hz sinyallerinin seviyelerinin %50 d\u00fc\u015fmesi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>ICAO Annex 10 Vol I Att E 1.8.2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_VHF_Omnidirectional_Radio_Range_Calisma_Prensibi\"><\/span>VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(*, **, ICAO Annex 10 Vol. I, CAE Oxford ATPL kaynaklar\u0131 yorumlanarak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-6\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu k\u0131s\u0131mda, VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili bir benzetme ve merak edenler i\u00e7in veya telsiz i\u015fleriyle u\u011fra\u015fanlar i\u00e7in CVOR ve DVOR&#8217;un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensipleri anlat\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mod\u00fclasyon derinlikleri ve sinyal seviyeleri ile alakal\u0131 daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferler, ICAO Annex 10 Volume I&#8217;de yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Deniz_Feneri_Benzetmesi_Analojisi\"><\/span>Deniz Feneri Benzetmesi (Analojisi):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hareketli g\u00f6rsel:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866c90d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866c90d\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"432\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/vordenizfeneribenzetmesi.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2541\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deniz feneri benzetmesi, VOR&#8217;lar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibini anlatabilmek i\u00e7in s\u0131k ba\u015fvurulan bir benzetmedir. Bu benzetmede, bir adet lambas\u0131 s\u00fcrekli sabit ve bilinen a\u00e7\u0131sal h\u0131z ile d\u00f6nen (30 devir\/saniye) bir fener vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, fenerin lambas\u0131 her kuzeye d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde tek seferlik yan\u0131p s\u00f6nen bir de referans \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. (Animasyonda ye\u015fil ile belirtilmi\u015f.) Bu d\u00fczenekte, fenerin etraf\u0131ndaki bir ki\u015fi, referans \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131p s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6ren ve bu andan itibaren s\u00fcre tutmaya ba\u015flayan bir g\u00f6zlemci, fenerin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman, referans \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden itibaren fenerin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zamana kadarki s\u00fcreyi ve fenerin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131sal h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, fenerin kuzeyinden itibaren hangi a\u00e7\u0131da bulundu\u011funu hesaplayabilir. Burada referans \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015flevini VOR&#8217;da 30 Hz referans sinyal yapar, fenerin i\u015fini de 30 Hz de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal yapar. Demod\u00fcle edilen sinyallerin faz fark\u0131na bak\u0131larak bulunulan radyal \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conventional_VOR_CVOR_Calisma_Prensibi\"><\/span>Conventional VOR (CVOR) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866cf04&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866cf04\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2566\" style=\"width:263px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72-1536x1152.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-72.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Referans_sinyali\"><\/span>Referans sinyali:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Referans sinyali, VOR&#8217;un ortas\u0131ndaki y\u00f6ns\u00fcz bir antenden yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Bilgi sinyali 30 Hz sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131, FM olarak mod\u00fcle edilir. Kullan\u0131lan FM mod\u00fclasyonunun bant geni\u015fli\u011fi, kendisinin merkez frekans\u0131na (yan ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na) g\u00f6re \u00b1480 Hz&#8217;dir. Bu FM referans sinyali, VOR kanal\u0131n\u0131n merkez frekans\u0131n\u0131n -9960 Hz ve +9960 Hz yan bantlar\u0131nda yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">30 Hz referans bilgi sinyali, saniyede 30 devir atan de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu her kuzeye u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tepe yapacak \u015fekilde ayarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6ns\u00fcz anten ile yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, VOR \u00e7evresindeki bir al\u0131c\u0131, VOR&#8217;a g\u00f6re bulundu\u011fu y\u00f6nden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak hep ayn\u0131 fazda sinyal al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Degisken_sinyal\"><\/span>De\u011fi\u015fken sinyal:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De\u011fi\u015fken sinyal, erken VOR cihazlar\u0131nda antenlerin mekanik olarak d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle elde edilse de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde VOR&#8217;un ortas\u0131na konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 2 \u00e7ift <em>Alford loop<\/em> antenlerinin uygun elektronik s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc devreleri sayesinde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 antenlerin z\u0131t kutuplarda olmas\u0131 \u00fczere ve saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde genliklerinin de\u011fi\u015fecek \u015fekilde anahtarlanmas\u0131yla elde edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Alford loop<\/em> anten grubu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866d9c8&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866d9c8\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"148\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-65.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2554\" style=\"width:208px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-65.png 331w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-65-300x134.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 antenlerin z\u0131t kutuplarda olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 tek y\u00f6ne do\u011fru bir sinyal lobu elde edilir. Bu lob <em>lima\u00e7on e\u011firisi<\/em> \u015feklindedir. Ayr\u0131ca bu lob, antenlerin uygun \u015fekilde anahtarlanmas\u0131yla saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde saniyede 30 devir yapacak \u015fekilde s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866e16c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866e16c\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"459\" height=\"353\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-67.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-67.png 459w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-67-300x231.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 459px) 100vw, 459px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu sinyal lobu, d\u00fcz, mod\u00fclesiz, frekans\u0131 VOR kanal\u0131n\u0131n merkez frekans\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferinde olan \u00f6zelliksiz bir sin\u00fcs sinyalidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sinyal lobu d\u00f6nerken, VOR \u00e7evresinde bulunan hava arac\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hava arac\u0131ndaki al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 genlik artar, al\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 ge\u00e7ince genlik azalmaya ba\u015flar. Sinyal lobu al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funun tam aski y\u00f6n\u00fcndeyken de genlik en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde olur. Sinyal lobu, d\u00f6nerken al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden saniyede 30 defa ge\u00e7ece\u011fi i\u00e7in sinyalin genli\u011fi 30 defa art\u0131p azal\u0131r. Bu durumda al\u0131c\u0131, d\u00f6nen mod\u00fclesin sinyal lobunu 30 Hz bilgi sinyali i\u00e7eren AM (genlik) mod\u00fcleli sinyal olarak alg\u0131lar. Bilgi sinyali de sin\u00fczoidal olacakt\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7embersel hareket yapan hareketlinin iz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc sin\u00fczoidald\u0131r, haliyle d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7embersel hareket yapan sinyal lobunun al\u0131c\u0131daki genlik de\u011fi\u015fimi de sin\u00fczoidal olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De\u011fi\u015fken sinyalin zamana g\u00f6re tepe yapmas\u0131 yan\u0131 faz\u0131, haliyle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n VOR&#8217;a g\u00f6re y\u00f6n\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_Sinyallerinin_Cozumlenmesi\"><\/span>VOR Sinyallerinin \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866eb8f&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866eb8f\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"691\" height=\"488\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-68.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-68.png 691w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-68-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 691px) 100vw, 691px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131nda, mod\u00fcleli referans ve de\u011fi\u015fken sinyallerin i\u00e7erdi\u011fi 30 Hz bilgi sinyalleri demod\u00fcle edilir. Elde edilen 30 Hz referans sinyal ile 30 Hz de\u011fi\u015fken sinyalin faz fark\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131r. Faz fark\u0131, o anda bulunulan VOR radyalini verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kuzeyde bulunan al\u0131c\u0131da, faz fark\u0131 0 derecedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu kuzeydeyken referans sinyali de tepe noktas\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Do\u011fudaki al\u0131c\u0131da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal, referans sinyalin 90\u00b0 gerisindedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu kuzeye geldi\u011finde referans sinyal tepe yapt\u0131ktan sonra d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu, 0\u00b0den 90\u00b0ye gelene kadar \u00e7eyrek periyot (90\u00b0) harcar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00fcneydeki al\u0131c\u0131da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal, referans sinyalin 180\u00b0 gerisindedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu kuzeye geldi\u011finde referans sinyal tepe yapt\u0131ktan sonra d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu, 0\u00b0den 180\u00b0ye gelene kadar yar\u0131m periyot (180\u00b0) harcar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bat\u0131daki al\u0131c\u0131da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal, referans sinyalin 270\u00b0 gerisindedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu kuzeye geldi\u011finde referans sinyal tepe yapt\u0131ktan sonra d\u00f6nen de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal lobu, 0\u00b0den 270\u00b0ye gelene kadar 4\/3 periyot (270\u00b0) harcar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doppler_VOR_DVOR_Calisma_Prensibi\"><\/span>Doppler VOR (DVOR) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866f5e2&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866f5e2\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"838\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-1024x838.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2573\" style=\"width:339px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-1024x838.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-300x246.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75-768x629.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-75.png 1300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Referans_Sinyal\"><\/span>Referans Sinyal:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Referans sinyal ise, VOR&#8217;un merkezindeki bir y\u00f6ns\u00fcz antenden yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. VOR kanal\u0131n\u0131n merkez frekans\u0131nda AM mod\u00fclelidir ve 30 Hz d\u00fcz sin\u00fcs bilgi sinyali i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Degisken_Sinyal\"><\/span>De\u011fi\u015fken Sinyal:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Doppler VOR&#8217;da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal, VOR tablas\u0131 \u00fczerinde yakla\u015f\u0131k belirli bir yar\u0131\u00e7apta konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 50 adet <em>Alford loop<\/em> antenler kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 antenler birlikte olmak \u00fczere, saat y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersi y\u00f6nde s\u0131rayla saniyede 30 devir olmak \u00fczere anahtarlan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d866fd9e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d866fd9e\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"462\" height=\"188\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2571\" style=\"width:365px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74.png 462w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-74-300x122.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 462px) 100vw, 462px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">G\u00f6rsel: https:\/\/aviation.stackexchange.com\/questions\/29879\/what-is-the-difference-between-conventional-vor-and-doppler-vor<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmedeki ama\u00e7, 480 Hz <em>doppler kaymas\u0131<\/em> elde etmektir. Bir elektomanyetik dalgan\u0131n 480 Hz <em>doppler kaymas\u0131<\/em> olu\u015fturabilmesi i\u00e7in, doppler kaymas\u0131 hesab\u0131na g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k 1300 m\/s ile hareket ettirilmesi gerekmektedir. \u00c7embersel hareket hesaplamalar\u0131 gere\u011fi, antenler, saniyede 30 devir ile d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken \u00e7izgisel h\u0131z\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 1300 m\/s olabilmesi i\u00e7in antenlerin yakla\u015f\u0131k 14 m yar\u0131\u00e7apta dizilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. (~1300 m\/s = 30 cps \u00d7 \u03c0 \u00d7 ~14 m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 antenlerin biri, VOR kanal\u0131n\u0131n merkez frekans\u0131ndan -9960 Hz&#8217;de di\u011feri +9960 Hz&#8217;de yay\u0131n yapar. Antenlerden yay\u0131nlanan sinyal d\u00fcz mod\u00fclesiz sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n antenlerin s\u0131ras\u0131yla anahtarlanmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yani yay\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hareketli olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131, <em>doppler<\/em> etkisi nedeniyle Merkez-9960 Hz ve Merkez+9960 Hz&#8217;lik sinyalleri \u00b1480 Hz <em>doppler<\/em> kaymas\u0131yla alg\u0131lar. Al\u0131c\u0131daki \u00b1480 Hz de\u011fi\u015fim, CVOR&#8217;un referans sinyaline benzer \u015fekilde al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fczerinde -9960 Hz ve +9960 Hz yan bantlarda \u00b1480 Hz bant geni\u015fli\u011finde FM mod\u00fcleli sinyal alg\u0131lanmas\u0131na sebebiyet verir. D\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmenin saniyede 30 devir olmas\u0131 nedeniyle bu -480 Hz ile +480 Hz aras\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fim saniyede 30 defa olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan alg\u0131lanan sinyal 30 Hz de\u011fi\u015fken bilgi sinyali i\u00e7eren bir FM sinyali gibidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d86704ce&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d86704ce\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"279\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-1024x279.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2568\" style=\"width:546px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-1024x279.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-300x82.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-768x209.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73-1536x418.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-73.png 1539w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">G\u00f6rsel: https:\/\/aviation.stackexchange.com\/questions\/33834\/what-causes-the-phase-to-change-in-a-vor<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alicinin_Hem_CVOR_Hem_de_DVOR_ile_Uyumlu_Olmasi\"><\/span>Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Hem CVOR Hem de DVOR ile Uyumlu Olmas\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fark edildi\u011fi \u00fczere, al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan alg\u0131lanan DVOR&#8217;un referans sinyali, CVOR&#8217;un de\u011fi\u015fken sinyaliyle; DVOR&#8217;un de\u011fi\u015fken sinyali de CVOR&#8217;un referans sinyaliyle benzerdir. Haliyle VOR al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, sinyalleri CVOR ile benzer \u015fekilde yorumlayabilmesi i\u00e7in DVOR&#8217;da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal saat y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc al\u0131c\u0131, DVOR&#8217;un de\u011fi\u015fken sinyalini referans, referans sinyalini de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal olarak yorumlar. Haliyle DVOR&#8217;da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal, saat y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrse, al\u0131c\u0131 bunu referans sinyal olarak yorumlayaca\u011f\u0131ndan g\u00f6receli olarak DVOR referans sinyal ise CVOR de\u011fi\u015fken sinyaliymi\u015f gibi saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00f6n\u00fcyormu\u015f gibi alg\u0131lar ve CVOR gibi yorumlayabilir. DVOR&#8217;da de\u011fi\u015fken sinyalin CVOR&#8217;un aksine saat y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin sebebi bu y\u00fczdendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_Sinyallerinin_Spektrum_Grafiginde_ve_Osiloskopta_Incelenmesi\"><\/span>VOR Sinyallerinin Spektrum Grafi\u011finde ve Osiloskopta \u0130ncelenmesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnek ger\u00e7ek DVOR istasyonu sinyalleri:<\/strong><br>(114.0 MHz DVOR, tan\u0131mlama kodu: AYT, bulunulan radyal: yakla\u015f\u0131k 182-184\u00b0)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8670cb4&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8670cb4\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"654\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/aciklamali-Kopya-2-1024x654.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2553\" style=\"width:1035px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/aciklamali-Kopya-2-1024x654.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/aciklamali-Kopya-2-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/aciklamali-Kopya-2-768x490.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/aciklamali-Kopya-2-1536x981.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/aciklamali-Kopya-2.png 1615w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DVOR sinyallerinin 1020 Hz AM mod\u00fcleli tan\u0131mlama kodunun AM mod\u00fclasyon sonucu olu\u015fan \u00b11020 Hz yan frekanslar\u0131, -9960 Hz ve +9960 Hz yan bandlardaki FM de\u011fi\u015fken sinyaller ve ortadaki b\u00f6lgenin b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde g\u00f6z\u00fcken 30 Hz bilgi sinyali ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in referans sinyalinin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 frekanstan \u00b130 Hz&#8217;deki yan frekanslar\u0131, ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnde g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FM de\u011fi\u015fken sinyal ile AM referans sinyali demod\u00fcle edilip elde edilen 30 Hz referans ve de\u011fi\u015fken bilgi sinyalleri uygun genlik ayarlamalar\u0131ndan sonra osiloskop ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, beklenilene yak\u0131n faz fark\u0131 elde edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(Ye\u015fil: referans, K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131: de\u011fi\u015fken)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8671425&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8671425\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"513\" height=\"416\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-69.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2560\" style=\"width:343px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-69.png 513w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-69-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 513px) 100vw, 513px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VOR_ile_Alakali_Diger_Bilgiler\"><\/span>VOR ile Alakal\u0131 Di\u011fer Bilgiler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mobil_VOR_Istasyonu\"><\/span>Mobil VOR \u0130stasyonu:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mobil_VOR_Cihazi\"><\/span>Mobil VOR Cihaz\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mobil VOR istasyonu, ge\u00e7ici olarak VOR istasyonu kurulmas\u0131 gereken yerler i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Kolayca istenilen yere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in tekerlekleri olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad27d8671c20&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad27d8671c20\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"485\" height=\"348\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2380\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4.png 485w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-4-300x215.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 485px) 100vw, 485px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mobil_VOR_Icin_Tasarlanmis_Gecici_Chart_Ornekleri\"><\/span>Mobil VOR \u0130\u00e7in Tasarlanm\u0131\u015f Ge\u00e7ici Chart \u00d6rnekleri: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LTCI-CHARTs.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"LTCI-CHARTs g\u00f6m\u00fcs\u00fc.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-eb4aed1a-cfed-4e1d-8787-49408d53fef8\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LTCI-CHARTs.pdf\">LTCI-CHARTs<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/LTCI-CHARTs.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-eb4aed1a-cfed-4e1d-8787-49408d53fef8\">\u0130ndir<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Amerikadaki_VOR_MON_Minimum_Operational_Network_Agi\"><\/span>Amerikada&#8217;ki VOR MON (Minimum Operational Network) A\u011f\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(US AIM)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR&#8217;lara dayal\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f prosed\u00fcrleri ve rota yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yerini kademeli olarak Performance Based Navigation (PBN) prosed\u00fcrleri al\u0131rken, FAA se\u00e7ilen VOR&#8217;lar\u0131 hizmetten kald\u0131r\u0131yor. PBN prosed\u00fcrleri \u00f6ncelikle GPS ve toplu olarak Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) olarak an\u0131lan <em>augmentation<\/em> sistemleri taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131r. DME\/DME ekipman\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan u\u00e7aklar, GNSS kesintisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda PBN ile u\u00e7maya devam etmek i\u00e7in yedek sa\u011flayan RNAV&#8217;\u0131 da kullanabilir. DME\/DME ta\u015f\u0131mayan u\u00e7aklar i\u00e7in FAA, GNSS&#8217;nin kullan\u0131lamamas\u0131 durumunda operat\u00f6rlerin kullanabilece\u011fi temel bir geleneksel navigasyon hizmeti sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla VOR MON ad\u0131 verilen s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir VOR a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 elinde tutuyor. Bir GNSS kesintisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda MON, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n etkilenen alandan ge\u00e7mesine veya GNSS&#8217;ye g\u00fcvenmeden bir MON havaalan\u0131na g\u00fcvenli bir ini\u015f yapmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yacakt\u0131r. MON kullanarak navigasyon, yeni PBN rota yap\u0131s\u0131 kadar verimli olmayacakt\u0131r, ancak MON&#8217;un kullan\u0131m\u0131, Bat\u0131 ABD Da\u011fl\u0131k B\u00f6lgesi (WUSMA) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, <em>NAS<\/em> boyunca 5.000 feet AGL&#8217;de neredeyse s\u00fcrekli VOR sinyal kapsama alan\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NOT: WUSMA&#8217;daki seyr\u00fcsefer yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 ve rota yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik bir plan yok<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VOR MON, esas olarak DME\/DME aviyonikleri ile donat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f IFR u\u00e7aklar i\u00e7in muhafaza edildi. Ancak VFR u\u00e7aklar MON&#8217;u istenildi\u011fi gibi kullanabilir. DME\/DME navigasyon sistemleriyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f u\u00e7aklar, \u00e7o\u011fu durumda var\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131na RNAV kullanarak u\u00e7u\u015fa devam etmek i\u00e7in DME\/DME&#8217;yi kullan\u0131r. Ancak bu u\u00e7aklar elbette MON&#8217;u kullanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genel k\u00fclt\u00fcr olu\u015fturabilmesi amac\u0131yla VOR MON&#8217;un tan\u0131m\u0131 yaz\u0131da verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili bilgiler bu yaz\u0131da anlat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r. Belki farkl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131da bahsedilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-613\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22.png 600w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22-300x1.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22-150x1.png 150w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ayrac-22-590x1.png 590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ayr\u0131ca Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/havacilikta-kullanilan-yonler\/\">Y\u00f6nler ile ilgili kavramlar.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/sdr-cihazi-ile-radyo-seyrusefer-cihazlarinin-incelenmesi\/\">SDR Cihaz\u0131 ile Radyo Seyr\u00fcsefer Cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ncelenmesi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=o11Sa4J0I0I&amp;t=4s\">Siirt G\u00f6k\u00e7eba\u011f VOR \u0130stasyonu&#8217;na sald\u0131r\u0131.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcncellemeler:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ana Kaynaklar:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ICAO Annex 10 Vol. I (17th Ed. Amend. 92)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Annex 14 Vol. I (9th Ed. Amend. 17)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CAE Oxford Aviation Academy ATPL Ground Training Series Book 11 (EASA 1st Ed. Rev. for NPA 29) &#8211; Radio Navigation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>US AIM (20 April 2023)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>*: <a href=\"https:\/\/aviation.stackexchange.com\/questions\/33834\/what-causes-the-phase-to-change-in-a-vor\">https:\/\/aviation.stackexchange.com\/questions\/33834\/what-causes-the-phase-to-change-in-a-vor<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>**: <a href=\"https:\/\/aviation.stackexchange.com\/questions\/29879\/what-is-the-difference-between-conventional-vor-and-doppler-vor\">https:\/\/aviation.stackexchange.com\/questions\/29879\/what-is-the-difference-between-conventional-vor-and-doppler-vor<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6stergeler ve radyal tutma \u00f6rneklerinin g\u00f6rselleri: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luizmonteiro.com\/\">https:\/\/www.luizmonteiro.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu Yaz\u0131 Dizisi Hakk\u0131nda: Bu yaz\u0131 dizimizde; havac\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lan radyo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,12],"tags":[474,151,455,458,463,454,451,173,456,453,452,136,464,462,135,132,412,209,401,303,466,468,460,461,171,472,473,459,471,457,467,470],"class_list":["post-2589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hava-radyo-seyrusefer-ve-iletisim-sistemleri","category-cns-sistemleri","tag-aerodrome-checkpoint","tag-aletli-ucus","tag-alford-loop","tag-calisir","tag-cdi","tag-conventional-vor","tag-cvor","tag-dme","tag-doppler-etkisi","tag-doppler-vor","tag-dvor","tag-faa","tag-horizontal-situation-display","tag-hsi","tag-icao","tag-ifr","tag-nasil","tag-navigasyon","tag-nedir","tag-rmi","tag-seyrusefer-sistemler","tag-seyrusefer-sistemleri","tag-vhf","tag-vhf-omnidirectional-radio-range","tag-vor","tag-vor-check","tag-vor-checkpoint","tag-vor-nasil-calisir","tag-vor-navigasyonu","tag-vor-nedir","tag-vor-seyruseferi","tag-vot"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>VOR Nedir? Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? VOR \u0130stasyonu \u00d6zellikleri ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, VOR \u00e7e\u015fitlerini (CVOR Doppler VOR VOR\/DME VORTAC VOT) ve nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fiz. HSI, CDI gibi g\u00f6stergeleri g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/radyo-seyrusefer-sistemleri-4-vor-sistemleri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"VOR Nedir? Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? VOR \u0130stasyonu \u00d6zellikleri ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, VOR \u00e7e\u015fitlerini (CVOR Doppler VOR VOR\/DME VORTAC VOT) ve nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fiz. 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