{"id":3846,"date":"2025-12-23T02:34:25","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T23:34:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/?p=3846"},"modified":"2026-04-25T17:06:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T14:06:28","slug":"seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130rtifa\/Y\u00fckseklik, U\u00e7u\u015f ve Seyir Seviyeleri, Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri ve Do\u011frultmalar\u0131, VSM ve RVSM [ICAO+EUR+T\u00fcrkiye]"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler:<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Bu_Yazi_Hakkinda\" >Bu Yaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Dusey_Mesafeler_ve_Baslangic_Yuzeyleri_ICAO\" >D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafeler ve Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Y\u00fczeyleri [ICAO]:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-2\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Dusey_Mesafe_Kavramlari\" >D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafe Kavramlar\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Yukseklik_Height_HGT\" >Y\u00fckseklik [Height] (HGT):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Irtifa_Altitude_ALT\" >\u0130rtifa [Altitude] (ALT):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seviye_Level_LVL\" >Seviye [Level] (LVL):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Seviyesi_Flight_Level_FL\" >U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi [Flight Level] (FL):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Tanimi\" >Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Seviyesi_Sistemi\" >U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi Sistemi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Standard_Metric\" >Standard Metric:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Baslangic_Yuzeyi_Datum_Turleri\" >Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Y\u00fczeyi [Datum] T\u00fcrleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-3\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#QNH\" >QNH:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#QFE\" >QFE:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#10132_hPa\" >1013.2 hPa:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Yukseklik_Irtifa_Ucus_Seviyesi_Baslangic_Yuzeyleri_ve_Atmosferik_Basinc_Arasindaki_Iliski\" >Y\u00fckseklik, \u0130rtifa, U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi, Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Y\u00fczeyleri ve Atmosferik Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altimetre_Ayar_Prosedurleri_ICAO\" >Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri [ICAO]:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-4\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#TA_TRL_Transition_Layer_ve_Altimetre_Ayarlari_Hakkinda_Ozet\" >TA \/ TRL \/ Transition Layer ve Altimetre Ayarlar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda \u00d6zet:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Gecis_Ile_Alakali_Seviyeler\" >Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u0130le Alakal\u0131 Seviyeler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Transition_Altitude_TA\" >Transition Altitude (TA):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Tanimi-2\" >Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Belirlenmesi\" >Belirlenmesi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Transition_Level_TRL\" >Transition Level (TRL):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Tanimi-3\" >Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Belirlenmesi-2\" >Belirlenmesi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Transition_Layer\" >Transition Layer:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Tanimi-4\" >Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#TA_TRL_Transition_Layer_ve_Dusey_Mesafe_Turleri_Arasindaki_Baglantilar\" >TA \/ TRL \/ Transition Layer ve D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafe T\u00fcrleri Aras\u0131ndaki Ba\u011flant\u0131lar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Dusey_Mesafe_Turleri_Referanslari_TA_TRL_Kullanimiyla_Alakali_Isleticiler_ve_Pilotlar_icin_Prosedurler\" >D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafe T\u00fcrleri, Referanslar\u0131, TA \/ TRL Kullan\u0131m\u0131yla Alakal\u0131 \u0130\u015fleticiler ve Pilotlar i\u00e7in Prosed\u00fcrler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Planlama\" >U\u00e7u\u015f Planlama:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Kalkis_ve_Tirmanis\" >Kalk\u0131\u015f ve T\u0131rman\u0131\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#En_Route\" >En Route:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Yaklasma_ve_Inis\" >Yakla\u015fma ve \u0130ni\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Oncesi_Operasyonel_Test\" >U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi Operasyonel Test:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Referans_Turlerinin_Ucus_Safhalarina_Gore_Saglanmasi\" >Referans T\u00fcrlerinin U\u00e7u\u015f Safhalar\u0131na G\u00f6re Sa\u011flanmas\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Kalkis_ve_Tirmanis-2\" >Kalk\u0131\u015f ve T\u0131rman\u0131\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#En_Route-2\" >En Route:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Yaklasma_ve_Inis-2\" >Yakla\u015fma ve \u0130ni\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Pas_Gecme\" >Pas Ge\u00e7me:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altimetre_Dogrultmalari_ICAO\" >Altimetre Do\u011frultmalar\u0131 [ICAO]:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-5\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Basinc_Dogrultmalari\" >Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Do\u011frultmalar\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Seviyesi_FL_Kullanilirken\" >U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi (FL) Kullan\u0131l\u0131rken:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#QNH_ya_da_QFE_altimetre_ayari_kullanilirken\" >QNH ya da QFE altimetre ayar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rken:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Sicaklik_Dogrultmalari\" >S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultmalar\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Sicaklik_Dogrultmasi_Gerekliligi\" >S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultmas\u0131 Gereklili\u011fi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Kucuk_Dogrultmalar_Hakkinda\" >K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Do\u011frultmalar Hakk\u0131nda:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Pratik_Sicaklik_Dogrultmasi_Yontemi\" >Pratik S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultmas\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Sicaklik_Dogrultma_Tablolari\" >S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultma Tablolar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Daglik_Alanlarda_Dogrultmalar\" >Da\u011fl\u0131k Alanlarda Do\u011frultmalar:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Daglik_Alan_Tanimi\" >Da\u011fl\u0131k Alan Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#En-Route%E2%80%98da_Daglik_Alanlar\" >En-Route&#8216;da Da\u011fl\u0131k Alanlar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Terminal_Alanda_Daglik_Arazi\" >Terminal Alanda Da\u011fl\u0131k Arazi:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Vertical_Seperation_Minima_VSM_ve_RVSM_ICAO\" >Vertical Seperation Minima (VSM) ve RVSM [ICAO]:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-6\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-7\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#VSM_ve_RVSM%E2%80%98nin_Tarihsel_Gelisim_Sureci_Ozeti\" >VSM ve RVSM&#8216;nin Tarihsel Geli\u015fim S\u00fcreci \u00d6zeti:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#VSM_Degerleri\" >VSM De\u011ferleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Dusey_Hata_ve_Azami_Seviye_Tasmasi_Degerleri\" >D\u00fc\u015fey Hata ve Azami Seviye Ta\u015fmas\u0131 De\u011ferleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altimetre_Dusey_Hata_Turleri\" >Altimetre D\u00fc\u015fey Hata T\u00fcrleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altimetre_Sistem_Performansi_Gerekliligi_RVSM\" >Altimetre Sistem Performans\u0131 Gereklili\u011fi (RVSM):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altimetreler_Arasi_Azami_Fark\" >Altimetreler Aras\u0131 Azami Fark:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seviye_Bilgisinin_Dogrulanmasi_ve_Seviye_Isgalinin_Tespiti\" >Seviye Bilgisinin Do\u011frulanmas\u0131 ve Seviye \u0130\u015fgalinin Tespiti:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Icin_Techizat_Gereklilikleri\" >RVSM \u0130\u00e7in Te\u00e7hizat Gereklilikleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Prosedurleri\" >RVSM Prosed\u00fcrleri:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seyir_Seviyeleri_ICAO\" >Seyir Seviyeleri [ICAO]:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Cruising_Level_Seyir_Seviyesi_Tanimi\" >Cruising Level [Seyir Seviyesi] Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Gecerlilik_Durumu\" >ICAO Seyir Seviyelerinin Ge\u00e7erlilik Durumu:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seyir_Seviyesinin_Belirlenmesi\" >Seyir Seviyesinin Belirlenmesi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Kisitlayan_Diger_Alt_%E2%80%93_Ust_Sinirlar\" >Seyir Seviyelerinin K\u0131s\u0131tlayan Di\u011fer Alt &#8211; \u00dcst S\u0131n\u0131rlar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Degerleri\" >Seyir Seviyelerinin De\u011ferleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Giris-8\" >Giri\u015f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Yarim_Daire_Kurali_Semi-circular_Rule_Hakkinda\" >Yar\u0131m Daire Kural\u0131 (Semi-circular Rule) Hakk\u0131nda:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Track_Degerleri_Hakkinda_Bilgiler_ve_Notlar\" >Track De\u011ferleri Hakk\u0131nda Bilgiler ve Notlar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Olmayan_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_FL_%E2%80%93_Feet_%E2%80%93_Metre_Karsiliklari\" >RVSM Olmayan Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 FL &#8211; Feet &#8211; Metre Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_FL_%E2%80%93_Feet_%E2%80%93_Metre_Karsiliklari\" >RVSM Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 FL &#8211; Feet &#8211; Metre Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Olmayan_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_Standard_Metric_%E2%80%93_Metre_%E2%80%93_Feet_Karsiliklari\" >RVSM Olmayan Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 Standard Metric &#8211; Metre &#8211; Feet Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_Standard_Metric_%E2%80%93_Metre_%E2%80%93_Feet_Karsiliklari\" >RVSM Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 Standard Metric &#8211; Metre &#8211; Feet Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altimetre_Ayar_Prosedurleri_ve_Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Havacilik_Bilgi_Yayinlarindaki_Yeri\" >Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri ve Seyir Seviyelerinin Havac\u0131l\u0131k Bilgi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Yeri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_%E2%80%93_Ilgili_AIP_Bolumleri_ve_Chartlardaki_Gosterimler\" >ICAO &#8211; \u0130lgili AIP B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve Chartlardaki G\u00f6sterimler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ilgili_AIP_Bolumleri\" >\u0130lgili AIP B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#GEN_335_Minimum_flight_altitude\" >GEN 3.3.5 Minimum flight altitude:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ENR_17_Altimeter_setting_procedures\" >ENR 1.7 Altimeter setting procedures:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#AD_22_AD_32_AerodromeHeliport_geographical_and_administrive_data\" >AD 2.2 \/ AD 3.2 Aerodrome\/Heliport geographical and administrive data:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#AD_28_AD_38_Aprons_taxiways_and_check_locationspositions_data\" >AD 2.8 \/ AD 3.8 Aprons, taxiways and check locations\/positions data:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Alakali_Olabilecek_Diger_AIP_Bolumleri\" >Alakal\u0131 Olabilecek Di\u011fer AIP B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Chartlar_Uzerinde_Gosterimler\" >Chart&#8217;lar \u00dczerinde G\u00f6sterimler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Standard_Departure_Chart_%E2%80%94_Instrument_SID_%E2%80%94_ICAO_Transition_Altitude\" >Standard Departure Chart \u2014 Instrument (SID) \u2014 ICAO (Transition Altitude):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Standard_Arrival_Chart_%E2%80%94_Instrument_STAR_%E2%80%94_ICAO_Transition_Altitude\" >Standard Arrival Chart \u2014 Instrument (STAR) \u2014 ICAO (Transition Altitude):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Instrument_Approach_Chart_%E2%80%94_ICAO_IAC_Transition_Altitude\" >Instrument Approach Chart \u2014 ICAO, (IAC) (Transition Altitude):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#AerodromeHeliport_Chart_%E2%80%94_ICAO_ADC_Altimetre_kontrol_noktasi\" >Aerodrome\/Heliport Chart \u2014 ICAO, (ADC) (Altimetre kontrol noktas\u0131):<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_%E2%80%93_Doc_7030_Regional_Supplementary_Procedures\" >ICAO &#8211; Doc 7030 Regional Supplementary Procedures:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Jeppesen_Airway_Manual_ve_Jeppesen_Chartlarindaki_Gosterimler\" >Jeppesen Airway Manual ve Jeppesen Chart&#8217;lar\u0131ndaki G\u00f6sterimler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Jeppesen_Airway_Manual\" >Jeppesen Airway Manual:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Jeppesen_Enroute_Chartlarinda_Gosterimler\" >Jeppesen Enroute Chart&#8217;lar\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#RVSM_Referans_Notu\" >RVSM Referans Notu:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Cruising_Levels\" >Cruising Levels:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Jeppesen_Terminal_Chart%E2%80%98larinda_Gosterimler\" >Jeppesen Terminal Chart&#8216;lar\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#SIDDP_ve_STAR_Chartlari_APT_ELEV_TL_TA\" >SID\/DP ve STAR Chart&#8217;lar\u0131 (APT ELEV, TL, TA):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Approach_Chart_%E2%80%93_Briefing_Strip_Bicimi_APT_ELEV_TDZE_Alt_Set_TL_TA\" >Approach Chart &#8211; Briefing Strip Bi\u00e7imi (APT ELEV, TDZE, Alt Set, TL, TA) :<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Bazi_Bolgesel_ve_Yerel_Uygulamalar\" >Baz\u0131 B\u00f6lgesel ve Yerel Uygulamalar:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Bazi_Diger_Havacilik_Otoritelerinin_Duzenlemelerindeki_Farklilik_Durumu\" >Baz\u0131 Di\u011fer Havac\u0131l\u0131k Otoritelerinin D\u00fczenlemelerindeki Farkl\u0131l\u0131k Durumu:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#EASA\" >EASA:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#NATOMIPS\" >NATO\/MIPS:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-108\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#FAA\" >FAA:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-109\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#EUROCONTROL_NM_Bolgesindeki_Ulkelerin_Hakim_Ucus_Yonleri\" >EUROCONTROL NM B\u00f6lgesindeki \u00dclkelerin Hakim U\u00e7u\u015f Y\u00f6nleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-110\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#EUROCONTROL_%E2%80%93_Level_Bust_Kavrami\" >EUROCONTROL &#8211; Level Bust Kavram\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-111\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_EUR_Bolgesinde_VSM_ve_RVSM_Uygulamasi\" >ICAO EUR B\u00f6lgesinde VSM ve RVSM Uygulamas\u0131:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-112\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Chapter_4_%E2%80%93_Navigation\" >Chapter 4 &#8211; Navigation:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-113\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#42_Reduced_Vertical_Separation_Miniumum_RVSM\" >4.2 Reduced Vertical Separation Miniumum (RVSM):<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-114\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Chapter_6_%E2%80%93_Air_Traffic_Services_ATS\" >Chapter 6 &#8211; Air Traffic Services (ATS):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-115\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#62_Separation_%E2%80%93_624_Vertical\" >6.2 Separation &#8211; 6.2.4 Vertical:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-116\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#63_Minimum_Flight_Level_%E2%80%93_631_Establishment\" >6.3 Minimum Flight Level &#8211; 6.3.1 Establishment:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-117\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#610_RVSM_Procedures\" >6.10 RVSM Procedures:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-118\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Chapter_9_-Special_Procedures\" >Chapter 9 -Special Procedures:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-119\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#971_EuropeanNorth_Atlantic_NAT_interface\" >9.7.1 European\/North Atlantic (NAT) interface:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-120\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Turkiyedeki_Yerel_Uygulamalar\" >T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki Yerel Uygulamalar:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-121\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_Standart_Onerilen_Uygulama_ve_Yontemleriyle_Farkliliklar_GEN_17\" >ICAO Standart, \u00d6nerilen Uygulama ve Y\u00f6ntemleriyle Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar (GEN 1.7):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-122\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Turk_Havasahasi_Icinde_Altimetre_Ayar_Usulleri_ENR_171_ENR_172\" >T\u00fcrk Havasahas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7inde Altimetre Ayar Usulleri (ENR 1.7.1, ENR 1.7.2):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-123\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Seyir_Seviye_Tablolari_ENR_173\" >Seyir Seviye Tablolar\u0131 (ENR 1.7.3):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-124\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Intikal_irtifanin_TA_Intikal_Seviyesine_TL_Cevrilmesi_ENR_1741\" >\u0130ntikal irtifan\u0131n (TA) \u0130ntikal Seviyesine (TL) \u00c7evrilmesi (ENR 1.7.4.1):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-125\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Bolgesel_Ek_Usuller_Doc_7030_ENR_18\" >B\u00f6lgesel Ek Usuller (Doc 7030) (ENR 1.8):<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-126\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ekler\" >Ekler:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-127\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Altitude_Alert_Cihazi\" >Altitude Alert Cihaz\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-128\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Planlarken_Seyir_Seviyesi_Seciminde_Dikkat_Edilmesi_Gerekebilecek_Diger_Etkenler\" >U\u00e7u\u015f Planlarken Seyir Seviyesi Se\u00e7iminde Dikkat Edilmesi Gerekebilecek Di\u011fer Etkenler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-129\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Dusey_Mesafelerle_Ilgili_Belirli_Bazi_Terimler_Tanimlar_ve_Kisaltmalar\" >D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafelerle \u0130lgili Belirli Baz\u0131 Terimler, Tan\u0131mlar ve K\u0131saltmalar:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-130\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_Terimleri\" >ICAO Terimleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-131\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_Harici_Terimler\" >ICAO Harici Terimler:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-132\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Oncesi_Altimetre_Kontrol_Noktalari\" >U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi Altimetre Kontrol Noktalar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-133\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_PANS-OPS_Vol_III_%E2%80%93_Altimetre_Ayar_Prosedurleri_%E2%80%93_Ucus_Oncesi_Operasyonel_Test\" >ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III &#8211; Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri &#8211; U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi Operasyonel Test:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-134\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_PANS-ATM_ATC_Dikey_Ayirma_Vertical_Separation_Prosedurleri_Ceviri\" >ICAO PANS-ATM ATC Dikey Ay\u0131rma [Vertical Separation] Prosed\u00fcrleri (\u00c7eviri):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-135\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Kontrollu_Ucuslar_Icin_Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Tahsisi\" >Kontroll\u00fc U\u00e7u\u015flar \u0130\u00e7in Seyir Seviyelerinin Tahsisi:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-136\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Tirmanis_veya_Alcalma_Sirasinda_Dikey_Ayirma\" >T\u0131rman\u0131\u015f veya Al\u00e7alma S\u0131ras\u0131nda Dikey Ay\u0131rma:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-137\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_Doc_9574_RVSM_Prosedurleri_Ceviri\" >ICAO Doc 9574 RVSM Prosed\u00fcrleri (\u00c7eviri):<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-138\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Genel_Prosedurler\" >Genel Prosed\u00fcrler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-139\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Ekibi_Prosedurleri\" >U\u00e7u\u015f Ekibi Prosed\u00fcrleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-140\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ucus_Ici_Prosedurler\" >U\u00e7u\u015f \u0130\u00e7i Prosed\u00fcrler:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-141\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Isletme_Kilavuzu_OM\" >\u0130\u015fletme K\u0131lavuzu (OM):<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-142\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ATC_Prosedurleri\" >ATC Prosed\u00fcrleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-143\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Genel\" >Genel:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-144\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ATC_Olagan_Disi_Durum_Prosedurleri\" >ATC Ola\u011fan D\u0131\u015f\u0131 Durum Prosed\u00fcrleri:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-145\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Askeri_Operasyonlar\" >Asker\u00ee Operasyonlar:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-146\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Meteorolojik_Kosullar\" >Meteorolojik Ko\u015fullar:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-147\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_PANS-OPS_Altimetre_Sicaklik_Dogrultma_Formulleri_Sayfalar\" >ICAO PANS-OPS Altimetre S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultma Form\u00fclleri (Sayfalar):<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-148\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#ICAO_Bolgesel_Ek_Usuller_Uygulama_Bolgeleri\" >ICAO B\u00f6lgesel Ek Usuller Uygulama B\u00f6lgeleri:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-149\" href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/seyir-seviyeleri-altimetre-ayar-usulleri\/#Ana_Kaynaklar\" >Ana&nbsp;Kaynaklar:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bu_Yazi_Hakkinda\"><\/span>Bu Yaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hava trafik y\u00f6netimini d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in, seyir seviyelerinin kullan\u0131m\u0131yla alakal\u0131 bir tak\u0131m d\u00fczenlemeler olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur ve u\u00e7u\u015f do\u011frultular\u0131na g\u00f6re kullan\u0131lacak seviyeler \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu belirlenen seviyelerdeki \u00f6ncelikli ama\u00e7lar, belirli bir <em>Vertical Seperation Minima (VSM)<\/em> do\u011frultusunda hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli bir irtifa ayr\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 do\u011frultularda seyreden hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 seviyeler kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak ayn\u0131 yol \u00fczerinde ayn\u0131 seviyede kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmelerini engelleyerek olas\u0131 bir \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca seyir halindeki hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n altimetrelerinin ayn\u0131 referans noktas\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fer g\u00f6sterebilmeleri ve de terminal sahadaki hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ise inecekleri veya kalkacaklar\u0131 havaalan\u0131na g\u00f6re daha do\u011fru altimetre de\u011ferleri g\u00f6rebilmeleri i\u00e7in bir tak\u0131m altimetre ayar usulleri geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda \u015fu konular yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Y\u00fckseklik<\/em>, <em>irtifa<\/em>, <em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi (FL)<\/em> kavramlar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi [datum] t\u00fcrleri (<em>QNH<\/em>, <em>QFE<\/em>,<em> 1013.2 hPa<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015fle alakal\u0131 kavramlar (T<em>ransition Altitude<\/em>, <em>Transition Level<\/em>, Transition Layer)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Altimetre ayar usulleri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Altimetre bas\u0131n\u00e7, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, r\u00fczgar do\u011frultmalar\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Vertical Seperation Minimum (VSM)<\/em> de\u011ferleri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Dikey Ay\u0131rma Minimas\u0131 (RVSM)<\/em> hakk\u0131nda temel bilgiler<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halk aras\u0131nda yar\u0131m daire kural\u0131 olarak da bilinen, yar\u0131m dairesel seyir seviyeleri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu yaz\u0131daki konularla ilgili d\u00fczenlemelerin havac\u0131l\u0131k bilgi yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda i\u015flenmesi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel veya yerel uygulama usulleri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Di\u011fer baz\u0131 kavramlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Dikey Ay\u0131rma<\/em> ve <em>RVSM<\/em> ile alakal\u0131 <em>u\u00e7u\u015f ekibi<\/em> ve <em>ATC<\/em> prosed\u00fcrleri.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>RVSM<\/em> ile alakal\u0131 hava arac\u0131 yap\u0131sal gereklilikleri ve onay s\u00fcreci, <em>RMA<\/em> gibi havac\u0131l\u0131k otoriteleri taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan baz\u0131 konulara de\u011finilmeyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Altimetre ayar usulleri, seyir seviyeleri ve <em>RVSM<\/em> ile alakal\u0131  frezyolojilere ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131da de\u011finilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dusey_Mesafeler_ve_Baslangic_Yuzeyleri_ICAO\"><\/span>D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafeler ve Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Y\u00fczeyleri [ICAO]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-2\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Havac\u0131l\u0131kta, farkl\u0131 referans noktalar\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe tan\u0131mlar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re altimetrenin ilgili <em>ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyine [datum]<\/em> ayarlanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde temel d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe tan\u0131mlar\u0131na ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeylerine de\u011finilecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Aerodrome Elevation<\/em>, <em>AMSL<\/em>, <em>MSL<\/em> vb. baz\u0131 belirli d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe kavramlar\u0131 ve k\u0131saltmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u015fey mesafe ve referans t\u00fcrlerinin kullan\u0131m yerleri ve aralar\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7i\u015f prosed\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in &#8220;Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Altimetrik hesaplamalar, standart atmosfer, irtifa t\u00fcrleri (<em>pressure<\/em>, <em>geometric<\/em>, <em>geopotantial<\/em>), y\u00fckseklik ve irtifalarla alakal\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u0131saltmalara vs. farkl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131da de\u011finilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dusey_Mesafe_Kavramlari\"><\/span>D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafe Kavramlar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yukseklik_Height_HGT\"><\/span><em>Y\u00fckseklik [Height] (HGT)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir seviye, bir nokta veya nokta olarak kabul edilen bir cismin, <strong>belirlenmi\u015f bir referans d\u00fczleminden<\/strong> \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi. <sub>ICAO Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Standart Atmosfer\u2019e g\u00f6re kalibre edilmi\u015f barometrik bir altimetre, <em><strong>QFE<\/strong><\/em> bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131na getirildi\u011finde havaalan\u0131 rak\u0131m\u0131na (<em>aerodrome elevation<\/em>) g\u00f6re y\u00fcksekli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir (<em>altimetrik<\/em> olarak). <sub>ICAO Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Irtifa_Altitude_ALT\"><\/span><em>\u0130rtifa [Altitude] (ALT)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir seviye, bir nokta veya nokta olarak kabul edilen bir cismin, <em><strong>ortalama deniz seviyesinden [mean sea level] (MSL)<\/strong><\/em> \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi. <sub>ICAO Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Standart Atmosfer\u2019e g\u00f6re kalibre edilmi\u015f barometrik bir altimetre, <em><strong>QNH<\/strong><\/em> bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131na getirildi\u011finde irtifay\u0131 g\u00f6sterir (<em>altimetrik<\/em> olarak). <sub>ICAO Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seviye_Level_LVL\"><\/span><em>Seviye [Level] (LVL)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f h\u00e2lindeki bir hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey konumunu ifade eden ve ba\u011flama g\u00f6re y\u00fckseklik (height), irtifa (altitude) veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi (flight level) anlam\u0131na gelebilen genel bir terimdir. <sub>ICAO Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Seviyesi_Flight_Level_FL\"><\/span><em>U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi [Flight Level] (FL)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tanimi\"><\/span>Tan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Seyir Seviyesi [Cruising Level]<\/em> ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Belirli bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyine (1013.2 hPa)<\/strong> ba\u011fl\u0131 olan ve di\u011fer benzer y\u00fczeylerden belirli bas\u0131n\u00e7 aral\u0131klar\u0131yla ayr\u0131lan, sabit atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131na sahip bir y\u00fczeydir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Standart Atmosfer\u2019e g\u00f6re kalibre edilmi\u015f barometrik bir altimetre, <strong>1013.2 hPa<\/strong> bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131na getirildi\u011finde u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesini g\u00f6sterir (<em>altimetrik<\/em> olarak). <sub>ICAO Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Seviyesi_Sistemi\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi Sistemi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi s\u0131f\u0131r (FL 0), 1013.2 hPa atmosfer bas\u0131n\u00e7 seviyesinde yer alacakt\u0131r. Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri, standart atmosferde en az 500 ft (152,4 m)\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile birbirinden ayr\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OSP Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.1.1<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri, standart atmosferdeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen y\u00fcksekli\u011fi feet cinsinden ve metre cinsinden yakla\u015f\u0131k e\u015fde\u011fer y\u00fcksekli\u011fi g\u00f6steren a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloya g\u00f6re numaraland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <sub>ICAO PANS-OSP Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.1.2<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924c3331&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924c3331\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"676\" height=\"253\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4005\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16.png 676w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-16-300x112.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi belirtilirken, &#8220;FL&#8221; ibaresinden sonra altimetre de\u011feri birler ve onlar basama\u011f\u0131 olmadan yaz\u0131l\u0131r. <em>Seyir seviyesi<\/em> tablolar\u0131nda ilk basamaklar bo\u015fsa &#8220;0&#8221; yaz\u0131larak 3 basama\u011fa tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r fakat di\u011fer <em>ICAO<\/em> dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda yerine g\u00f6re 3 basama\u011fa tamamlanmadan da kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6r: FL 350 &#8211; 35000 ft, FL 025 \/ FL 25 &#8211; 2500 ft, FL 005 \/ FL 5 &#8211; 500 ft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Standard_Metric\"><\/span><em>Standard Metric<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ana \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm birimi metre olan yerlerde <em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi<\/em> yerine kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Altimetredeki de\u011ferin birler basama\u011f\u0131 olmadan yaz\u0131lmas\u0131yla belirtilir. <em>Seyir seviyesi<\/em> tablolar\u0131nda 4 basama\u011fa yuvarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin: 0135 &#8211; 1350 m, 1220 &#8211; 12200 m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Baslangic_Yuzeyi_Datum_Turleri\"><\/span><em>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Y\u00fczeyi [Datum] <\/em>T\u00fcrleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-3\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>ICAO PANS-OPS<\/em> kapsam\u0131nda \u015fu <em>ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyleri [datum]<\/em> mevcuttur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>QNH (Altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>QFE (Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>1013.2 hPa<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bas\u0131n\u00e7 birimi olarak, <em>ICAO<\/em> d\u00fczenlemelerinde genellikle <em>hektopaskal (hPa)<\/em> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca birim olarak <em>hPa<\/em>, <em>milibar<\/em>&#8216;a <em>(mb)<\/em> e\u015fittir. <em>FAA<\/em> d\u00fczenlemelerinde, genellikle in\u00e7-c\u0131va <em>(Inch of mercury) (inHg)<\/em> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>QNH<\/em> -veya uygulanan yerlerde <em>QFE<\/em>-; <em>METAR<\/em>, <em>ATIS<\/em>, <em>RTF<\/em> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla <em>ATC<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan gibi meteorolojik bilgi i\u00e7eren \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklardan edinilebilmektedir. Bu kaynaklar, ayr\u0131 bir yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>QNH<\/em> ve <em>QFE<\/em>, <em>ICAO PANS<\/em> k\u0131saltmalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren <em>PANS-ABC<\/em> k\u0131lavuzunun mevcut bas\u0131m\u0131nda Q kodu olarak tan\u0131mlanmasa da eski bask\u0131lar\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca <em>ITU<\/em> havac\u0131l\u0131k Q kodu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Q kodlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler i\u00e7in bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/telsizcilikte-q-kodlari-nedir\/\">Telsizcilikte Q Kodlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> <em><strong>QNE<\/strong><\/em>, <em>FAA<\/em> kaynaklar\u0131nda ve baz\u0131 di\u011fer kaynaklarda yer almaktad\u0131r, lakin mevcut <em>PANS<\/em> k\u0131saltmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almamaktad\u0131r. <em>(Eski ICAO PANS-ABC bask\u0131lar\u0131nda yer al\u0131yordu.)<\/em> Altimetrenin standart bas\u0131nca ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 3:<\/strong> Her ne kadar <em>ICAO Standart Atmosfer&#8217;e<\/em> g\u00f6re (<em>ICAO Doc 7488<\/em>) standart atmosfer ko\u015fullar\u0131nda deniz seviyesinde atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 tam <em>1013.25 hPa<\/em> olsa da u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan &#8220;1013.2 hPa&#8221; ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyinin de\u011feri, ilgili <em>ICAO<\/em> dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda &#8220;1013.2 hPa&#8221; olarak belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"QNH\"><\/span>QNH:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>QNH (Altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground)<\/em>, ilgili b\u00f6lgedeki ortalama deniz seviyesine (<em>MSL<\/em>) indirgenmi\u015f atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 olup barometrik altimetreye ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda altimetre, altimetrik de\u011fer olarak <em>MSL<\/em>&#8216;ye g\u00f6re <em><strong>irtifa<\/strong><\/em> de\u011feri g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"QFE\"><\/span>QFE:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>QFE (Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation)<\/em> havaalan\u0131 rak\u0131m\u0131ndaki (<em>aerodrome elevation<\/em>) atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 olup barometrik altimetreye ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda altimetre, altimetrik de\u011fer olarak havaalan\u0131 rak\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re <em><strong>y\u00fckseklik<\/strong><\/em> de\u011feri g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10132_hPa\"><\/span>1013.2 hPa:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1013.2 hPa de\u011feri barometrik altimetreye ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman altimetre, deniz seviyesindeki bas\u0131n\u00e7 her ne kadar o kadar olmasa bile bu \u015fekilde ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in altimetrik de\u011fer olarak bas\u0131n\u00e7 irtifas\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bu ayarlama, genellikle <em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi (FL)<\/em> kullan\u0131larak u\u00e7ulacak a\u015famalarda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yukseklik_Irtifa_Ucus_Seviyesi_Baslangic_Yuzeyleri_ve_Atmosferik_Basinc_Arasindaki_Iliski\"><\/span>Y\u00fckseklik, \u0130rtifa, U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi, Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Y\u00fczeyleri ve Atmosferik Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924c4d9b&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924c4d9b\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"926\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-22-926x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4019\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-22-926x1024.png 926w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-22-271x300.png 271w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-22-768x849.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-22-1024x1133.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-22.png 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 926px) 100vw, 926px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altimetre_Ayar_Prosedurleri_ICAO\"><\/span>Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri [ICAO]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-4\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Barometrik altimetreler d\u00fc\u015fey mesafeyi \u00f6l\u00e7erken, mevcut d\u0131\u015f hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcp bunun \u00fczerinden i\u015flem ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Buradaki barometrik denklem ve altimetre \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm gereklilikleri ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zetle, d\u00fc\u015fey mesafenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in, mevcut d\u0131\u015f bas\u0131nc\u0131n belirli bir referans noktas\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p aradaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 fark\u0131na uygun barometrik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla uygun d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe elde edilebilir. Barometrik altimetre, referans noktas\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fal olarak bilemeyce\u011fi i\u00e7in uygun bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131, pilot taraf\u0131ndan altimetreye elle ayarlan\u0131r. Bu referans de\u011fer; deniz seviyesindeki atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131, belli bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyindeki -\u00f6rne\u011fin havaalan\u0131- bas\u0131n\u00e7 veya standart bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011feri olabilir. Ayarlanan referans noktas\u0131na g\u00f6re de farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe t\u00fcrleri elde edilir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, farkl\u0131 referans t\u00fcrleri ve bunlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe t\u00fcrleriyle ili\u015fkisi prosed\u00fcrler a\u00e7\u0131dan incelenecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u00e7u\u015fun farkl\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131 i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeylerine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgedeki seyir halindeki u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey d\u00fczende tutabilmek i\u00e7in sabit bir altimetre ayar\u0131 (<em>1013.2 hPa<\/em>) kullan\u0131larak t\u00fcm u\u00e7aklar\u0131n <em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi (FL)<\/em> g\u00f6re u\u00e7mas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bir havaalan\u0131na inecek veya kalkacak hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda ise daha tutarl\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in yerel olarak raporlanan <em>QNH<\/em> ya da <em>QFE<\/em> bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011ferleri altimetre ayar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve irtifa ya da y\u00fckseklik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Genellikle <em>QNH<\/em> ile <em>MSL<\/em>&#8216;ye g\u00f6re <em>irtifa<\/em> \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca seyir a\u015famas\u0131 ile kalk\u0131\u015f\/ini\u015f a\u015famalar\u0131nda ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u00fczeyini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in <em>Transition Altitude (TA)<\/em> ve <em>Transition Level (TRL)<\/em> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyeleri belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu seviyelerde uygun bir \u015fekilde altimetre ayar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TA_TRL_Transition_Layer_ve_Altimetre_Ayarlari_Hakkinda_Ozet\"><\/span><em>TA<\/em> \/ <em>TRL<\/em> \/ <em>Transition Layer<\/em> ve Altimetre Ayarlar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda \u00d6zet:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924c86e3&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924c86e3\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1002\" height=\"463\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-18.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4012\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-18.png 1002w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-18-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-18-768x355.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1002px) 100vw, 1002px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gecis_Ile_Alakali_Seviyeler\"><\/span>Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u0130le Alakal\u0131 Seviyeler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transition_Altitude_TA\"><\/span><em>Transition Altitude (TA)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tanimi-2\"><\/span>Tan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Transition Altitude [Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u0130rtifas\u0131 \/ \u0130ntikal \u0130rtifas\u0131] (TA)<\/em>, bir hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey konumunun irtifalara referans al\u0131narak kontrol edildi\u011fi irtifa veya bu irtifan\u0131n alt\u0131. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 1 Chp. 1<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Belirlenmesi\"><\/span>Belirlenmesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.1.2)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131, normal olarak, havaalan\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu devlet taraf\u0131ndan her bir havaalan\u0131 i\u00e7in belirlenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Birbirine yak\u0131n konumlanm\u0131\u015f iki veya daha fazla havaalan\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 ve bu nedenle koordineli usullerin gerekli olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, ortak bir ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 tesis edilir. Bu ortak ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131, havaalanlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde gerekebilecek olanlar\u0131n en y\u00fckse\u011fi olacak \u015fekilde belirlenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlar i\u00e7in ortak bir ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 tesis edilmesi esast\u0131r:<br>\u2022 Bir devlete ait havaalan\u0131 gruplar\u0131 veya o devletin t\u00fcm havaalanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in;<br>\u2022 Anla\u015fmaya dayal\u0131 olarak:<br>\u2013 Kom\u015fu devletlerin havaalanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in;<br>\u2013 Ayn\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f bilgi b\u00f6lgesine (FIR) ait devletler i\u00e7in;<br>\u2013 \u0130ki veya daha fazla biti\u015fik u\u00e7u\u015f bilgi b\u00f6lgesine ya da tek bir ICAO b\u00f6lgesine ait devletler i\u00e7in;<br>\u2022 Bu b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda anla\u015fma sa\u011flanabildi\u011fi takdirde, iki veya daha fazla ICAO b\u00f6lgesine ait havaalanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131n\u0131n, havaalan\u0131 \u00fczerindeki y\u00fcksekli\u011fi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede tutulur; ancak bu y\u00fckseklik normal olarak 3000 ft (900 m)\u2019den az olamaz.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hesaplanan ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, bir sonraki tam 1000 ft (300 m) de\u011ferine yuvarlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transition_Level_TRL\"><\/span><em>Transition Level (TRL)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tanimi-3\"><\/span>Tan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Transition Level [Ge\u00e7i\u015f Seviyesi] (TRL)<\/em>, <em>ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131n\u0131n<\/em> \u00fczerinde kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in mevcut olan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 1 Chp. 1<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Belirlenmesi-2\"><\/span>Belirlenmesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Transition Level<\/em>&#8216;in say\u0131sal de\u011ferinin standart bir \u015fekilde belirlenmesi hakk\u0131nda bir rehberlik kayna\u011f\u0131 yer almamakta olup bunun i\u00e7in ilgili \u00fclkenin uygulamalar\u0131na ge\u00e7erli kaynaklar\u0131na bakman\u0131z gerekebilir. Bu kaynaklar i\u00e7in ilgili ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.1.3)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>devletler, her bir havaalan\u0131nda herhangi bir zamanda kullan\u0131lacak ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinin belirlenmesini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Koordineli usullerin ve ortak bir ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu \u015fekilde birbirine yak\u0131n konumlanm\u0131\u015f iki veya daha fazla havaalan\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, bu havaalanlar\u0131nda ortak bir ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uygun personel, bir havaalan\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesini temsil eden u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi numaras\u0131n\u0131 her zaman haz\u0131r bulundurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Not<\/strong>: Ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi, normal olarak hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na yakla\u015fma ve ini\u015f m\u00fcsaadeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda bildirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transition_Layer\"><\/span><em>Transition Layer<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tanimi-4\"><\/span>Tan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 ile ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi aras\u0131ndaki hava sahas\u0131. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 1 Chp. 1<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TA_TRL_Transition_Layer_ve_Dusey_Mesafe_Turleri_Arasindaki_Baglantilar\"><\/span><em>TA<\/em> \/ <em>TRL<\/em> \/ <em>Transition Layer<\/em> ve D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafe T\u00fcrleri Aras\u0131ndaki Ba\u011flant\u0131lar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.1.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131nda [Transition Altitude]<\/em> veya bu irtifan\u0131n alt\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi <strong><em>irtifa [altitude]<\/em><\/strong> cinsinden ifade edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinde [Transition Level]<\/em> veya bu seviyenin \u00fczerinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi ise <strong><em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi [flight level] (FL)<\/em><\/strong> cinsinden ifade edilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu terminoloji a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki u\u00e7u\u015f safhalar\u0131nda uygulan\u0131r:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>t\u0131rman\u0131\u015fta,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>seyirde,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>yakla\u015fma ve ini\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda (&#8220;<em>yakla\u015fma m\u00fcsaadesinden sonra d\u00fc\u015fey referanslar\u201d<\/em> h\u00fckm\u00fc sakl\u0131 kalmak kayd\u0131yla).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Not<\/strong>: Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, pistin son yakla\u015fma safhas\u0131nda arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla pilotun <em>QFE<\/em> ayar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transition layer&#8217;in i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7erken d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe \u015fu \u015fekilde ifade edilir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>t\u0131rman\u0131rken  <strong><em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi [flight level] (FL)<\/em><\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>al\u00e7al\u0131rken <strong><em>irtifa [altitude<\/em><\/strong><em><strong>]<\/strong><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dusey_Mesafe_Turleri_Referanslari_TA_TRL_Kullanimiyla_Alakali_Isleticiler_ve_Pilotlar_icin_Prosedurler\"><\/span>D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafe T\u00fcrleri, Referanslar\u0131, TA \/ TRL Kullan\u0131m\u0131yla Alakal\u0131 \u0130\u015fleticiler ve Pilotlar i\u00e7in Prosed\u00fcrler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Planlama\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f Planlama:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 3 3.1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir u\u00e7u\u015fun icra edilece\u011fi seviyeler, u\u00e7u\u015f plan\u0131nda belirtilir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f, <strong><em>ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinde [Transition Level]<\/em><\/strong> veya bu seviyenin \u00fczerinde (uygulanabilir olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde kullan\u0131labilir en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi d\u00e2hil) icra edilecekse, <strong><em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri<\/em><\/strong> olarak;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f, <strong><em>ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131nda [Transition Altitude]<\/em><\/strong> veya bu irtifan\u0131n alt\u0131nda icra edilecekse, <strong><em>irtifalar<\/em><\/strong> olarak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilen irtifalar veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>rota boyunca t\u00fcm noktalarda yeterli arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hava trafik kontrol gereklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ilgili olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, Annex 2 seyir seviyeleri tablosu ile uyumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. (Seyir seviyeleri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 1<\/strong>: Yeterli arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck irtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinin belirlenmesi i\u00e7in gerekli bilgiler, uygun hizmet birimlerinden (\u00f6rne\u011fin havac\u0131l\u0131k bilgisi, hava trafik veya meteoroloji hizmetleri) temin edilebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 2<\/strong>: \u0130rtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi se\u00e7imi, d\u00fc\u015fey konumun araziye g\u00f6re ne derece do\u011fru tahmin edilebildi\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum ise mevcut meteorolojik bilginin t\u00fcr\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. U\u00e7ulacak belirli rota ile ilgili ve g\u00fcncel bilgilere dayanan durumlarda, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir irtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi g\u00fcvenle kullan\u0131labilir; ayr\u0131ca bu bilgilere ili\u015fkin d\u00fczeltmelerin u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 biliniyorsa da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde uygulanabilir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, u\u00e7ulacak rota ve u\u00e7u\u015f zaman\u0131 ile daha az ili\u015fkili bilgilere dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha y\u00fcksek bir irtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr bilgiler harita veya tablo \u015feklinde sunulabilir ve geni\u015f bir alan ile herhangi bir zaman dilimi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 3<\/strong>: D\u00fcz arazi \u00fczerindeki u\u00e7u\u015flar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman tek bir irtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinde icra edilebilir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, da\u011fl\u0131k arazi \u00fczerindeki u\u00e7u\u015flarda, arazi y\u00fckselti de\u011fi\u015fimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla birden fazla irtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gerekebilir. Ayr\u0131ca, hava trafik hizmetleri gereklerine uyum sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla da birden fazla irtifa veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve minimum irtifalar i\u00e7in \u015fu yaz\u0131ya bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kalkis_ve_Tirmanis\"><\/span>Kalk\u0131\u015f ve T\u0131rman\u0131\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 3 3.3)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kalk\u0131\u015ftan \u00f6nce, bir altimetre havaalan\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan en son <em><strong>QNH<\/strong><\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131na ayarlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131na [Transition Altitude]<\/em><\/strong> kadar olan t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve bu irtifada, hava\u2013yer haberle\u015fmelerinde hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey konumuna yap\u0131lan at\u0131flar <strong><em>irtifa<\/em><\/strong> cinsinden ifade edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 [Transition Altitude]<\/em><\/strong> ge\u00e7ilerek t\u0131rman\u0131\u015fa devam edildi\u011finde, hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey konumuna referans irtifadan (<em>QNH<\/em>) u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesine <strong>(<em>1013.2 hPa<\/em>)<\/strong> de\u011fi\u015ftirilir ve bu a\u015famadan sonra d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe <em><strong>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi<\/strong><\/em> cinsinden ifade edilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"En_Route\"><\/span><em>En Route:<\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 3 3.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><strong>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131nda [Transition Altitude]<\/strong><\/em> veya bu irtifan\u0131n alt\u0131nda yol u\u00e7u\u015fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda, hava arac\u0131 <strong><em>irtifalarda<\/em><\/strong> u\u00e7urulur. Hava\u2013yer haberle\u015fmelerinde hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesine yap\u0131lan at\u0131flar <strong><em>irtifa<\/em><\/strong> cinsinden ifade edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>Ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinde [Transition Level]<\/strong><\/em> veya uygulanabilir olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde kullan\u0131labilir en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinde ya da bu seviyelerin \u00fczerinde yol u\u00e7u\u015fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda, hava arac\u0131 <strong><em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinde<\/em><\/strong> u\u00e7urulur. Hava\u2013yer haberle\u015fmelerinde hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesine yap\u0131lan at\u0131flar <strong><em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi<\/em><\/strong> cinsinden ifade edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yeterli <em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131 raporlar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu durumlarda, arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde en g\u00fcncel ve en uygun raporlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>QNH<\/em> raporlar\u0131 veya tahmini en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ortalama deniz seviyesi bas\u0131nc\u0131 kullan\u0131larak arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yeterlili\u011fi kabul edilebilir bir do\u011frulukla de\u011ferlendirilemiyorsa, arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yeterlili\u011fini kontrol etmek amac\u0131yla di\u011fer bilgiler temin edilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yaklasma_ve_Inis\"><\/span>Yakla\u015fma ve \u0130ni\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 3 3.5)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir havaalan\u0131na ilk yakla\u015fmaya ba\u015flanmadan \u00f6nce, <em>ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinin [Transition Level]<\/em> numaras\u0131 temin edilir.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi [Transition Level],<\/em> normal olarak uygun hava trafik hizmetleri biriminden temin edilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinin<\/em> [Transition Level] alt\u0131na al\u00e7almaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, havaalan\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan en son <em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131 temin edilir.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Havaalan\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan en son <em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131, normal olarak uygun hava trafik hizmetleri biriminden temin edilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hava arac\u0131 <strong><em>ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinden<\/em> <em>[Transition Level]<\/em><\/strong> ge\u00e7erek al\u00e7al\u0131rken, hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe referans\u0131 <strong>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinden<\/strong> <strong><em>(1 013,2 hPa)<\/em><\/strong> <strong>irtifalara<\/strong> <strong>(<em>QNH<\/em>)<\/strong> de\u011fi\u015ftirilir. Bu noktadan itibaren hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey konumu <strong><em>irtifa cinsinden<\/em><\/strong> ifade edilir.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm, pistin son yakla\u015fma safhas\u0131nda arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 amac\u0131yla pilotun <em>QFE<\/em> ayar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>QFE<\/em> kullan\u0131larak yakla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayan ve ini\u015f i\u00e7in birinci \u00f6ncelik m\u00fcsaadesi verilmi\u015f bir hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi, engel a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k y\u00fcksekli\u011finin (<em>Obstacle Clearance Height \u2013 OCH<\/em>) tesisinde esas al\u0131nan havaalan\u0131 referans seviyesinin \u00fczerindeki y\u00fckseklik cinsinden ifade edilir. Bundan sonraki t\u00fcm d\u00fc\u015fey konum referanslar\u0131 <em><strong>y\u00fckseklik<\/strong> cinsinden<\/em> yap\u0131l\u0131r. (Yakla\u015fma engel a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131da i\u015flenecektir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Oncesi_Operasyonel_Test\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi Operasyonel Test:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi operasyonel test ve altimetre kontrol noktalar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki bilgiler i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Referans_Turlerinin_Ucus_Safhalarina_Gore_Saglanmasi\"><\/span>Referans T\u00fcrlerinin U\u00e7u\u015f Safhalar\u0131na G\u00f6re Sa\u011flanmas\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kalkis_ve_Tirmanis-2\"><\/span>Kalk\u0131\u015f ve T\u0131rman\u0131\u015f: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.2)<\/sub> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kalk\u0131\u015ftan \u00f6nce verilen taksi m\u00fcsaadesinde, hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na <em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"En_Route-2\"><\/span><em>En Route<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.3)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Annex 2<\/em> h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uygun olarak, bir hava arac\u0131; seyir seviyeleri tablolar\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen uygun irtifalarda veya u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinde u\u00e7urulur. (Seyir seviyeleri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131na ili\u015fkin raporlar, arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilebilir bir do\u011fruluk d\u00fczeyinde belirlenmesine imk\u00e2n verecek yeterli say\u0131da ve uygun konumlardan sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yeterli <em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131 raporlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde, yetkili otoriteler, yeterli arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinin belirlenmesi i\u00e7in gerekli bilgileri temin eder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu bilgiler en elveri\u015fli bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131ma sunulur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uygun hizmetler, belirli rotalar veya rota kesimleri i\u00e7in yeterli arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinin belirlenmesi amac\u0131yla gerekli olan bilgileri her zaman haz\u0131r bulundurur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu bilgiler, u\u00e7u\u015f planlamas\u0131 amac\u0131yla ve talep \u00fczerine u\u00e7u\u015f h\u00e2lindeki hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na iletilmek \u00fczere kullan\u0131ma sunulur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yaklasma_ve_Inis-2\"><\/span>Yakla\u015fma ve \u0130ni\u015f: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>QNH<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131, yakla\u015fma m\u00fcsaadeleri ile trafik paternine giri\u015f m\u00fcsaadeleri kapsam\u0131nda hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>QFE<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131, bu \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olarak, yakla\u015fma ve ini\u015f m\u00fcsaadeleri kapsam\u0131nda sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ayar, yerel d\u00fczenlemelere uygun olarak, talep \u00fczerine veya d\u00fczenli olarak sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yakla\u015fma m\u00fcsaadesi verildikten ve ini\u015f i\u00e7in al\u00e7almaya ba\u015fland\u0131ktan sonra, <em>ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesinin [Transition Level]<\/em> \u00fczerindeki hava arac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi, <em>ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131n\u0131n [Transition Altitude]<\/em> \u00fczerinde seviye u\u00e7u\u015fu belirtilmiyor veya \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyorsa, irtifalara (<em>QNH<\/em>) referans al\u0131narak ifade edilebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pas_Gecme\"><\/span>Pas Ge\u00e7me: <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 2.5)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kalk\u0131\u015f ve t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f, seyir \/ yol u\u00e7u\u015fu, yakla\u015fma ve ini\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altimetre_Dogrultmalari_ICAO\"><\/span>Altimetre Do\u011frultmalar\u0131 [ICAO]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-5\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De\u011fi\u015fen atmosfer ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re altimetrede g\u00f6sterilen de\u011ferin hata miktar\u0131 artabilece\u011finden, baz\u0131 durumlarda s\u0131cakl\u0131k, bas\u0131n\u00e7  veya r\u00fczgar ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re altimetre do\u011frultmas\u0131 yapmak gerekebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rne\u011fin; hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, standart atmosfer ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek iken hava arac\u0131, ger\u00e7ekte altimetrenin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi de\u011ferden yukar\u0131da olacakt\u0131r fakat hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 standart atmosfer ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck iken hava arac\u0131, ger\u00e7ekte altimetrede g\u00f6sterilen de\u011ferin alt\u0131nda olur ve bu durum tehlike olu\u015fturabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir minimumu irtifa de\u011feri korunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken u\u00e7ak, asl\u0131nda altimetrede g\u00f6sterilen de\u011ferin alt\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131ndan yeterli arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 korunamayacak olabilir. Bu durumda altimetre eksik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u00e7in ilgili minimum irtifan\u0131n de\u011ferine yeteri kadar ekleme yapmak gerekir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca yerel de\u011fil sabit bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131yla, \u00f6rne\u011fin <em>FL<\/em> ile u\u00e7u\u015f yap\u0131l\u0131rken, bulunulan b\u00f6lgede bas\u0131nc\u0131n standart atmosferin alt\u0131nda veya \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmas\u0131 da u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ger\u00e7ek d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesini etkileyecektir. Haliyle atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131, standart atmosfer ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndayken hava arac\u0131, olmas\u0131 gerekenden al\u00e7akta olaca\u011f\u0131ndan minimum irtifa\/seviyelere&#8221; do\u011frultma yapmak gerekecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da\u011fl\u0131k ve engebeli alanlarda r\u00fczgarlardan kaynakl\u0131 hava ak\u0131m\u0131 bozulmalar\u0131 da altimetrede g\u00f6sterilen de\u011ferleri etkilemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, prosed\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan altimetre do\u011frultmalar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz. Fiziksel a\u00e7\u0131dan s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131nc\u0131n altimetre \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne etkisi, farkl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131da incelenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Minimum irtifalar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ile alakal\u0131 sorumluluklar i\u00e7in \u015fu yaz\u0131ya bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hava arac\u0131na \u00f6zel do\u011frultma usulleri mevcutsa hava arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131na dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Altimetre do\u011frultmalar\u0131 ile alakal\u0131 olarak <em>PANS-OPS<\/em>&#8216;da yer alan fiziksel form\u00fclizasyonlar bu yaz\u0131da yer almamaktad\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n, altimetrik hesaplamalarla ilgili ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131da yer almas\u0131 planlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu form\u00fclizasyonlar da do\u011frutlma i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir lakin u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu durumda muhtemelen kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flamayacaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 do\u011frultmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda baz\u0131 pratik y\u00f6ntemler aktar\u0131lsa da, daha tutarl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar elde etmek i\u00e7in ilgili atmosfer hesaplamalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda pratik olmayabilir. Bu y\u00fczden haz\u0131r hesaplay\u0131c\u0131 ara\u00e7lar kullanmak gerekebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\">ais.ibosoft.net.tr<\/a> sitemizde, geli\u015ftirmekte oldu\u011fumuz \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i <em>ISA<\/em> s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011ferleri hesaplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 do\u011frultma hesaplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bulabilirsiniz.<\/strong> (Baz\u0131 hesaplay\u0131c\u0131lar, hen\u00fcz geli\u015ftirilme a\u015famas\u0131nda olabilir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basinc_Dogrultmalari\"><\/span>Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Do\u011frultmalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Seviyesi_FL_Kullanilirken\"><\/span><em>U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi (FL)<\/em> Kullan\u0131l\u0131rken:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Altimetre ayar\u0131 1013.2 hPa olacak \u015fekilde bir seviyede u\u00e7ulurken, bas\u0131nc\u0131n standart atmosfer ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n (1013 hPa) alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131 durumunda minimum g\u00fcvenli irtifa mutlaka do\u011frultulur. Uygun do\u011frultma, 1013 hPa&#8217;n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki her bir hPa i\u00e7in 30 ft (10 m)&#8217;dir. Ayr\u0131yeten i\u015fletici taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanabilecek \u00e7e\u015fitli grafikleri veya tablolar\u0131 ile de do\u011frultma yap\u0131labilir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.2.1<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NOT 1:<\/strong> \u0130lgili maddede do\u011frultman\u0131n tam nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanmasa da mant\u0131ken do\u011frultma, do\u011frultma de\u011ferinin minimum irtifaya eklenmesi ya da altimetrede okunan de\u011ferden do\u011frultma de\u011ferinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015feklinde yap\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 2<\/strong>: \u0130lgili maddede tam a\u00e7\u0131klamasa &#8220;1013 hPa&#8217;n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki her bir hPa&#8221; ifadesinden kas\u0131t, mant\u0131ken deniz seviyesine indirgenmi\u015f bas\u0131n\u00e7 olarak. Yani birnevi QNH de\u011ferinin 1013 hPa&#8217;n\u0131n alt\u0131nda olma durumunda her bir hPa farka g\u00f6e i\u015flem yap\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 3:<\/strong> \u0130lgili maddede standart atmosefer bas\u0131nc\u0131 i\u00e7in 1013 hPa verilmi\u015f. Ger\u00e7ek de\u011feri ise MSL&#8217;de tam 1013.25 hPa <sub>ICAO Doc 7488<\/sub>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 4:<\/strong> Burada verilen hPa ba\u015f\u0131na 30 ft (10m) de\u011feri, <em>PANS-OPS<\/em> taraf\u0131ndan minimum irtifalara pratik olarak do\u011frultma yapmak i\u00e7in verilen bir de\u011ferdir. Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fimi her 30 ft yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1 hPa olaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde bir bilgi verilmekte lakin bu do\u011fru olamaz. Atmosefer bas\u0131nc\u0131, yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a \u00fcstel olarak azal\u0131r. Standart atmosfer ko\u015fular\u0131nda bas\u0131n\u00e7ta 1 hPa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in MSL&#8217;den yukar\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken mesafe yakla\u015f\u0131k 27.3 ft <sub>ICAO Doc 7488<\/sub> olup daha al\u00e7ak irtifalarda ortalama belki 30 &#8211; 35 ft olabilirken daha \u00fcst seviyelerde 40 &#8211; 50 ft veya \u00fczeri olabilmektedir..<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"QNH_ya_da_QFE_altimetre_ayari_kullanilirken\"><\/span><em>QNH<\/em> ya da <em>QFE<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rken:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>QNH<\/em> ya da <em>QFE<\/em> altimetre ayar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131rken bas\u0131n\u00e7 do\u011frultmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek yoktur. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.2.2<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sicaklik_Dogrultmalari\"><\/span>S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultmalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sicaklik_Dogrultmasi_Gerekliligi\"><\/span>S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultmas\u0131 Gereklili\u011fi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hesaplanan minimum g\u00fcvenli irtifalar\/y\u00fckseklikler, y\u00fczeydeki ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 standart atmosfer taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclenden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda mutlaka d\u00fczeltilir. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 2 4.3.1<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kucuk_Dogrultmalar_Hakkinda\"><\/span>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Do\u011frultmalar Hakk\u0131nda:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pratik operasyonel kullan\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fczeltmesi de\u011ferinin ilgili <em>MOC<\/em> de\u011ferinin y\u00fczde yirmisini a\u015fmas\u0131 durumunda s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fczeltmesinin uygulanmas\u0131 uygundur. <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.3.6<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/engel-acikligi-moc-roc-primary-ve-secondary-alan-icaofaa\/\">Engel A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, MOC<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pratik_Sicaklik_Dogrultmasi_Yontemi\"><\/span>Pratik S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultmas\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00fczeltme, altimetre ayar kayna\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen <em>standart s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n<\/em> (<em>standard temperature<\/em>) her 10 \u00b0C alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in y\u00fcksekli\u011fin y\u00fczde 4 art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015feklindedir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, \u221215 \u00b0C\u2019nin \u00fczerindeki s\u0131cakl\u0131klar i\u00e7in t\u00fcm altimetre ayar kayna\u011f\u0131 irtifalar\u0131nda emniyetli <sub>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.3.1<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sicaklik_Dogrultma_Tablolari\"><\/span>S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultma Tablolar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.3.1)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Daha so\u011fuk s\u0131cakl\u0131klar i\u00e7in daha hassas bir d\u00fczeltme &#8220;Tablo 2-4-1 a)&#8221; ve &#8220;b)&#8221; kullan\u0131larak elde edilmelidir. Bu tablolar, deniz seviyesindeki bir meydan esas al\u0131narak hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle daha y\u00fcksek rak\u0131ml\u0131 meydanlara uyguland\u0131klar\u0131nda emniyet pay\u0131 i\u00e7eren, konservatif sonu\u00e7lar verirler. Deniz seviyesi \u00fczerindeki belirli meydanlar veya altimetre ayar kaynaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in veya tablolarda yer almayan de\u011ferler belirli ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re do\u011frultma form\u00fcllerine bak\u0131n\u0131z. (Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu de\u011fil.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 1<\/strong>: D\u00fczeltmeler bir sonraki 5 m veya 10 ft yukar\u0131ya yuvarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu konuma en yak\u0131n rapor istasyonundan -normalde meydan- al\u0131nan s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferleri kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924cd2e6&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924cd2e6\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"920\" height=\"773\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4020\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-23.png 920w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-23-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-23-768x645.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 920px) 100vw, 920px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Daglik_Alanlarda_Dogrultmalar\"><\/span>Da\u011fl\u0131k Alanlarda Do\u011frultmalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Daglik_Alan_Tanimi\"><\/span>Da\u011fl\u0131k Alan Tan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Da\u011fl\u0131k alan tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fu yaz\u0131ya bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"En-Route%E2%80%98da_Daglik_Alanlar\"><\/span><em>En-Route<\/em>&#8216;da Da\u011fl\u0131k Alanlar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da\u011fl\u0131k alanlar \u00fczerindeki asgari engel ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, normalde rota tasar\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uygulan\u0131r ve devlet havac\u0131l\u0131k bilgi yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda belirtilir. Ancak bilgi bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hallerde Tablo 2-4-2 ve 2-4-3\u2019te verilen emniyet paylar\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Se\u00e7ilen seyir irtifas\u0131 veya <em>u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi<\/em> [flight level] ya da tek motor ar\u0131zal\u0131 dengeleme irtifas\u0131, hesaplanan minimum g\u00fcvenli irtifada veya buna \u00e7ok yak\u0131nsa; ve<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f, azami y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 900 m\u2019yi a\u015fan araziye 10 NM (19 km) yak\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7erisinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyorsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d001b&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d001b\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"483\" height=\"372\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-24.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4021\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.2983896431954531;width:369px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-24.png 483w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-24-300x231.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Da\u011fl\u0131k alanlarda minimum irtifa ve arazi a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tasar\u0131m de\u011ferleri i\u00e7in bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Terminal_Alanda_Daglik_Arazi\"><\/span>Terminal Alanda Da\u011fl\u0131k Arazi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 4 4.5)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar ile da\u011fl\u0131k arazinin birle\u015fimi, Bernoulli etkisi nedeniyle atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131nda yerel de\u011fi\u015fimlere yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle r\u00fczg\u00e2r y\u00f6n\u00fc da\u011f s\u0131rtlar\u0131 veya tepeleri boyunca oldu\u011funda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Kesin bir hesaplama yapmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir; ancak teorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar (CFD Norway, Report 109.1989), Tablo 2-4-4 ve 2-4-5&#8217;te g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi \u015fekilde altimetre hatalar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fabilece\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Devletler rehberlik sa\u011fl\u0131yor olsa bile arazi yap\u0131s\u0131, r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n \u015fiddeti ve y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn r\u00fczg\u00e2r d\u00fczeltmesini gerekli k\u0131l\u0131p k\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek <em>pilot-in-command<\/em>\u2019\u0131n karar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R\u00fczg\u00e2r h\u0131z\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00fczeltmeler, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k i\u00e7in uygulanan standart d\u00fczeltmelere ek olarak uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r ve <em>ATC<\/em> bilgilendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d083f&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d083f\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"524\" height=\"535\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-25.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4022\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.9794415464866524;width:387px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-25.png 524w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-25-294x300.png 294w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vertical_Seperation_Minima_VSM_ve_RVSM_ICAO\"><\/span><em>Vertical Seperation Minima (VSM)<\/em> ve <em>RVSM<\/em> [ICAO]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-6\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-7\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seyir halindeki hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yeterli dikey ayr\u0131m\u0131n sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in <em>Vertical Seperation Minimum \/ <em>Vertical Separation Minima (VSM)<\/em><\/em> de\u011ferleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck <em>VSM<\/em> de\u011ferleri sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in <em>Azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Dikey Ay\u0131rma Minimas\u0131 [Reduced vertical separation minimum \/ Reduced vertical separation minima] (RVSM)<\/em> uygulamas\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <em>RVSM<\/em> uygulayabilmek i\u00e7in, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tolerans de\u011ferleri ve ek hava arac\u0131 gereklilikleri sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca devletlerin, u\u00e7u\u015flardaki seviye sapmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemesiyle alakal\u0131 baz\u0131 gereklilikler bulunmaktad\u0131r. [<em>regional monitoring agency (RMA)<\/em>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda <em>VSM<\/em> ve <em>RVSM<\/em> d\u00fc\u015fey ayr\u0131m de\u011ferleri, <em>RVSM<\/em> uygulama usulleri, hava arac\u0131 temel te\u00e7hizat gereklilikleri anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <em>RVSM<\/em>&#8216;le ilgili olarak; hava arac\u0131 yap\u0131sal gereklilikleri ve altimetre sistem performans\u0131 gereklilikleri, hava arac\u0131 onaylar\u0131, devletlerin sorumlulu\u011fundaki <em>regional monitoring agency (RMA)<\/em> gibi konular, bu yaz\u0131da <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">yer almamakatad\u0131r<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VSM_ve_RVSM%E2%80%98nin_Tarihsel_Gelisim_Sureci_Ozeti\"><\/span><em>VSM<\/em> ve <em>RVSM<\/em>&#8216;nin Tarihsel Geli\u015fim S\u00fcreci \u00d6zeti:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1950\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda, barometrik altimetrelerin irtifa artt\u0131k\u00e7a hassasiyetinin azalmas\u0131 nedeniyle 1000 ft (300 m) olan dikey ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n belirli bir u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinin \u00fczerinde yetersiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kapsamda 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda, b\u00f6lgesel anla\u015fmalarla daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir seviye belirlenmedik\u00e7e, FL 290 \u00fczerindeki u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in dikey ay\u0131r\u0131m 2000 ft (600 m) olarak uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, bu ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi 1966\u2019da k\u00fcresel olarak FL 290\u2019da standart h\u00e2le getirilmi\u015ftir. 1970\u2019lerin ortas\u0131nda ya\u015fanan yak\u0131t krizleri ve hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n daha verimli kullan\u0131lma ihtiyac\u0131, FL 290 \u00fczerinde yeniden 300 m (1000 ft) ay\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi konusunu g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f; 1980\u2019den itibaren y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen kapsaml\u0131 emniyet ve risk de\u011ferlendirmeleri sonucunda bu ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n teknik olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, 27 Mart 1997 tarihinde Kuzey Atlantik B\u00f6lgesi (NAT), azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dikey ay\u0131r\u0131m minimas\u0131n\u0131 (RVSM) uygulayan ilk b\u00f6lge olmu\u015ftur. <sub>ICAO Doc 9574<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>RVSM<\/em>, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7o\u011fu hava sahas\u0131nda uygulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VSM_Degerleri\"><\/span><em>VSM<\/em> De\u011ferleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Vertical Separation Minimum (VSM) \/ Vertical Separation Minima (VSM)<\/em> de\u011ferleri \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>FL 290&#8217;n\u0131n alt\u0131nda<\/strong> nominal <strong>1000 ft (300 m)<\/strong> ve <strong>FL 290 ve \u00fcst\u00fcnde<\/strong> nominal <strong>2000 ft (600 m)<\/strong> (sonraki madde haricinde), <sub>ICAO PANS-ATM Chp. 5 5.3.2 a)<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Belirlenmi\u015f hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, b\u00f6lgesel bir hava seyr\u00fcsefer anla\u015fmas\u0131na tabi olmak kayd\u0131yla, <strong>FL 410<\/strong> veya belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f daha y\u00fcksek bir seviye alt\u0131nda nominal <strong>1000 ft (300 m)<\/strong>, bu seviye ve \u00fcst\u00fcnde nominal <strong>2000 ft (600 m)<\/strong>. <sub>ICAO PANS-ATM Chp. 5 5.3.2 b)<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>RVSM<\/strong><\/em>, <strong>FL 290 ve FL 410 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (FL 290 ve FL 410 dahil)<\/strong> uygulan\u0131r. <em>RVSM VSM<\/em> de\u011feri <em><strong>1000 ft (300 m)<\/strong><\/em>&#8216;dir. <sub>ICAO Doc 9574<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dusey_Hata_ve_Azami_Seviye_Tasmasi_Degerleri\"><\/span>D\u00fc\u015fey Hata ve Azami Seviye Ta\u015fmas\u0131 De\u011ferleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altimetre_Dusey_Hata_Turleri\"><\/span>Altimetre D\u00fc\u015fey Hata T\u00fcrleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Doc 9574)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Altimetry System Error (ASE)<\/em>: Altimetre g\u00f6stergesinin, altimetre do\u011fru ayara ayarl\u0131 varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi irtifa ile, bozulmam\u0131\u015f ortam bas\u0131nc\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen bas\u0131n\u00e7 irtifas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Flight Technical Error (FTE)<\/em>: U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan altimetre g\u00f6stergesinin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi irtifa ile, u\u00e7a\u011fa tahsis edilmi\u015f irtifa\/u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Static Source Error (SSE)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Total Vertical Error (TVE)<\/em>: Bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n fiilen u\u00e7tu\u011fu ger\u00e7ek bas\u0131n\u00e7 irtifas\u0131 ile, kendisine tahsis edilmi\u015f bas\u0131n\u00e7 irtifas\u0131 (u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi) aras\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015fey geometrik farkt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altimetre_Sistem_Performansi_Gerekliligi_RVSM\"><\/span>Altimetre Sistem Performans\u0131 Gereklili\u011fi (<em>RVSM<\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[Taslak]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altimetreler_Arasi_Azami_Fark\"><\/span>Altimetreler Aras\u0131 Azami Fark:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[Taslak]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seviye_Bilgisinin_Dogrulanmasi_ve_Seviye_Isgalinin_Tespiti\"><\/span>Seviye Bilgisinin Do\u011frulanmas\u0131 ve Seviye \u0130\u015fgalinin Tespiti:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[Taslak]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Icin_Techizat_Gereklilikleri\"><\/span><em>RVSM<\/em> \u0130\u00e7in Te\u00e7hizat Gereklilikleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RVSM operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in hava arac\u0131, gerekli te\u00e7hizatlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mal\u0131, y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck durumu gibi yap\u0131sal gereklilikleri ve gerekli altimetre sistem performans de\u011ferlerini sa\u011flamal\u0131 ve <em>RVSM<\/em> onay\u0131na sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fl\u0131kta sadece temel te\u00e7hizat gereklilikleri yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>ICAO Annex 6<\/em> Uluslararas\u0131 Ticari Hava ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (U\u00e7aklar) ve Uluslararas\u0131 Genel Havac\u0131l\u0131k (U\u00e7aklar) kapsam\u0131nda hava arac\u0131n\u0131n, <em>RVSM<\/em> uygulayabilmek i\u00e7in \u015fu \u00f6zellikleri sa\u011flayan te\u00e7hizatlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gerekmektedir.:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u00e7ulan u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesini u\u00e7u\u015f ekibine g\u00f6sterebilme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesini otomatik olarak muhafaza edebilme.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinden bir sapma meydana geldi\u011finde u\u00e7u\u015f ekibini uyaran bir ikaz sa\u011flayabilme. Bu ikaz i\u00e7in e\u015fik de\u011fer, \u00b1300 ft (\u00b190 m)&#8217;i a\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bas\u0131n\u00e7 irtifas\u0131n\u0131 otomatik olarak raporlayabilme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT<\/strong>: <em>Annex 6<\/em> Uluslararas\u0131 Helikopter Operasyonlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda <em>RVSM<\/em> gereklilikleri yer alm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Bir devletin <em>Annex 6<\/em>&#8216;dan sapan uygulamalar\u0131 varsa, o devletin yasal mevzuatlar\u0131na dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Seviye sapma uyar\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilen ayg\u0131tlar hakk\u0131nda bilgi i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Prosedurleri\"><\/span><em>RVSM<\/em> Prosed\u00fcrleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rehberlik d\u00fczeyindeki <em>ICAO<\/em> prosed\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z. Olas\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel veya yerel d\u00fczenlemelerin edinilebilece\u011fi kaynaklar i\u00e7in havac\u0131l\u0131k bilgi yay\u0131nlar\u0131yla alakal\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa bak\u0131n\u0131z. Baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel ve yerel prosed\u00fcrler i\u00e7in ilgili ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seyir_Seviyeleri_ICAO\"><\/span>Seyir Seviyeleri [ICAO]:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cruising_Level_Seyir_Seviyesi_Tanimi\"><\/span><em>Cruising Level<\/em> [<em>Seyir Seviyesi<\/em>] Tan\u0131m\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Flight Level [U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi] (FL)<\/em> ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cruising Level [Seyir Seviyesi],<\/em> &#8211;<em>Flight Level (FL) [U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi]<\/em> de\u011fil- u\u00e7u\u015fun \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde muhafaza edilen seviye olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annex 2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Gecerlilik_Durumu\"><\/span>ICAO Seyir Seviyelerinin Ge\u00e7erlilik Durumu:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seyir Seviye Tablolar\u0131, <em>ICAO Annex 2 &#8211; Rules of The Air<\/em>&#8216;de yer almaktad\u0131r. <em>ICAO Annex 2<\/em> kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi, -dolay\u0131s\u0131yla seyir seviyelerinin de ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi- <em>Annex 2<\/em> ve <em>Doc 7300<\/em> (<em>Chicago Kongresi<\/em> olarak da bilinir) do\u011frultusunda \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu kapsamda <em>seyir seviyeleri<\/em>, sevletlerin egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131ndaki hava sahalar\u0131nda, <em>Annex 2<\/em>\u2019nin kabul edildi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uygulan\u0131r. Bir devletin <em>Annex 2<\/em>&#8216;yi uygulama durumuna ve varsa uygulama farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na, ilgili devletin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 <em>AIP<\/em>&#8216;den veya ge\u00e7erli bir d\u00fczenlemesinden bak\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131k denizler \u00fczerinde, <em>Annex 2<\/em> kurallar\u0131, herhangi bir istisna olmaks\u0131z\u0131n uygulan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seyir_Seviyesinin_Belirlenmesi\"><\/span>Seyir Seviyesinin Belirlenmesi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir u\u00e7u\u015fun veya u\u00e7u\u015fun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn icra edilece\u011fi <em>seyir seviyeleri<\/em> a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler cinsinden ifade edilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a)<\/strong> <em>U\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri [Flight Levels] (FL)<\/em><strong>:<\/strong><br>En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kullan\u0131labilir u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinde veya bunun \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in ya da uygun oldu\u011funda <em>Transition Altitude (TA) [Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u0130rtifas\u0131]<\/em> ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b)<\/strong> <em>\u0130rtifalar [Altitudes]<\/em>:<br>En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kullan\u0131labilir u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinin alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in ya da uygun oldu\u011funda <em>Transition Altitude&#8217;da (TA) [Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u0130rtifas\u0131]<\/em> veya alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in. <sub>ICAO Annex 2 3.1.3<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>SI Birim Sistemi<\/em> kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa <em>FL<\/em> yerine <em>Standard Metric<\/em> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <sub>Do\u011frudan tan\u0131mlanm\u0131yor fakat tablolar \u00f6yle.<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Kisitlayan_Diger_Alt_%E2%80%93_Ust_Sinirlar\"><\/span>Seyir Seviyelerinin K\u0131s\u0131tlayan Di\u011fer Alt &#8211; \u00dcst S\u0131n\u0131rlar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>ICAO Annex 2<\/em> <em>VFR<\/em> ve <em>IFR<\/em> u\u00e7u\u015f kurallar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda alt s\u0131n\u0131rlar, \u015fu yaz\u0131da bahsedilmi\u015ftir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>VFR<\/em> u\u00e7u\u015flar, uygun <em>ATS<\/em> otoritesi taraf\u0131ndan izin verilmedik\u00e7e <em><strong>FL 200<\/strong><\/em>&#8216;\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilemez. <sub>ICAO Annex 2 4.4<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>VFR<\/em> u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n <em>FL 290<\/em>\u2019un \u00fczerinde i\u015fletilmesine y\u00f6nelik yetkilendirme, <em>FL 290<\/em> \u00fczerinde 1000 ft (300 m) <em>VSM<\/em> uygulanan sahalarda verilmez. <sub>ICAO Annex 2 4.5<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Degerleri\"><\/span>Seyir Seviyelerinin De\u011ferleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giris-8\"><\/span>Giri\u015f:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Seyir seviyeleri<\/em> <em>[Cruising Level]<\/em>, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 180\u00b0lik u\u00e7u\u015f do\u011frultusu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7an hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 seviye de\u011ferinde kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmeyecekleri \u015fekilde belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Uygun seyir seviyelerinin se\u00e7iminde dikkat edilmesi gerekebilecek di\u011fer etkenler i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d2683&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d2683\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"471\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3996\" style=\"aspect-ratio:2.0806882499434005;width:759px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12.png 980w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-12-768x369.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yarim_Daire_Kurali_Semi-circular_Rule_Hakkinda\"><\/span><em>Yar\u0131m Daire Kural\u0131 (Semi-circular Rule)<\/em> Hakk\u0131nda:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Seyir seviyeleri<\/em>, 180\u00b0lik yar\u0131m dairesel u\u00e7u\u015f do\u011frultusu aral\u0131klar\u0131nda belirlendi\u011finden dolay\u0131, halk aras\u0131nda ve baz\u0131 kaynaklarda <em>Yar\u0131m Daire Kural\u0131 (Semi-Circular Rule)<\/em> olarak da bilinmektedir fakat <em>ICAO<\/em> dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda bu \u015fekilde bir tan\u0131mlama bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Track_Degerleri_Hakkinda_Bilgiler_ve_Notlar\"><\/span>Track De\u011ferleri Hakk\u0131nda Bilgiler ve Notlar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Track De\u011ferleri: Manyetiktir<\/strong>. Kutup b\u00f6lgelerinde, 70 dereceden daha y\u00fcksek enlemlerde ve uygun ATS otoriteleri taraf\u0131ndan bu alanlar\u0131n uzant\u0131s\u0131 olarak belirlenebilecek sahalar i\u00e7inde, kutupsal stereografik bir harita \u00fczerine bindirilmi\u015f, <em>Greenwich Meridyeni<\/em>\u2019ne paralel hatlardan olu\u015fan bir a\u011f ile belirlenen grid rotalar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu haritalarda <em>Kuzey Kutbu<\/em> y\u00f6n\u00fc <em>Grid Kuzeyi<\/em> olarak esas al\u0131n\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Annex 2 Appendix 3<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Track Aral\u0131klar\u0131:<\/strong> 000 &#8211; 179 derece ile 180 &#8211; 359 derece aral\u0131klar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Fakat baz\u0131 yerlerdeki yerel seyr\u00fcsefer anla\u015fmalar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, hakim trafik y\u00f6nleri olarak bu de\u011ferler yerine 090 &#8211; 269 derece ile 270 &#8211; 089 derece aral\u0131klar\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir ve uygun ge\u00e7i\u015f prosed\u00fcrleri belirlenebilir. <sub>ICAO Annex 2 Appendix 3<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Bu do\u011frultu aral\u0131klar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lacak seyir seviyeleri, haf\u0131zada \u015fu \u015fekilde de hat\u0131rlanabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>000 &#8211; 179 derece ile 180 &#8211; 359 derece aral\u0131klar\u0131 kullan\u0131lan <em>ICAO<\/em> seyir seviyeleri ile ayn\u0131 olan yerler i\u00e7in:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hakim y\u00f6n <strong>Do\u011fu<\/strong> (000 &#8211; 179) ise <strong>tek (odd)<\/strong> <em>seyir seviyesi<\/em> (FL 330, 15000 ft vb.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hakim y\u00f6n <strong>Bat\u0131<\/strong> (180 &#8211; 359) ise <strong>\u00e7ift (even)<\/strong> <em>seyir seviyesi<\/em> (FL 340, 16000 ft vb.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>090 &#8211; 269 derece ile 270 &#8211; 089 derece aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan yerler i\u00e7in:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hakim y\u00f6nler Kuzey (270 &#8211; 089) ve G\u00fcney (090 &#8211; 269) olarak hat\u0131rlanabilir. Tek \/ \u00e7ift <em>seyir seviyesi<\/em> durumunu kontrol ediniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> <em>RVSM<\/em> olmayan seyir seviyelerini i\u00e7eren tablolardaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 do\u011frultular\u0131n de\u011ferleri aras\u0131nda, uygun <em>VSM<\/em> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayabilir. Bu durumda, bir seyir seviyesi doluyken, di\u011fer hava arac\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u00e7u\u015f do\u011frultusu ile birlikte uygun <em>VSM<\/em> de\u011feri de g\u00f6zetilmelidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; 2000 ft <em>VSM<\/em> uygulanan bir hava sahas\u0131nda, FL 200 dolu iken, ayn\u0131 <em>ATS<\/em> yolunda kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011frultudan gelip FL 200&#8217;deki <em>IFR<\/em> u\u00e7u\u015f yapan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131ndan veya \u00fcst\u00fcnden u\u00e7arak ge\u00e7ecek olan ve <em>IFR<\/em> u\u00e7u\u015f yapan u\u00e7ak, <em>VSM<\/em>&#8216;den dolay\u0131 FL 210 veya FL 190 seyir seviyelerini kullanamaz. En yak\u0131n FL 230 veya FL 170 seyir seviyelerini kullanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Olmayan_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_FL_%E2%80%93_Feet_%E2%80%93_Metre_Karsiliklari\"><\/span>RVSM Olmayan Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 FL &#8211; Feet &#8211; Metre Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d322d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d322d\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"903\" height=\"533\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-50.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-50.png 903w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-50-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-50-768x453.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_FL_%E2%80%93_Feet_%E2%80%93_Metre_Karsiliklari\"><\/span>RVSM Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 FL &#8211; Feet &#8211; Metre Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d394e&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d394e\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"902\" height=\"595\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-49.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4658\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-49.png 902w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-49-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-49-768x507.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 902px) 100vw, 902px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Olmayan_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_Standard_Metric_%E2%80%93_Metre_%E2%80%93_Feet_Karsiliklari\"><\/span>RVSM Olmayan Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 <em>Standard Metric<\/em> &#8211; Metre &#8211; Feet Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/?attachment_id=4000\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"555\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14.png 904w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-14-768x472.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Seyir_Seviyeleri_%E2%80%94_Standard_Metric_%E2%80%93_Metre_%E2%80%93_Feet_Karsiliklari\"><\/span>RVSM Seyir Seviyeleri \u2014 <em>Standard Metric<\/em> &#8211; Metre &#8211; Feet Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d53c9&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d53c9\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"618\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15.png 904w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-15-768x525.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altimetre_Ayar_Prosedurleri_ve_Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Havacilik_Bilgi_Yayinlarindaki_Yeri\"><\/span>Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri ve Seyir Seviyelerinin Havac\u0131l\u0131k Bilgi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Yeri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_%E2%80%93_Ilgili_AIP_Bolumleri_ve_Chartlardaki_Gosterimler\"><\/span><em>ICAO<\/em> &#8211; \u0130lgili <em>AIP<\/em> B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve <em>Chartlardaki G\u00f6sterimler<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ilgili_AIP_Bolumleri\"><\/span>\u0130lgili AIP B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-AIM)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GEN_335_Minimum_flight_altitude\"><\/span><em>GEN 3.3.5 Minimum flight altitude:<\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Miniumum u\u00e7u\u015f irtifalar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesindeki etkenler belirtilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ENR_17_Altimeter_setting_procedures\"><\/span><em>ENR 1.7 Altimeter setting procedures:<\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan altimetre ayar usullerine ili\u015fkin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7eren bir a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Usullerin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ICAO dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir ifade i\u00e7eren k\u0131sa bir giri\u015f ve varsa ICAO h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden farkl\u0131l\u0131klar;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temel altimetre ayar usulleri;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Altimetre ayar b\u00f6lgesi veya b\u00f6lgelerinin tan\u0131m\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130\u015fletmecilere uygulanacak usuller (pilotlar d\u00e2hil);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seyir seviyeleri tablosu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AD_22_AD_32_AerodromeHeliport_geographical_and_administrive_data\"><\/span><em>AD 2.2 \/ AD 3.2 Aerodrome\/Heliport geographical and administrive data<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3. En yak\u0131n metre veya fite yuvarlanacak \u015fekilde <em>havaalan\u0131 \/ heliport<\/em> rak\u0131m\u0131 (<em>elevation<\/em>), <em>reference temperature, mean low temperature.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4. E\u011fer uygulanabilirse, en yak\u0131n metre veya fite yuvarlanacak \u015fekilde  <em>havaalan\u0131 \/ heliport<\/em> rak\u0131m\u0131 konumundaki <em>geoid undulation<\/em> de\u011feri.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d60fc&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d60fc\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"769\" height=\"178\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-48.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4065\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4.3202416918429005;width:652px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-48.png 769w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-48-300x69.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 769px) 100vw, 769px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AD_28_AD_38_Aprons_taxiways_and_check_locationspositions_data\"><\/span>AD 2.8 \/ AD 3.8 Aprons, taxiways and check locations\/positions data:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4. altimetre kontrol noktalar\u0131n\u0131n (<em>altimeter checkpoints<\/em>) konumu ve en yak\u0131n foot veya metreye yuvarlanan rak\u0131m\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Aerodrome \/ Heliport Chart<\/em> \u00fczerinde kontrol noktalar\u0131\/konumlar\u0131 belirtilmi\u015fse, bu hususa ili\u015fkin bir not bu alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmde yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d699a&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d699a\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"45\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-38.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4052\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-38.png 723w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-38-300x19.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alakali_Olabilecek_Diger_AIP_Bolumleri\"><\/span>Alakal\u0131 Olabilecek Di\u011fer AIP B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>PANS-AIM<\/em> i\u00e7erisinde do\u011frudan altimetre ayar prosed\u00fcrleri veya seyir seviyeleri ile ili\u015fkilendirilmese de baz\u0131 devletler bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde bu konularla alakal\u0131 bilgileri sa\u011flayabilmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>GEN 1.7 Differences from ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures<\/em>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>ENR 1<\/em>&#8216;in di\u011fer alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>ENR 3<\/em>&#8216;\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitli alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmlernde <em>Remarks<\/em> s\u00fctunlar\u0131nda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chartlar_Uzerinde_Gosterimler\"><\/span>Chart&#8217;lar \u00dczerinde G\u00f6sterimler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> \u00c7o\u011fu chart t\u00fcr\u00fcnde, meydan rak\u0131m\u0131 bilgisi yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Standard_Departure_Chart_%E2%80%94_Instrument_SID_%E2%80%94_ICAO_Transition_Altitude\"><\/span><em>Standard Departure Chart \u2014 Instrument (SID) \u2014 ICAO<\/em> (<em>Transition Altitude<\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131\/y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, bir \u00fcst 300 m ya da 1000 ft de\u011ferine yuvarlan\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131, haritan\u0131n \u00fcst orta k\u0131sm\u0131nda belirgin \u015fekilde kutu i\u00e7inde metin olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. <sub>ICAO Doc 8697 Chp. 7, 7.9, 9.9.4.1.1 e)<\/sub><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"127\" class=\"wp-image-4046\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-35.png\" alt=\"\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Standard_Arrival_Chart_%E2%80%94_Instrument_STAR_%E2%80%94_ICAO_Transition_Altitude\"><\/span><em>Standard Arrival Chart \u2014 Instrument (STAR) \u2014 ICAO<\/em> (<em>Transition Altitude<\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131\/y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, bir \u00fcst 300 m ya da 1000 ft de\u011ferine yuvarlan\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131, haritan\u0131n \u00fcst orta b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde belirgin \u015fekilde kutu i\u00e7ine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f metin olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir. <sub>ICAO Doc 8697 Chp. 7, 7.10, 10.9.4.1.1 e)<\/sub><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"126\" class=\"wp-image-4047\" style=\"width: 250px;\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-36.png\" alt=\"\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Instrument_Approach_Chart_%E2%80%94_ICAO_IAC_Transition_Altitude\"><\/span><em>Instrument Approach Chart \u2014 ICAO, (IAC)<\/em> (<em><em>Transition Altitude<\/em><\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Profil mutlaka sa\u011flan\u0131r, di\u011fer bilgilerle birlikte; e\u011fer belirlenmi\u015fse ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 ve prosed\u00fcre ait irtifa\/y\u00fckseklikler d\u00e2hil prosed\u00fcrler taraf\u0131ndan gerekli k\u0131l\u0131nan irtifalar\/y\u00fckseklikler sa\u011flan\u0131r. <sub>ICAO Doc 8697 Chp. 7, 7.11, 11.10.6.3 f)<\/sub><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"270\" class=\"wp-image-4048\" style=\"width: 650px;\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-37.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-37.png 709w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-37-300x125.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AerodromeHeliport_Chart_%E2%80%94_ICAO_ADC_Altimetre_kontrol_noktasi\"><\/span><em>Aerodrome\/Heliport Chart \u2014 ICAO, (ADC)<\/em> (<em>Altimetre kontrol noktas<\/em>\u0131):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi altimetre kontrol noktalar\u0131n\u0131n (pre-flight altimeter check locations) uygulanabilir oldu\u011fu yerlerde bu veri mutlaka g\u00f6sterilir. <sub>ICAO Doc 8697 Chp. 7, 7.13, 13.6.1 b) c)<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi operasyonel test ve altimetre kontrol noktalar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki bilgiler i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_%E2%80%93_Doc_7030_Regional_Supplementary_Procedures\"><\/span><em>ICAO<\/em> &#8211; <em>Doc 7030 Regional Supplementary Procedures<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d76ed&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d76ed\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"732\" height=\"946\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-39.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4053\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.7737940186272824;width:394px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-39.png 732w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-39-232x300.png 232w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>ICAO Doc 7030<\/em>, her 8 <em>ICAO<\/em> b\u00f6lgesel ek usuller uygulama b\u00f6lgesi (<em>Doc 8144<\/em> ICAO b\u00f6lgelerinden farkl\u0131 bir kavram) i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgesel ek prosed\u00fcrleri (<em>regional supplementary procedures<\/em>) i\u00e7eren ICAO dok\u00fcman\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer d\u00fczenlemelerle birlikte <em>VSM<\/em> ve <em>RVSM<\/em> ile alakal\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeleri de i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>Doc 7030<\/em>&#8216;un mevcut bask\u0131s\u0131, 5. bas\u0131m (Edition) (2008) 9 numaral\u0131 ek (Amendment) (25\/4\/14)&#8217;d\u00fcr. G\u00fcncel d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7in bu dok\u00fcman, <em>ICAO<\/em> b\u00f6lge ofisleri taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan g\u00fcncel b\u00f6lgesel ekleriyle birlikte kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> Doc 7030&#8217;un \u00fclke esas\u0131ndaki d\u00fczenlemeleri, ilgili \u00fclkenin <em>AIP<\/em> <em>ENR 1.8 Regional supplementary procedures<\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer alabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 3:<\/strong> ICAO b\u00f6lgesel ek usuller uygulama b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jeppesen_Airway_Manual_ve_Jeppesen_Chartlarindaki_Gosterimler\"><\/span><em>Jeppesen Airway Manual<\/em> ve <em>Jeppesen<\/em> <em>Chart&#8217;lar\u0131ndaki G\u00f6sterimler<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jeppesen_Airway_Manual\"><\/span><em>Jeppesen Airway Manual<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Jeppesen AWM<\/em>&#8216;nin <em>Enroute<\/em> ve <em>Air Traffic Control (ATC)<\/em> b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde, b\u00f6lge veya \u00fclke esas\u0131nda seyir seviyeleri ve altimetre ayar prosed\u00fcrleriyle alakal\u0131 bilgiler yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jeppesen_Enroute_Chartlarinda_Gosterimler\"><\/span><em>Jeppesen Enroute Char<\/em>t&#8217;lar\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RVSM_Referans_Notu\"><\/span><em>RVSM<\/em> Referans Notu:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d818f&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d818f\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"679\" height=\"396\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-42.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4059\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-42.png 679w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-42-300x175.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 679px) 100vw, 679px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d8ee3&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d8ee3\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"677\" height=\"384\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-43.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4060\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-43.png 677w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-43-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 677px) 100vw, 677px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cruising_Levels\"><\/span><em>Cruising Levels<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d9648&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d9648\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"600\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-41.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4058\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-41.png 672w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-41-300x268.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924d9bb8&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924d9bb8\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"677\" height=\"384\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-44.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4061\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-44.png 677w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-44-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 677px) 100vw, 677px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jeppesen_Terminal_Chart%E2%80%98larinda_Gosterimler\"><\/span><em>Jeppesen Terminal Chart<\/em>&#8216;lar\u0131nda G\u00f6sterimler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SIDDP_ve_STAR_Chartlari_APT_ELEV_TL_TA\"><\/span><em>SID\/DP<\/em> ve <em>STAR<\/em> Chart&#8217;lar\u0131 (<em>APT ELEV, TL, TA<\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924da3e0&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924da3e0\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"694\" height=\"365\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-45.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4062\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-45.png 694w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-45-300x158.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Approach_Chart_%E2%80%93_Briefing_Strip_Bicimi_APT_ELEV_TDZE_Alt_Set_TL_TA\"><\/span><em>Approach Chart<\/em> &#8211; <em>Briefing Strip<\/em> Bi\u00e7imi (<em>APT ELEV, TDZE, Alt Set, TL, TA<\/em>) :<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924da9d7&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924da9d7\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"699\" height=\"441\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-47.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4064\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-47.png 699w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-47-300x189.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 699px) 100vw, 699px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> 7 &#8211; <em>TDZ elevation<\/em>&#8216;un bas\u0131n\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, belki <em>QNH<\/em> &#8211; <em>QFE<\/em> aras\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yapmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir. (QNH + TDZE (bas\u0131n\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131) = QFE) (Referans noktalar\u0131na dikkat edilmeli.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bazi_Bolgesel_ve_Yerel_Uygulamalar\"><\/span>Baz\u0131 B\u00f6lgesel ve Yerel Uygulamalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bazi_Diger_Havacilik_Otoritelerinin_Duzenlemelerindeki_Farklilik_Durumu\"><\/span>Baz\u0131 Di\u011fer Havac\u0131l\u0131k Otoritelerinin D\u00fczenlemelerindeki Farkl\u0131l\u0131k Durumu:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EASA\"><\/span>EASA:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Standardised European Rules of the Air (SERA)<\/em> kapsam\u0131nda: <sub>EASA Easy Access Rules for SERA (\u015eubat 2023)<\/sub>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TA \/ TRL uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu yaz\u0131daki ICAO konular\u0131yla ili\u015fkili bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k bulunamad\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir adet seyir seviyesi tablosu verilmi\u015f olup tablo, <em>ICAO RVSM<\/em> FL\/feet seyir seviyeleri tablosuyla ayn\u0131. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seyir seviyeleri tablosunda <em>Track<\/em>&#8216;\u0131n manyetik olup olmama durumu, ICAO ile ayn\u0131. Tablo, ICAO ile ayn\u0131 olarak 000 &#8211; 179 \/ 180 &#8211; 359 do\u011frultusu i\u00e7in verilmi\u015f olup 090 &#8211; 269 \/ 270 &#8211; 089 olabilme durumu ile alakal\u0131 nota yer verilmemi\u015f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>EASA Air Ops<\/em> kapsam\u0131nda <em>RVSM<\/em> ile alakal\u0131 prosed\u00fcrler mevcut ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\/eklemeler i\u00e7eriyorlar. <em>Air Ops<\/em> ve <em>CS<\/em> serileri kapsam\u0131nda <em>RVSM<\/em> gereklilikleri belirtilmi\u015f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NATOMIPS\"><\/span>NATO\/MIPS:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu yaz\u0131daki ICAO konular\u0131yla ili\u015fkili bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k\/ekleme bulunamad\u0131. <sub>NATO AATCP-1 (2013), AATCP-2 (2013)<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAA\"><\/span>FAA:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu yaz\u0131, <em>FAA<\/em> farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapsamamaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EUROCONTROL_NM_Bolgesindeki_Ulkelerin_Hakim_Ucus_Yonleri\"><\/span><em>EUROCONTROL<\/em> <em>NM<\/em> B\u00f6lgesindeki \u00dclkelerin Hakim U\u00e7u\u015f Y\u00f6nleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924db5d8&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924db5d8\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"706\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-33-1024x706.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4036\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-33-1024x706.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-33-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-33-768x530.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-33-1536x1059.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-33.png 1894w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mavi b\u00f6lgeler: Hakim u\u00e7u\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fc aral\u0131klar\u0131 <em>ICAO Annex 2<\/em> seyir seviyeleri tablolar\u0131ndaki varsay\u0131lan de\u011ferlerle ayn\u0131 olanlar. (&#8220;Seyir Seviyeleri&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ye\u015fil b\u00f6lgeler: Tek (<em>Odd<\/em>) <em>FL<\/em> do\u011frultu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 090 &#8211; 269 derece, \u00c7ift (<em>Even<\/em>) <em>FL<\/em> do\u011frultu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 270 &#8211; 089 derece olanlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>* FL 195&#8217;\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc i\u00e7in.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Bu g\u00f6rsel, <strong>bilgilendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> G\u00fcncel uygulama prosed\u00fcrlerini, ilgili \u00fclkelerin ge\u00e7erli kaynaklar\u0131ndan teyit ediniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EUROCONTROL_%E2%80%93_Level_Bust_Kavrami\"><\/span><em>EUROCONTROL<\/em> &#8211; <em>Level Bust<\/em> Kavram\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hedef seviyeden ta\u015fmay\u0131 belirten kavram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_EUR_Bolgesinde_VSM_ve_RVSM_Uygulamasi\"><\/span><em>ICAO EUR<\/em> B\u00f6lgesinde <em>VSM<\/em> ve <em>RVSM<\/em> Uygulamas\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Doc 7030 EUR Supplement, 24 August 2021)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>U\u00e7u\u015f Plan\u0131 (FPL)<\/em> ile alakal\u0131 <em>RVSM<\/em> d\u00fczenlemeleri atlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chapter_4_%E2%80%93_Navigation\"><\/span><em>Chapter 4 &#8211; Navigation<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Reduced_Vertical_Separation_Miniumum_RVSM\"><\/span><em>4.2 Reduced Vertical Separation Miniumum (RVSM)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Area of applicability<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>4.2.1: <em>RVSM<\/em>, FL 290 ve FL 410 aras\u0131nda (FL 290 ve FL 410 dahil), a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki <em>FIR\/UIR<\/em>&#8216;lar i\u00e7erisinde uygulanmaktad\u0131r:<br><br><em>Alger, Amman, Amsterdam, Ankara, Arkhangelsk, Baku, Barcelona, Beirut, Beograd, Berlin, Bratislava, Brindisi, Bruxelles, Bucuresti, Budapest, Cairo, Casablanca, Chisinau, Damascus, Dnipropetrovs\u2019k, France, Hannover, Hellas, Istanbul, Kaliningrad, Kazan, Kirov, K\u00f8benhavn, Kotlas, Kyiv, Lisboa, Ljubljana, London, L\u2019viv, Madrid, Malta, Milano, Minsk, Moscow, Murmansk, Murmansk Oceanic, Naryan-Mar, Nicosia, Novosibirsk, Odesa, Penza, Perm, Petrozavodsk, Polaris, Praha, Rhein, Riga, Roma, Rostov, Rovaniemi, Samara, Sankt-Peterburg, Saratov, Sarajevo, Scottish, Shannon, Simferopol, Skopje, Sofia, Sweden, Switzerland, Syktyvkar, Tallinn, Tampere, Tbilisi, Tel Aviv, Tirana, Tripoli, Tunis, Ufa, Varna, Velikiye Luki, Vilnius, Vologda, Vorkuta, Warszawa, Wien, Yekaterinburg, Yerevan, Zagreb.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Means of compliance<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bo\u015f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>ICAO<\/em> b\u00f6lgesel ek usuller uygulama b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chapter_6_%E2%80%93_Air_Traffic_Services_ATS\"><\/span><em>Chapter 6 &#8211; Air Traffic Services (ATS)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"62_Separation_%E2%80%93_624_Vertical\"><\/span><em>6.2 Separation &#8211; 6.2.4 Vertical<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>6.2.4.1: 4.2.1&#8217;de belirtilen <em>RVSM<\/em> havasahas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, <em>VSM<\/em> \u015fu \u015fekildedir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>RVSM<\/em> onayl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar aras\u0131nda <strong>1000 ft (300 m)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u015eu durumlardaki hava ara\u00e7\u015far\u0131 aras\u0131nda <strong>2000 ft (600 m)<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RVSM onay\u0131 bulunmayan devlet hava arac\u0131 ile RVSM havasahas\u0131nda i\u015fletilen herhangi bir ba\u015fka hava arac\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Devlet hava arac\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm formasyon u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 ile RVSM havasahas\u0131nda i\u015fletilen herhangi bir ba\u015fka hava arac\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RVSM onay\u0131 bulunmayan hava arac\u0131 ile VSM havasahas\u0131nda i\u015fletilen herhangi bir ba\u015fka hava arac\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"63_Minimum_Flight_Level_%E2%80%93_631_Establishment\"><\/span><em>6.3 Minimum Flight Level &#8211; 6.3.1 Establishment:<\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>6.3.1.1: Mevcut ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen atmosferik bas\u0131n\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, alan kontrol merkezleri gerekli oldu\u011funda kullan\u0131lacak en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesini koordine edecektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>6.3.1.2: 7 Mart 2015 tarihinden itibaren, ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi, ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131n\u0131n en az 300 m (1 000 ft) \u00fczerinde yer alacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece ge\u00e7i\u015f irtifas\u0131 ile ge\u00e7i\u015f seviyesi, d\u00fc\u015fey ay\u0131rma sa\u011flanmak suretiyle seyir u\u00e7u\u015funda e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"610_RVSM_Procedures\"><\/span>6.10 <em>RVSM<\/em> Procedures:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>6.10.1 General<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>6.10.1.1: 9.7.1.1 kapsam\u0131nda belirlenen havasahas\u0131 haricinde, sadece <em>RVSM<\/em> onayl\u0131 hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve <em>RVSM<\/em> onay\u0131 bulunmayan devlet hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131; <em>RVSM<\/em> havasahas\u0131na <em>ATC<\/em> m\u00fcsadesi alacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>6.10.1.2: Formasyon u\u00e7u\u015fu yapan sivil u\u00e7aklar\u0131n <em>RVSM<\/em> havasahas\u0131na girmesi i\u00e7in <em>ATC<\/em> m\u00fcsadesi verilmez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>6.10.2 Transition To\/From RVSM Airspace<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bo\u015f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chapter_9_-Special_Procedures\"><\/span><em>Chapter 9 -Special Procedures:<\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"971_EuropeanNorth_Atlantic_NAT_interface\"><\/span><em>9.7.1 European\/North Atlantic (NAT) interface:<\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>9.7.1.1: <em>Polaris, Scottish, Shannon, London, Brest, Madrid ve Lisboa FIR<\/em>\u2019lar\u0131ndan sorumlu devlet otoriteleri, <em>NAT<\/em> B\u00f6lgesine gidi\u015f-geli\u015f yapan ve <em>RVSM<\/em> onay\u0131 olmayan hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015fini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla kendi <em>FIR<\/em>\u2019lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde belirlenmi\u015f hava sahalar\u0131 tesis edebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>9.7.1.2: 9.7.1.1\u2019e uygun olarak belirlenmi\u015f hava sahas\u0131nda <em>ATC<\/em> hizmeti veren <em>ACC\/UAC<\/em>\u2019ler, bu t\u00fcr <em>RVSM<\/em> onay\u0131 olmayan hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na <em>RVSM<\/em> hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7inden t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f veya al\u00e7al\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in m\u00fcsaade verebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>9.7.1.3: 9.7.1.2\u2019ye uygun olarak <em>RVSM<\/em> hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7inden yap\u0131lacak t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f veya al\u00e7al\u0131\u015flar, aksi bir d\u00fczenlemede belirtilmedik\u00e7e, uygulanabildi\u011fi durumlarda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n biti\u015fik <em>ACC\/UAC<\/em>\u2019ye kontrol devrinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 noktay\u0131 ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Turkiyedeki_Yerel_Uygulamalar\"><\/span>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki Yerel Uygulamalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_Standart_Onerilen_Uygulama_ve_Yontemleriyle_Farkliliklar_GEN_17\"><\/span><em>ICAO Standart, \u00d6nerilen Uygulama ve Y\u00f6ntemleriyle Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar (GEN 1.7)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Doc 4444 Hava Kurallar\u0131 ve Hava Trafik Hizmetleri:<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>K\u0131s\u0131m VI, Paragraf 5.4.1 Part VI Paragraph 5.4.1<br>U\u00e7aklar\u0131n Mode C de\u011ferlerinde serbest k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinden 300 FT (90 metre) ya da daha fazla bir de\u011fer g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, Kontrol\u00f6r durumu pilota bildirerek, pilottan bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n seviyesinin do\u011frulanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Annex &#8211; 4 Havac\u0131l\u0131k Haritalar\u0131<\/em>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>11.10.6.3.f Ge\u00e7i\u015f \u0130rtifa bilgisi profil g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmde de\u011fil plan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmde g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. (<em>IAC<\/em> i\u00e7in.)<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"156\" class=\"wp-image-4044\" style=\"width: 500px;\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-34.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-34.png 800w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-34-300x94.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-34-768x240.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Turk_Havasahasi_Icinde_Altimetre_Ayar_Usulleri_ENR_171_ENR_172\"><\/span><em>T\u00fcrk Havasahas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7inde Altimetre Ayar Usulleri<\/em> (<em>ENR 1.7.1, ENR 1.7.2<\/em>):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrkiye AIP <em>ENR 1.7 T\u00fcrk Havasahas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7inde Altimetre Ayar Usulleri<\/em> (Do\u011frudan Aktar\u0131m) [AIRAC 2513 (\u0130lgili sayfalar AIRAC 2513 d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcndeki ge\u00e7erlilik tarihi 17 AUG 2017]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> Yaz\u0131m ve ifade hatalar\u0131na herhangi bir d\u00fczeltme uygulanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>PANS-OPS<\/em> i\u00e7erisinde altimetre ayar prosed\u00fcrleri, 2018&#8217;de Cilt III&#8217;\u00fcn yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131yla birlikte Cilt I&#8217;den Cilt III&#8217;e aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1. Giri\u015f<\/strong><br>Genelde kullan\u0131lan altimetre ayar usuleri, ICAO DOC 8168 Cilt I, K\u0131s\u0131m 6\u2019da ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da t\u00fcm\u00fc verilenlerle uyumludur. Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar aktarma i\u015faretleri ile g\u00f6sterilmektedir. <br>\u0130ntikal irtifalar\u0131 Aletli Yakla\u015fma Planlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde verilmi\u015ftir. Uygun arazi izninin tesbitinde kullan\u0131lan QNH raporlar\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 bilgisi MET yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndan sa\u011flanacak ve istek \u00fczerine Hava Trafik Hizmet birimlerinden (ATS) temin edilecektir. QNH de\u011ferleri hektopascal olarak verilecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2. Temel altimetre ayar usulleri <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2.1 Genel <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.1 Her havaalan\u0131 i\u00e7in bir intikal irtifa belirlenmi\u015ftir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.2 U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n dikey pozisyonu bir intikal irtifa veya alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funda, \u201c\u0130rtifa\u201d terimleri ile ifade edilecektir. Benzeri pozisyon veya intikal seviyesi \u00fczeri oldu\u011funda u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri ile ifade edilecektir. \u0130ntikal tabakas\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fteki dikey pozisyon al\u00e7al\u0131rken irtifaa terimleri ile ifade edilecek, \u201cT\u0131rmanma\u201d oldu\u011funda u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri s\u00f6ylenecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.3 U\u00e7u\u015f seviye s\u0131f\u0131rlamas\u0131, 1013.2 hPA (29.92 inch)\u2019\u0131n atmosferik bas\u0131n\u00e7 seviyesine yerle\u015ftirilir. Standart atmosferde, birbirini izleyen u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri 500 FT\u2019e (152.4 M) uygun bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.4 U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n uygun dikey ay\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ve araziye g\u00f6re y\u00fcksekli\u011fini temin etmek maksad\u0131 ile, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki usuller tatbik edilir. <br>a) QNH altimetre ayar\u0131, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olduk\u00e7a gelen ve kalkan u\u00e7aklar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <br>b) U\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri sistemi yoldaki u\u00e7aklar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <br>NOT: U\u00e7u\u015f plan\u0131nda belirtilen u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri feet olarak de\u011fil, rakamlarla ifade edilecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.5 Bir u\u00e7u\u015f i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilen u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi veya seviyeleri: <br>a) Yol boyunca her noktada araziye g\u00f6re uygun y\u00fcksekli\u011fi temin edecek \u015fekilde, <br>b) Kontrollu havasahas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda u\u00e7ulurken yar\u0131m daire usul\u00fcne uygun olacak \u015fekilde ve kontrollu havasahas\u0131 i\u00e7inde u\u00e7ulurken yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f usullere g\u00f6re tesbit edilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.6 Mahalli meteoroloji servisleri beher u\u00e7u\u015fta kullan\u0131lan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinin tesbiti maksad\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken b\u00fct\u00fcn bilgilere sahip olacakt\u0131r. R\u00fczgar, \u0131s\u0131, t\u00fcrb\u00fclans, buzlanma v.b. gibi meteorolojik tahmin bilgilerinin u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerine g\u00f6re temini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.7 Hava yer muhaberesinde, yanl\u0131\u015f bir anlamay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek maksad\u0131yla daima u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde &#8221;U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi&#8221; ve irtifa i\u00e7in &#8221;\u0130rtifa\u201d kelimeleri kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.8 Kontrollu meydanlar i\u00e7in tesbit edilen intikal irtifalar\u0131, AD k\u0131sm\u0131nda aletle al\u00e7alma planlar\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Hava trafik kontrol hizmeti olmayan meydanlarda intikal irtifalar\u0131 tesbit edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.9 Bir meydan civar\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinden irtifalara ge\u00e7i\u015fte u\u00e7u\u015flar, yatay sat\u0131htaki intikal sahas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleriyle, alt\u0131nda da irtifalarla ifade edilerek icra edilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.10 \u0130ntikal \u0130rtifas\u0131: Kontroll\u00fc Meydanlarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere 4 grup \u0130ntikal (Ge\u00e7i\u015f) \u0130rtifa (TA) de\u011feri tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar; 10000 FT, 12000 FT, 15000 FT ve 19000 FT olup, her meydan i\u00e7in tespit edilen de\u011fer AD k\u0131sm\u0131nda ve ilgili planlarda g\u00f6sterilmektedir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.11 Normal olarak hava trafik kontrol\u00fcnce tayin edilen intikal seviyesi, ilgili meydan\u0131n intikal irtifas\u0131n\u0131n en az 1000 feet \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmak \u00fczere kullan\u0131labilecek asgari u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi olacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.12 Arazi m\u00fcsaadesine g\u00f6re kullan\u0131labilen asgari ve\/veya asgari IFR seyir seviyeleri (ENR 1.7.5\u2019deki tabloya benzer) hava trafik kontrol ve\/veya QNH bas\u0131n\u00e7 k\u0131ymetini kullanacak pilot taraf\u0131ndan tayin edilecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.13 Standart altimetre ayar\u0131 ile QNH altimetre ayar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fcnasebetler, kullan\u0131labilen en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesini tayin etmek maksad\u0131yla kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Yeter say\u0131daki mevkilerden elde edilecek olan QNH altimetre ayarlar\u0131, yol \u00fczerinde araziye nazaran y\u00fcksekli\u011fin tesbit edilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. \u0130lgili hava trafik kontrol birimleri, havadaki u\u00e7aklar\u0131n talebi ile arzu edilen bilgileri sa\u011flayacak ve ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7aklar meteorolojik yay\u0131nlardan istifade edeceklerdir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.1.14 Birbirine yak\u0131n meydanlarda yap\u0131lan k\u0131sa mesafeli u\u00e7u\u015flarda, ilgili meydanlar\u0131n intikal irtifalar\u0131nda veya alt\u0131nda u\u00e7mak \u015fart\u0131yle,u\u00e7u\u015flar QNH ayar\u0131na g\u00f6re tesbit edilerek icra edilebilir. Bir meydan\u0131n intikal irtifa\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde yap\u0131lan mahalli u\u00e7u\u015flar, normal olarak u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinde yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2.2 Kalk\u0131\u015f ve t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.2.1 Bir QNH altimetre ayar\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011fa taksi ve kalk\u0131\u015f talimatlar\u0131 ile birlikte verilecektir. QFE altimetre ayar\u0131 istek \u00fczerine verilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.2.2 U\u00e7ak intikal irtifas\u0131na t\u0131rman\u0131rken ve intikal irtifas\u0131nda iken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n dikey durumu kontrol edilecek ve irtifa terimi ile ifade edilecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.2.3 Hava trafik kontrol\u00fcnce ba\u015fka bir talimat verilmemi\u015fse intikal irtifa\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fte altimetre 1013.2 hPA&#8217;a (29.92 in\u00e7) ayar edilecek ve bundan sonra u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n dikey durumu kontrol edilecek ve u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri tabiri ile ifade edilecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2.3 Yoldaki dikey ay\u0131rma <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.3.1 ENR 1.7.2 paragraf 2.1.12&#8217;de belirtilen durum hari\u00e7 yoldaki u\u00e7u\u015flarda u\u00e7aklar\u0131n dikey durumu kontrol edilecek ve u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri ile ifade edilecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.3.2 Bir Kontrol Sahas\u0131 ya da TMA i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f \u0130ntikal Seviyesinin (TL) alt\u0131nda u\u00e7makta olan bir hava arac\u0131na, s\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6lgeye giri\u015f m\u00fcsaadesi ile birlikte uygun QNH de\u011feri verilecek ve bu de\u011fer ilgili pilot taraf\u0131ndan vakit ge\u00e7irmeksizin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n Altimetresine set edilecektir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2.4 Yakla\u015fma ve \u0130ni\u015f <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.4.1 Bir QNH altimetre ayar\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011fa yakla\u015fma ve ini\u015f talimatlar\u0131 ile birlikte verilecektir. QFE altimetre ayar\u0131 istek \u00fczerine verilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.4.2 Yakla\u015fmadaki u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n dikey durumu intikal seviyesine ula\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleriyle kontrol edilecektir. U\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi alt\u0131ndaki dikey durum kontrol edilecek ve irtifalarla ifade edilecektir. Altimetre ayar\u0131ndaki bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yakla\u015fma esnas\u0131nda intikal irtifa\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015f yap\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan yakla\u015fma i\u00e7in al\u00e7alman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman yap\u0131labilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.4.3 Bir meydana ilk yakla\u015fma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce standart altimetre ayar\u0131ndan QNH ayar\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f zaman\u0131 ilgili hava trafik kontrol \u00fcnitesinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2.5 Pas ge\u00e7me <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.5.1 Bir pas ge\u00e7meyi tamamlarken kullan\u0131lan aItimetre ayar\u0131 intikal irtifa\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ve \u00fcst\u00fcnde tatbik edilen usullere tabi olacakt\u0131r. Her durumda, bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki bilgiler ile ba\u011fda\u015facakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2.6 Kontrolsuz u\u00e7u\u015flarda uygulanacak usuller <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.6.1 Yerin 1000 feet \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan VFR u\u00e7u\u015flarda en yak\u0131n rapor istasyonuna ait QNH de\u011feri altimetre ayar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.6.2 Kontrollu hava sahas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yere nazaran 1000 feetin \u00fczerindeki seviyelerde yap\u0131lan VFR u\u00e7u\u015flarda standart altimetre ayar\u0131 kullan\u0131lacak ve yar\u0131m daire usul\u00fcnde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen u\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinde u\u00e7ulacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.6.3 Hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n kontroll\u00fc k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kat etmek mecburiyetinde kalan u\u00e7aklar normal olarak kontrollu hava sahas\u0131na girmeden \u00f6nce ATC&#8217; den m\u00fcsade alacaklard\u0131r. ATC m\u00fcsaadesi al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda pilot FL 290 alt\u0131nda TEK veya \u00c7\u0130FT u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesi art\u0131 500 feette katedi\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecektir. FL 290 ve \u00fczerinde katedi\u015f ama\u00e7l\u0131 seviye kullan\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.6.4 Kontrolsuz meydanlardan kalkan veya kontrolsuz sahalarda t\u0131rmanan u\u00e7aklar araziye nazaran m\u00fcsait y\u00fcksekIi\u011fi ald\u0131ktan sonra, altimetrelerini QNH ayar\u0131ndan standart ayara de\u011fi\u015ftirecektir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.6.5 Kontrollu sahalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda u\u00e7an u\u00e7aklar aras\u0131ndaki dikey ay\u0131rma i\u00e7in yar\u0131m daire usul\u00fc uygulanacakt\u0131r. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.6.6 U\u00e7u\u015f seviyelerinde seyreden u\u00e7aklar kontrols\u00fcz bir meydana geli\u015fte veya kontrols\u00fcz hava sahas\u0131na al\u00e7al\u0131rken, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse yakla\u015fma i\u00e7in al\u00e7almaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 esnada standart ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 QNH ayar\u0131na de\u011fi\u015ftireceklerdir. QNH ayar\u0131 temin edilmedi\u011fi zaman pilot taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fcnasip arazi m\u00fcsadesi temini i\u00e7in gerekli faaliyet yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seyir_Seviye_Tablolari_ENR_173\"><\/span><em>Seyir Seviye Tablolar\u0131 (ENR 1.7.3)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>AIP<\/em>&#8216;deki tablo, <em>ICAO Annex 2 RVSM FL<\/em> <em>seyir seviye<\/em> tablosuyla ayn\u0131. (&#8220;Seyir Seviyeleri&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Intikal_irtifanin_TA_Intikal_Seviyesine_TL_Cevrilmesi_ENR_1741\"><\/span><em>\u0130ntikal irtifan\u0131n (TA) \u0130ntikal Seviyesine (TL) \u00c7evrilmesi (ENR 1.7.4.1)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>[<em>T\u00fcrkiye AIP ENR 1.7 T\u00fcrk Havasahas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7inde Altimetre Ayar Usulleri<\/em>, AIRAC 2513 (\u0130lgili sayfalar AIRAC 2513 d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcndeki ge\u00e7erlilik tarihi 17 AUG 2017]<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;\u0130ntikal \u0130rtifas\u0131: Kontroll\u00fc Meydanlarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere 4 grup \u0130ntikal (Ge\u00e7i\u015f) \u0130rtifa (TA) de\u011feri tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar; 10000 FT, 12000 FT, 15000 FT ve 19000 FT olup, her meydan i\u00e7in tespit edilen de\u011fer AD k\u0131sm\u0131nda ve ilgili planlarda g\u00f6sterilmektedir&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>AIP<\/em>&#8216;de, <em>intikal irtifalar\u0131n\u0131 (TA)<\/em> <em>intikal seviyesine (TL)<\/em> \u00e7evirebilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7evrim cetveli yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu cetvelde, bir intikal irtifas\u0131 (TA) de\u011feri kolonunun ile bir <em>QNH<\/em> bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011feri s\u00fctununun kesi\u015fimi, ilgili <em>TA<\/em>&#8216;ya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen <em>intikal seviyesini (TL)<\/em> verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7evrim Tablosu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924dd58c&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924dd58c\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"876\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-30-876x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4033\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-30-876x1024.png 876w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-30-257x300.png 257w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-30-768x898.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-30.png 953w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 876px) 100vw, 876px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924ddc31&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924ddc31\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"951\" height=\"492\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-31.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4034\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-31.png 951w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-31-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-31-768x397.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 951px) 100vw, 951px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924de190&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924de190\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"952\" height=\"465\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-32.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4035\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-32.png 952w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-32-300x147.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-32-768x375.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 952px) 100vw, 952px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bolgesel_Ek_Usuller_Doc_7030_ENR_18\"><\/span><em>B\u00f6lgesel Ek Usuller (Doc 7030) (ENR 1.8)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>[<em>T\u00fcrkiye AIP ENR 1.8 <em>B\u00f6lgesel Ek Usuller (Doc 7030)<\/em><\/em>, AIRAC 2513 (\u0130lgili sayfalar AIRAC 2513 d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcndeki ge\u00e7erlilik tarihi 26 APR 2018]<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> <em>AIP ENR 1.8<\/em>&#8216;de bahsedilen <em>Ankara FIR<\/em>&#8216;in &#8220;EUR-RVSM Ge\u00e7i\u015f Hava Sahas\u0131&#8221; olma durumu, <em>ICAO Doc 7030<\/em> ve <em>EUR<\/em> eklerinde yer alm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1. \u0130stanbul FIR \u0131 dahilinde FL290-FL410 dahil aras\u0131ndaki hava sahas\u0131 ENR 2-1 de tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere <strong>EUR-RVSM Hava Sahas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><br>Bu hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, asgari dikey ay\u0131rma a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u015fekilde olacakt\u0131r: <br>a) RVSM onayl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar aras\u0131nda 1000 FT (300 M); <br>b) 2000 FT (600 M) aral\u0131k 1) RVSM onay\u0131 olmayan Devlet u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131yla EUR-RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7makta olan herhangi bir u\u00e7ak; <br>2) Kol u\u00e7u\u015fu yapmakta olan Devlet u\u00e7aklar\u0131yla EUR-RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7makta olan herhangi bir u\u00e7ak; ve <br>3) Her ikisi de EUR-RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7makta iken, radyo haberle\u015fme kayb\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015f bir u\u00e7akla, herhangi bir ba\u015fka u\u00e7ak aras\u0131nda. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2. Ankara FIR\u2019\u0131 dahilinde FL290-FL410 dahil aras\u0131ndaki hava sahas\u0131 ENR 2.1 de tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere <strong>EUR-RVSM Ge\u00e7i\u015f Hava Sahas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/strong><br>Bu hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, asgari dikey ay\u0131rma a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u015fekilde olacakt\u0131r: <br>a) RVSM onayl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar aras\u0131nda 1000 FT (300 M); b) 2000 FT (600 M) aral\u0131k: <br>1) RVSM onay\u0131 olmayan Devlet u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131yla EUR-RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7makta olan herhangi bir u\u00e7ak; <br>2) Kol u\u00e7u\u015fu yapmakta olan Devlet u\u00e7aklar\u0131yla EUR-RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7makta olan herhangi bir u\u00e7ak; ve <br>3) Her ikisi de EUR-RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7makta iken, radyo haberle\u015fme kayb\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015f bir u\u00e7akla, herhangi bir ba\u015fka u\u00e7ak aras\u0131nda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ekler\"><\/span>Ekler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altitude_Alert_Cihazi\"><\/span><em>Altitude Alert<\/em> Cihaz\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RVSM u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinden sapma durumunda u\u00e7u\u015f ekibini uyarma gereklili\u011fini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda <em>Altitude Alert<\/em>, <em>Altitude Alerter<\/em> vb. olarak isimlendirilebilen, girilen seviyeden sapma olunca u\u00e7u\u015f ekibini uyaran bir ayg\u0131t bulunur. Baz\u0131 hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda ise bu \u00f6zellik, <em>MCP\/FCU<\/em> seviye se\u00e7imine ba\u011fl\u0131 olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924dec46&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924dec46\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"293\" height=\"159\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-28.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4030\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Planlarken_Seyir_Seviyesi_Seciminde_Dikkat_Edilmesi_Gerekebilecek_Diger_Etkenler\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f Planlarken Seyir Seviyesi Se\u00e7iminde Dikkat Edilmesi Gerekebilecek Di\u011fer Etkenler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yaz\u0131da bahsedilen seyir seviyesi kurallar\u0131 haricinde, u\u00e7ulabilecek en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve en y\u00fcksek u\u00e7u\u015f seviyeleri di\u011fer etkenler taraf\u0131ndan da k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131yor olabilir. Bu etkenlere de dikkat edilmesi gerekebilir\/gerekmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hava arac\u0131 performans\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hava ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>VFR\/IFR<\/em> kurallar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minimum \u0130rtifalar &#8211; <strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engeller<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>ATS<\/em> hava sahas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve yap\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>ATS<\/em> rota k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>RAD<\/em> k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>NOTAM<\/em>&#8216;lar veya di\u011fer ge\u00e7ici k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130leti\u015fim, seyr\u00fcsefer, g\u00f6zetim sistemlerinin kapsam\u0131 &#8211; <strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/category\/cns-sistemleri\/\">\u0130leti\u015fim, Seyr\u00fcsefer ve G\u00f6zetim (CNS) Sistemleri Kategorisi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oksijen gereklilikleri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7ok y\u00fcksekten yap\u0131lacak u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in di\u011fer gereklilikler (Ozon, Radyasyon vs.) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dusey_Mesafelerle_Ilgili_Belirli_Bazi_Terimler_Tanimlar_ve_Kisaltmalar\"><\/span>D\u00fc\u015fey Mesafelerle \u0130lgili Belirli Baz\u0131 Terimler, Tan\u0131mlar ve K\u0131saltmalar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT:<\/strong> MSA, AMA, MOCA gibi minimum g\u00fcvenli irtifa\/y\u00fckseklik de\u011ferleri, TDZE gibi pist y\u00fczeyiyle alakal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey mesafeler, OCA, OCH gibi yakla\u015fma engel korunma y\u00fczeyleriyle alakal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey mesafeler, MDA, MDH, DA, DH gibi yakla\u015fma minimumlar\u0131yla alakal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fey mesafe t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in ilgili yaz\u0131lara bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> <em>Geoid<\/em> ve <em>elipsoid<\/em> kavramlar\u0131, bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_Terimleri\"><\/span><em>ICAO<\/em> Terimleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ICAO terimi. &#8211; Mevcutsa ICAO k\u0131saltmas\u0131. &#8211; Mevcutsa T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (AIP GEN 2.2 veya DHM\u0130 Havac\u0131l\u0131k Terimleri S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc). &#8211; Mevcutsa ICAO tan\u0131m\u0131 veya k\u0131staslar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Above Aerodrome Level (AAL) [Havaalan\u0131 Seviyesi \u00dczerinde \/ Havaalan\u0131 Seviyesinin Yukar\u0131s\u0131]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Above Ground Level (AGL) [Yer Seviyesi \u00dcst\u00fcnde]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Above Mean Sea Level (AMSL) [Deniz Seviyesi \u00dczerinde \/ Ortalama Deniz Seviyesi \u00dczerinde]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Aerodrome Elevation (AD ELEV)<\/em><\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130ni\u015f alan\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131n\u0131n rak\u0131m\u0131. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Cleared Flight Level (CFL) [M\u00fcsaade Edilen U\u00e7u\u015f Seviyesi]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Datum [Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Noktas\u0131]<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Di\u011fer niceliklerin hesaplanmas\u0131nda referans veya dayanak olarak kullan\u0131labilen herhangi bir nicelik ya da nicelikler k\u00fcmesi. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Elevation (ELEV) [Rak\u0131m]<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir noktan\u0131n veya bir seviyenin, yery\u00fcz\u00fc \u00fczerinde ya da yery\u00fcz\u00fcne sabitlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, ortalama deniz seviyesinden (MSL) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen d\u00fc\u015fey mesafesi. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Ellipsoid Height \/ Geodetic Height (h)<\/em><\/strong><em><strong> [Elipsoit Y\u00fckseklik (Geodetik Y\u00fckseklik)]<\/strong><\/em><strong><em>:<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Geodetic Datum [Geodetik Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Noktas\u0131]<\/em>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>K\u00fcresel referans sistemine\/\u00e7er\u00e7evesine g\u00f6re yerel bir referans sisteminin konumunu ve y\u00f6nelimini tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in gerekli olan asgari parametreler k\u00fcmesidir. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>Geoid [Geoid]<\/strong><\/em><strong>:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yerk\u00fcrenin yer\u00e7ekimi alan\u0131nda yer alan ve bozulmam\u0131\u015f ortalama deniz seviyesiyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fen, karalar boyunca da kesintisiz olarak devam etti\u011fi kabul edilen e\u015fpotansiyel y\u00fczeydir. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Not:<\/strong> Geoid; yerel yer\u00e7ekimi d\u00fczensizlikleri (r\u00fczg\u00e2r gelgitleri, tuzluluk, ak\u0131nt\u0131lar vb.) nedeniyle d\u00fczensiz bir \u015fekle sahiptir ve yer\u00e7ekimi do\u011frultusu her noktada geoite diktir. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Geoid Undulation (GUND) [Geoid Dalgalanma]<\/em><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Geoitin, matematiksel referans elipsoidinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde (pozitif) veya alt\u0131nda (negatif) bulunmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen d\u00fc\u015fey uzakl\u0131k. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Height Above The Ellipsoid (HAE)<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Maximum Authorized Altitude (MAA) [M\u00fcsaade Edilen Azami \u0130rtifa]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Mean Sea Level (MSL) [Deniz Seviyesi \/ Ortalama Deniz Seviyesi]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Orthometric Height (H)<\/em><\/strong> <em><strong>[Ortometrik Y\u00fckseklik]<\/strong><\/em>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir noktan\u0131n jeoide g\u00f6re olan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi; genellikle MSL irtifas\u0131\/y\u00fcksekli\u011fi olarak ifade edilir. <sub>Doc 9713<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Present Level (PLVL)<\/em> <em>[Mevcut Seviye]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Reach Cruising Altitude (RCA) [Ula\u015f\u0131lan Seyir \u0130rtifas\u0131]<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_Harici_Terimler\"><\/span><em>ICAO<\/em> Harici Terimler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em><strong>Height Above Airport Elevation (HAA) [Havaliman\u0131 \u00dczerinde \u0130rtifa] &#8211; NATO\/MIPS<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><strong>Height Above Airport (HAA) &#8211; FAA<\/strong><\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MDA\u2019\u0131n, yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f meydan rak\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerindeki y\u00fcksekli\u011fi. Bu de\u011fer, circling minimumlar\u0131 ile birlikte yay\u0131mlan\u0131r. <sub>FAA Pilot\/Controller Glossary (8-7-2025)<\/sub> &#8211; <strong>Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/visual-manoeuvring-circling\/\">Circling<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Oncesi_Altimetre_Kontrol_Noktalari\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi Altimetre Kontrol Noktalar\u0131:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Annex 14 Vol. I Chp. 2 2.7)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bir meydan i\u00e7in bir veya daha fazla u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi altimetre kontrol noktas\u0131 (<em>pre-flight altimeter check location<\/em>) tesis edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tavsiye: U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi kontrol noktas\u0131 <em>apron<\/em> \u00fczerinde yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 1:<\/strong> U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi altimetre kontrol noktas\u0131n\u0131n apron \u00fczerinde bulunmas\u0131, taksi izni al\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce altimetre kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve aprondan ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bu ama\u00e7la durma gereklili\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT2:<\/strong> Genellikle apronun tamam\u0131, altimetre kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in uygun bir kontrol noktas\u0131 olarak kabul edilebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi altimetre kontrol noktas\u0131n\u0131n kotu, bulundu\u011fu alan\u0131n ortalama kotu esas al\u0131narak, en yak\u0131n metreye veya feete yuvarlanm\u0131\u015f \u015fekilde verilir. U\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi altimetre kontrol noktas\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kotu, bu nokta i\u00e7in belirlenen ortalama kotun \u00b110 ft (\u00b13 m) i\u00e7inde olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_PANS-OPS_Vol_III_%E2%80%93_Altimetre_Ayar_Prosedurleri_%E2%80%93_Ucus_Oncesi_Operasyonel_Test\"><\/span><em>ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III<\/em> &#8211; Altimetre Ayar Prosed\u00fcrleri &#8211; U\u00e7u\u015f \u00d6ncesi Operasyonel Test:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-OPS Vol. III Sec. 2 Chp. 3 3.2)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen test, u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesinde u\u00e7u\u015f ekibi \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan hava arac\u0131nda yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. U\u00e7u\u015f ekiplerine testin amac\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bildirilmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lacak i\u015flemler konusunda kendilerine \u00f6zel talimatlar verilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">QNH Altimetre Ayar\u0131 \u0130le:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hava arac\u0131 meydanda bilinen bir kotta iken, altimetrenin bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131 g\u00fcncel <em>QNH<\/em> ayar\u0131na getirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mekanik titre\u015fim sa\u011flanm\u0131yorsa, cihaza hafif\u00e7e vurularak titre\u015fim uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Servis verilebilir bir altimetre, se\u00e7ilen noktan\u0131n kotunu ve bu noktan\u0131n \u00fczerindeki altimetre y\u00fcksekli\u011fini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki toleranslar i\u00e7inde g\u00f6sterecektir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Test aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u20139 000 m (0\u201330 000 ft) olan altimetreler i\u00e7in \u00b120 m veya 60 ft;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Test aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u201315 000 m (0\u201350 000 ft) olan altimetreler i\u00e7in \u00b125 m veya 80 ft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">QFE Altimetre Ayar\u0131 \u0130le:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hava arac\u0131 meydanda bilinen bir kotta iken, altimetrenin bas\u0131n\u00e7 ayar\u0131 g\u00fcncel <em>QFE<\/em> ayar\u0131na getirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mekanik titre\u015fim sa\u011flanm\u0131yorsa, cihaza hafif\u00e7e vurularak titre\u015fim uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Servis verilebilir bir altimetre, <em>QFE <\/em>referans noktas\u0131na g\u00f6re altimetrenin y\u00fcksekli\u011fini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki toleranslar i\u00e7inde g\u00f6sterecektir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Test aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u20139 000 m (0\u201330 000 ft) olan altimetreler i\u00e7in \u00b120 m veya 60 ft;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Test aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u201315 000 m (0\u201350 000 ft) olan altimetreler i\u00e7in \u00b125 m veya 80 ft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Notlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NOT 1:<\/strong> Altimetre referans kotunu veya y\u00fcksekli\u011fini tam olarak g\u00f6stermiyor ancak belirtilen toleranslar i\u00e7inde kal\u0131yorsa, u\u00e7u\u015fun hi\u00e7bir safhas\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen de\u011fere bir ayarlama yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca yerde tolerans i\u00e7inde kalan herhangi bir hata, u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda pilot taraf\u0131ndan dikkate al\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOT 2:<\/strong> Test aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u20139 000 m (0\u201330 000 ft) olan altimetreler i\u00e7in \u00b120 m veya 60 ft tolerans\u0131, standart atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131nda kotu 1 100 m\u2019ye (3 500 ft) kadar olan meydanlar i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir say\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo, meydandaki atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n standarttan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu durumlarda, yani QNH ayar\u0131n\u0131n 950 hPa kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olabildi\u011fi hallerde, farkl\u0131 meydan kotlar\u0131 i\u00e7in izin verilen aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924e0788&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924e0788\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"848\" height=\"453\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4017\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.871970042001923;width:620px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-20.png 848w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-20-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-20-768x410.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NOT 3:<\/strong> Test aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 0\u201315 000 m (0\u201350 000 ft) olan altimetreler i\u00e7in \u00b125 m veya 80 ft tolerans\u0131, standart atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131nda kotu 1 100 m\u2019ye (3 500 ft) kadar olan meydanlar i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir say\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo meydandaki atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n standarttan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu durumlarda, yani QNH ayar\u0131n\u0131n 950 hPa kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olabildi\u011fi hallerde, farkl\u0131 meydan kotlar\u0131 i\u00e7in izin verilen aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924e0edc&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924e0edc\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"845\" height=\"455\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-21.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4018\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.8572257690075449;width:615px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-21.png 845w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-21-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-21-768x414.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_PANS-ATM_ATC_Dikey_Ayirma_Vertical_Separation_Prosedurleri_Ceviri\"><\/span><em>ICAO PANS-ATM ATC Dikey Ay\u0131rma [Vertical Separation]<\/em> Prosed\u00fcrleri (\u00c7eviri):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(<em>ATC RVSM<\/em> prosed\u00fcrleri ile alakal\u0131 rehberlik kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in &#8220;<a href=\"#Ekler\">Ekler<\/a>&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki RVSM ile ilgili ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa bak\u0131n\u0131z.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kontrollu_Ucuslar_Icin_Seyir_Seviyelerinin_Tahsisi\"><\/span>Kontroll\u00fc U\u00e7u\u015flar \u0130\u00e7in Seyir Seviyelerinin Tahsisi:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-ATM Chp. 5 5.3.3)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>5.3.3.1 Trafik ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve koordinasyon usulleri seyir t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131na (<em>cruise climb<\/em>) izin verilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a, bir ATC \u00fcnitesi normalde bir u\u00e7a\u011fa, kendi kontrol sahas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde yaln\u0131zca tek bir seviye tahsis eder; yani u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n, biti\u015fik olsun ya da olmas\u0131n, bir sonraki kontrol sahas\u0131na giri\u015fte bulunaca\u011f\u0131 seviye. Gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ilave t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in m\u00fcsaade verilmesi, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 devralan ATC \u00fcnitesinin sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. \u0130lgili durumlarda, u\u00e7aklara seyir s\u0131ras\u0131nda istenen seviye de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini talep etmeleri gerekti\u011fi bildirilecektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.2 Seyir t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131 tekniklerini kullanmas\u0131na izin verilen u\u00e7aklar, iki seviye aras\u0131nda veya bir seviyenin \u00fczerinde operasyon yapmak \u00fczere serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.3 Kontroll\u00fc hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7inde k\u0131smen, d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131smen uzanan yerle\u015fik bir ATS rotas\u0131 boyunca u\u00e7an bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n seyir seviyesinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekiyorsa ve ilgili seyir seviyesi serileri ayn\u0131 de\u011filse, bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funda kontroll\u00fc hava sahas\u0131 i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.4 Bir u\u00e7ak, rotan\u0131n sonraki bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in belirlenmi\u015f asgari seyir seviyesinin alt\u0131nda bir seyir seviyesinde bir kontrol sahas\u0131na serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, ATC \u00fcnitesi, pilot gerekli seviye de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini talep etmemi\u015f olsa bile, u\u00e7a\u011fa revize edilmi\u015f bir serbestlik vermekle sorumludur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.5 Bir u\u00e7ak, belirli bir zamanda, yerde veya oranda seyir seviyesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek \u00fczere serbest b\u0131rak\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Not \u2014 Dikey h\u0131z kontrol\u00fcne ili\u015fkin usuller i\u00e7in 5.3.4.1.1\u2019e bak\u0131n\u0131z.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.6 Uygulanabildi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, ayn\u0131 var\u0131\u015f meydan\u0131na u\u00e7an u\u00e7aklar\u0131n seyir seviyeleri, var\u0131\u015ftaki yakla\u015fma s\u0131ralamas\u0131na uygun olacak \u015fekilde tahsis edilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.7 Bir seyir seviyesinde bulunan bir u\u00e7ak, ayn\u0131 seyir seviyesini talep eden di\u011fer u\u00e7aklara g\u00f6re normalde \u00f6nceli\u011fe sahiptir. Ayn\u0131 seyir seviyesinde iki veya daha fazla u\u00e7ak bulundu\u011funda, \u00f6ndeki u\u00e7ak normalde \u00f6ncelikli olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.3.8 Seyir t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131 durumunda, kontroll\u00fc u\u00e7u\u015flara tahsis edilecek seyir seviyeleri veya seviye aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, IFR u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in tahsis edilmi\u015f a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklardan se\u00e7ilecektir:<br>a) <em>Annex 2<\/em>, Ek 3\u2019te yer alan seyir seviyesi tablolar\u0131; veya<br>b) FL 410 \u00fczerindeki u\u00e7u\u015flar i\u00e7in, <em>Annex 2<\/em> Ek 3\u2019e uygun olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f seyir seviyesi tablolar\u0131.<br>Ancak, burada belirtilen seviye\u2013do\u011frultu ili\u015fkisi, hava trafik kontrol izinlerinde veya ilgili ATS otoritesi taraf\u0131ndan AIP\u2019lerde aksi belirtilmedik\u00e7e uygulanmaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tirmanis_veya_Alcalma_Sirasinda_Dikey_Ayirma\"><\/span>T\u0131rman\u0131\u015f veya Al\u00e7alma S\u0131ras\u0131nda Dikey Ay\u0131rma:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO PANS-ATM Chp. 5 5.3.4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>5.3.4.1 Bir u\u00e7ak, daha \u00f6nce ba\u015fka bir u\u00e7ak taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilen bir seviyeye, s\u00f6z konusu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n bu seviyeyi terk etti\u011fini bildirmesinden sonra serbest b\u0131rak\u0131labilir; ancak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlar hari\u00e7tir:<br>a) \u015eiddetli t\u00fcrb\u00fclans\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu biliniyorsa;<br>b) \u00dcstteki u\u00e7ak seyir t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131yorsa; veya<br>c) U\u00e7ak performanslar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark, uygulanmas\u0131 gereken asgari ay\u0131rmadan daha az bir ay\u0131rmaya yol a\u00e7abilecekse.<br>Bu durumlarda, seviyeyi terk eden u\u00e7ak, gerekli ay\u0131rma ile ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ba\u015fka bir seviyeyi ge\u00e7ti\u011fini veya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirene kadar s\u00f6z konusu serbestlik verilmeyecektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.4.1.1 \u0130lgili u\u00e7aklar ayn\u0131 bekleme paternine girerken veya bu paternde yerle\u015fik durumdayken, belirgin \u015fekilde farkl\u0131 al\u00e7alma oranlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve gerekirse, \u00fcstteki u\u00e7ak i\u00e7in azami al\u00e7alma oran\u0131, alttaki u\u00e7ak i\u00e7in ise asgari al\u00e7alma oran\u0131 belirlenerek gerekli ay\u0131rman\u0131n korunmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5.3.4.2 Birbirleriyle do\u011frudan haberle\u015fme h\u00e2linde bulunan pilotlar, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 mutabakatlar\u0131 ile, t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f veya al\u00e7alma s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7aklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda belirli bir dikey ay\u0131rmay\u0131 muhafaza etmek \u00fczere serbest b\u0131rak\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_Doc_9574_RVSM_Prosedurleri_Ceviri\"><\/span><em>ICAO Doc 9574 RVSM<\/em> Prosed\u00fcrleri (\u00c7eviri):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(\u00c7eviri i\u015flemi, yapay zeka yard\u0131m\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Varsa g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7an \u00e7eviri hatalar\u0131n\u0131 bildirebilirsiniz.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Doc 9574 Chp. 4)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Genel_Prosedurler\"><\/span>Genel Prosed\u00fcrler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Annex 2 <em>RVSM Seyir Seviyeleri<\/em> (&#8220;Seyir Seviyeleri&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z.) kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Ekibi_Prosedurleri\"><\/span><em>U\u00e7u\u015f Ekibi<\/em> Prosed\u00fcrleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucus_Ici_Prosedurler\"><\/span>U\u00e7u\u015f \u0130\u00e7i Prosed\u00fcrler:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Doc 9574 Chp. 4 4.2)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genel olarak, RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda uygulanan u\u00e7u\u015f ekibi i\u015fletme usulleri, di\u011fer hava sahalar\u0131ndakilerden farkl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ancak RVSM operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcreklili\u011fi, b\u00f6lgeye \u00f6zg\u00fc usullerin periyodik olarak g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesini gerektirir. \u00d6rne\u011fin s\u00fcreklilik usulleri b\u00f6lgesel dok\u00fcmantasyona yans\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Emniyet gerekleri ve b\u00fcy\u00fck irtifa sapmalar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011furabilece\u011fi risk d\u00fczeyi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, u\u00e7u\u015f ekiplerine, kendilerine tahsis edilen u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinden sapma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in dikkatli olmalar\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7la, rutin e\u011fitimler s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015f ekiplerine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki u\u00e7u\u015f i\u00e7i usullere uyulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi vurgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) Seviye seyri s\u0131ras\u0131nda, hava arac\u0131n\u0131n kendisine tahsis edilen u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesinde <em>(cleared flight level) (CFL)<\/em> u\u00e7mas\u0131 zorunludur. Bu durum, ATC talimatlar\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Acil durumlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, hava arac\u0131 ATC\u2019den izin al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak CFL\u2019den sapmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b) Seviyeler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f veya al\u00e7al\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde, hava arac\u0131n\u0131n <strong>yeni u\u00e7u\u015f seviyesini 45 m (150 ft) \u00fczerinde veya alt\u0131nda a\u015fmas\u0131na izin verilmemelidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not \u2014 Ge\u00e7i\u015f, e\u011fer mevcutsa, otomatik irtifa tutma sisteminin irtifa yakalama fonksiyonu kullan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c) Otomatik irtifa tutma sistemi, seviye seyri s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda ve devrede olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak t\u00fcrb\u00fclans gibi durumlarda veya hava arac\u0131n\u0131n yeniden trimlenmesini gerektiren ko\u015fullarda sistemin devreden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekebilir. Her durumda, seyir irtifas\u0131na uyum, RVSM MASPS gerekliliklerine g\u00f6re zorunlu olan iki altimetreden biri referans al\u0131narak sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">d) \u0130rtifa ikaz sistemi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda ve devrede olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">e) Altimetreler aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenli olarak (saatlik) \u00e7apraz kontrol yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve <strong>en az iki RVSM MASPS uyumlu sistemin 60 m (200 ft) i\u00e7inde birbiriyle uyumlu oldu\u011fu teyit edilmelidir.<\/strong> Bu \u015fart\u0131n sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 durumunda, sistem ar\u0131zal\u0131 olarak rapor edilmeli ve ATC bilgilendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">f) \u0130rtifa raporlayan transponder, hava arac\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan RVSM MASPS uyumlu altimetri sistemine ba\u011fl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">g) RVSM hava sahas\u0131na girmeden \u00f6nce, pilot gerekli te\u00e7hizat\u0131n durumunu g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmelidir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki te\u00e7hizat normal \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RVSM MASPS\u2019te tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde iki adet irtifa \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sistemi;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>otomatik irtifa tutma sistemi veya sistemleri;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not \u2014 \u0130rtifa tutma sistemlerine ili\u015fkin yedeklilik gereklilikleri, ar\u0131zalar aras\u0131 ortalama s\u00fcre, u\u00e7u\u015f segmentlerinin uzunlu\u011fu ve do\u011frudan pilot kontrol\u00fc ile radar g\u00f6zetiminin mevcudiyeti gibi kriterler de\u011ferlendirilerek b\u00f6lgesel anla\u015fmalarla belirlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ilgili RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda operasyon i\u00e7in gerekliyse, RVSM MASPS gerekliliklerine uygun iki altimetri sisteminden herhangi biri \u00fczerinden \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak \u015fekilde se\u00e7ilebilir en az bir irtifa raporlayan transponder;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bir adet irtifa ikaz sistemi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu te\u00e7hizat\u0131n herhangi biri, hava arac\u0131 RVSM hava sahas\u0131na girmeden \u00f6nce ar\u0131zalan\u0131rsa, pilot bu hava sahas\u0131nda u\u00e7maktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak amac\u0131yla yeni bir ATC m\u00fcsaadesi talep etmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">h) RVSM hava sahas\u0131na girdikten sonra a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki beklenmeyen durum usullerine uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CFL\u2019yi muhafaza etme yetene\u011fini etkileyen ve eylem plan\u0131n\u0131n koordinasyonunu gerektiren durumlarda (te\u00e7hizat ar\u0131zalar\u0131, hava ko\u015fullar\u0131), pilot ATC\u2019yi bilgilendirmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Te\u00e7hizat ar\u0131zalar\u0131 ATC\u2019ye bildirilmelidir. Buna \u00f6rnek olarak:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i) hava arac\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm otomatik irtifa tutma sistemlerinin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ii) altimetri sistemlerinde veya bunlar\u0131n herhangi bir par\u00e7as\u0131nda yedeklili\u011fin kaybedilmesi;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">iii) t\u00fcm irtifa raporlayan transponderlerin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">iv) al\u00e7al\u0131\u015f gerektirecek \u015fekilde bir motorda itki kayb\u0131;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">v) CFL\u2019yi muhafaza etme yetene\u011fini etkileyen di\u011fer herhangi bir te\u00e7hizat ar\u0131zas\u0131;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u015eiddetli t\u00fcrb\u00fclansla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pilot ATC\u2019yi bilgilendirmelidir;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tahsis edilen CFL\u2019den sapmadan \u00f6nce ATC\u2019ye bilgi verilememesi veya ATC m\u00fcsaadesi al\u0131namamas\u0131 durumunda, pilot, faaliyet g\u00f6sterilen b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f beklenmeyen durum usullerini uygulamal\u0131 ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ATC m\u00fcsaadesi almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Isletme_Kilavuzu_OM\"><\/span><em>\u0130\u015fletme K\u0131lavuzu (OM)<\/em>:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Uygulanabildi\u011fi durumlarda, hava arac\u0131 i\u015fletmecileri, RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen operasyonlardan kaynaklanan standart i\u015fletme usullerindeki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 yans\u0131tacak \u015fekilde i\u015fletme el kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmeli ve g\u00fcncellemelidir. <sub>ICAO Doc 9574 Chp. 4 4.2<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ATC_Prosedurleri\"><\/span><em>ATC <\/em>Prosed\u00fcrleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Genel\"><\/span>Genel:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RVSM operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n emniyetli \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi, hava seyr\u00fcsefer hizmetlerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak ATC usullerinin periyodik olarak g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesini ve uygun tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 e\u011fitimlerin verilmesini gerektirir. B\u00f6lgesel usullerin periyodik g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesine temel olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere, uygulanabildi\u011fi durumlarda, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hallerde kontrol\u00f6rler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken uygun tedbirler dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 RVSM hava sahas\u0131na, uygun \u015fekilde te\u00e7hiz edilmedi\u011fi bilinen bir hava arac\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u00e7u\u015f planlanmas\u0131<br>\u2013 bir hava arac\u0131n\u0131n, RVSM gereklerine uygun bir <em>CFL<\/em>\u2019yi [cleared flight level] muhafaza etme kabiliyetini kaybetti\u011fini ATC\u2019ye bildirmesi<br>\u2013 pilotun, otomatik irtifa tutma cihaz\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirmesi<br>\u2013 g\u00f6sterilen irtifan\u0131n <em>CFL<\/em>\u2019den 90 m (300 ft) veya daha fazla sapma g\u00f6stermesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not 1 \u2014 RVSM operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in zorunlu olmamakla birlikte, irtifa g\u00f6steriminin mevcut olmas\u0131 faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<br>Not 2 \u2014 G\u00f6zetim sistemleri RVSM operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 destekleyebilecek kabiliyette olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ATC_Olagan_Disi_Durum_Prosedurleri\"><\/span>ATC Ola\u011fan D\u0131\u015f\u0131 Durum Prosed\u00fcrleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Acil al\u00e7alma gerektiren motor itkisi kayb\u0131 veya kabin bas\u0131n\u00e7 kayb\u0131 gibi durumlara ek olarak, bir hava arac\u0131n\u0131n <em>CFL<\/em>\u2019yi muhafaza etmesini imk\u00e2ns\u0131z k\u0131labilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc durum ATC\u2019nin bilgisine sunulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kontrol\u00f6rler, pilot taraf\u0131ndan bu t\u00fcr bir durumun bildirildi\u011fi hallerde al\u0131nacak uygun tedbirler konusunda e\u011fitilmelidir. B\u00f6yle bir durumun meydana gelmesi halinde \u00f6nerilen uygulamalar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 pilotun niyetinin \u00f6\u011frenilmesi<br>\u2013 yatay, boylamsal veya art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dikey ay\u0131rma sa\u011flanarak hava arac\u0131n\u0131n trafi\u011fe uyum sa\u011flay\u0131p sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse uygun asgari ay\u0131rman\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131<br>\u2013 \u00f6nceki madde kapsam\u0131nda uyum sa\u011flanam\u0131yorsa, hava arac\u0131n\u0131n RVSM hava sahas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olan irtifa gereklerine uygun olarak u\u00e7up u\u00e7amayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti; bunun operasyonel olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funun pilot taraf\u0131ndan teyit edilmesi halinde ve trafik m\u00fcsaade ediyorsa, RVSM hava sahas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir seviyeye revize edilmi\u015f m\u00fcsaade verilmesi<br>\u2013 ne \u00f6nceki ne de alternatif \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerle uyum sa\u011flanamayan hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n acil durum olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve gerekli ay\u0131rman\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tedbirin al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Askeri_Operasyonlar\"><\/span>Asker\u00ee Operasyonlar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Devletlere, <em>PANS-ATM<\/em>\u2019de tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere asker\u00ee trafi\u011fe ili\u015fkin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f sorumluluklar\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, RVSM <em>MASPS<\/em> [minimum aircraft system performance specifications] te\u00e7hizat gereklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamayan asker\u00ee u\u00e7u\u015f operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in usuller geli\u015ftirilmesi ve periyodik olarak g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesi gerekir. Bu usuller, RVSM hava sahas\u0131nda asker\u00ee u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131n nas\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak <em>FL 290<\/em> \u00fczerinde 300 m (1 000 ft) <em>VSM<\/em> sa\u011flanarak sivil trafikten ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmelidir. Bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen y\u00f6ntemler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 ge\u00e7ici hava sahas\u0131 rezervasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131<br>\u2013 blok irtifalar\u0131n tahsis edilmesi<br>\u2013 asker\u00ee hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n toplu hareketleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7ici olarak ge\u00e7erli \u00f6zel rotalar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meteorolojik_Kosullar\"><\/span>Meteorolojik Ko\u015fullar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130rtifan\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde muhafaza edilmesini olumsuz etkileyebilecek t\u00fcrb\u00fclansa yol a\u00e7an meteorolojik ko\u015fullar \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 yer\u00e7ekimi kesme dalgalar\u0131<br>\u2013 g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc f\u0131rt\u0131nalar<br>\u2013 orografik ak\u0131\u015f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orografik ak\u0131\u015f, yayg\u0131n olarak da\u011f dalgas\u0131 faaliyeti olarak bilinir ve do\u011fru irtifa muhafazas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zellikle olumsuz etkileyebilecek bir unsur olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. RVSM uygulamas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, hava sahas\u0131nda orografik ak\u0131\u015fa duyarl\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilinen devletler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 bu t\u00fcr ko\u015fullar\u0131n tahmin edilmesine ili\u015fkin sorumlulu\u011fu belirlemeli<br>\u2013 bu tahminlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 halinde ATC taraf\u0131ndan uygulanacak tedbirleri ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eiddetli t\u00fcrb\u00fclans raporlar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ATC hava arac\u0131n\u0131n <em>CFL<\/em>\u2019yi muhafaza etme kabiliyetini tespit etmelidir. Meteorolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131n irtifa muhafaza do\u011frulu\u011funu etkiledi\u011finin veya etkilemesinin muhtemel oldu\u011funun teyit edilmesi halinde, ATC m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede alternatif ay\u0131rma sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, yukar\u0131da belirtilen meteorolojik ko\u015fullardan herhangi birinin geni\u015f bir alan \u00fczerinde uzun s\u00fcre etkili olmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fi durumlarda, ilgili ATC otoritesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri de\u011ferlendirmelidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 etkilenen rota veya alanlar\u0131 belirten bir <em>NOTAM<\/em> yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131<br>\u2013 etkilenen alanda 300 m (1 000 ft) <em>VSM<\/em>\u2019nin ge\u00e7ici olarak ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_PANS-OPS_Altimetre_Sicaklik_Dogrultma_Formulleri_Sayfalar\"><\/span><em>ICAO PANS-OPS<\/em> Altimetre S\u0131cakl\u0131k Do\u011frultma Form\u00fclleri (Sayfalar):<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow 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10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924e3639&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924e3639\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"914\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" 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\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ICAO_Bolgesel_Ek_Usuller_Uygulama_Bolgeleri\"><\/span><em>ICAO<\/em> B\u00f6lgesel Ek Usuller Uygulama B\u00f6lgeleri:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub>(ICAO Doc 7030)<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad10924e3ee4&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad10924e3ee4\" class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"632\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-29-1024x632.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-29-1024x632.png 1024w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-29-300x185.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-29-768x474.png 768w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-29-1536x948.png 1536w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-29-2048x1264.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac.png 600w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac-300x1.png 300w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac-150x1.png 150w, https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ayrac-590x1.png 590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ayr\u0131ca Bak\u0131n\u0131z:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/\">ais.ibosoft.net.tr<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/minimum-guvenli-irtifalar\/\">Minimum G\u00fcvenli \u0130rtifalar (MOCA MEA MSA TAA AMA MORA MEF vs.) ve Haritalarda G\u00f6sterimi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ibonav.aero\/learn\/engel-acikligi-moc-roc-primary-ve-secondary-alan-icaofaa\/\">Engel A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, MOC, ROC, Primary ve Secondary Alanlar<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcncellemeler:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>25 Nisan 2026\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Seyir seviyesi tablolar\u0131 d\u00fczeltildi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO b\u00f6lge kavramlar\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>xx xxxxx 2026\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00fc\u015fey hata miktar\u0131yla alakal\u0131 eksik k\u0131s\u0131mlar eklendi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ana_Kaynaklar\"><\/span>Ana&nbsp;Kaynaklar:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ICAO Annex 2 Rules of The Air (11th Ed. Amend. 48, July 2024)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Annex 6 Operation of Aircraft, Part I &#8211; International Commercial Air Transport &#8211; Aeroplanes (12th Ed. Corr. 1, Amend. 49, 28\/11\/24)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Annex 6 Operation of Aircraft, Part II &#8211; International General Aviation &#8211; Aeroplanes (11th Ed. Corr. 1 Amend. 41, 28\/11\/24)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Annex 14 Aerodromes, Vol. I &#8211; Aerodrome Design and Operations (9th Ed. 2022, Amend.17)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 4444 PANS-ATM (16th Ed. Amend. 12, 28\/11\/24)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 8168 PANS-OPS Vol. III (1st Ed. Amend. 3, 28\/11\/24)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 8400 PANS-ABC (9th Ed. Amend. 33 8\/11\/18)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 10066 PANS-AIM (1st Ed. Amend. 3, 28\/11\/24)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 7030 Regional Supplementary Procedures (5th Ed. Amend. 9 2014 + EUR Supp. 2021 + NAT Supp. 2022)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 8697 Aeronautical Chart Manual (3rd Ed. Corr. 1, Amend. 1, 11.12.20)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 9574 Manual on a 300 m (1 000 ft) Vertical Separation Minimum Between FL 290 and FL 410 Inclusive (3rd Ed. 2012)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAO Doc 9713 International Civil Aviation Vocabulary (3rd Ed., 2007)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jeppesen Airway Manual (Cycle 26-2025)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EUROCONTROL Flight Level Orientation Scheme (May 2021)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye AIP (AIRAC 2513)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye AIP GEN 2.2 &#8211; Havac\u0131l\u0131k Bilgi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda Kullan\u0131lan K\u0131saltmalar (AIRAC 2513)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHM\u0130 Havac\u0131l\u0131k Terimleri S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (2. Bask\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giri\u015f: Bu Yaz\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda: Hava trafik y\u00f6netimini d\u00fczenleyebilmek i\u00e7in, seyir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4013,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,20],"tags":[752,790,291,775,733,732,731,244,729,730,774,772,780,770,736,779,789,798,715,794,783,727,797,741,690,167,737,745,746,718,594,136,738,771,805,806,742,744,749,734,776,135,724,725,723,722,726,132,793,807,802,626,803,748,796,739,526,784,642,401,767,747,701,516,735,787,754,243,242,764,804,765,766,751,757,785,756,759,755,758,786,197,769,768,760,762,763],"class_list":["post-3846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-havacilik-bilgisi","category-hava-kurallari","tag-1013-2-hpa","tag-aeronautical-charts","tag-aip","tag-air-traffic-control","tag-altimeter","tag-altimeter-error","tag-altimeter-setting","tag-altimetre","tag-altimetry-system-error","tag-altitude","tag-altitude-alerting","tag-altitude-deviation","tag-area-control-centre","tag-ase","tag-assigned-flight-level","tag-atc-procedures","tag-atmospheric-pressure","tag-atpl","tag-ats-route","tag-chart-symbology","tag-cold-temperature-correction","tag-controlled-airspace","tag-cpl","tag-datum","tag-dhmi-2","tag-easa","tag-elevation","tag-ellipsoid","tag-ellipsoid-height","tag-enr","tag-enroute-chart","tag-faa","tag-flight-level","tag-fte","tag-gecis-irtifasi","tag-gecis-seviyesi","tag-geodetic-datum","tag-geoid","tag-geoid-undulation","tag-height","tag-height-keeping-accuracy","tag-icao","tag-icao-annex-11","tag-icao-annex-15","tag-icao-annex-2","tag-icao-annex-4","tag-icao-doc-4444","tag-ifr","tag-instrument-approach-chart","tag-intikal-irtifasi","tag-isa","tag-jeppesen","tag-level-bust","tag-mean-sea-level","tag-minimum-altitudes","tag-minimum-descent-altitude","tag-mips","tag-mountain-wave","tag-nato","tag-nedir","tag-non-rvsm-aircraft","tag-orthometric-height","tag-pans-atm","tag-pans-ops-2","tag-pressure-altitude","tag-pressure-correction","tag-pressure-setting","tag-qfe","tag-qnh","tag-reduced-vertical-separation","tag-regional-supplementary-procedures","tag-rvsm","tag-rvsm-airspace","tag-standard-pressure","tag-ta","tag-temperature-correction","tag-transition-altitude","tag-transition-layer","tag-transition-level","tag-trl","tag-turbulence","tag-turkiye","tag-tve","tag-vertical-accuracy","tag-vertical-separation","tag-vertical-separation-minimum","tag-vsm"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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